Does Hand Tremor Affects Many Parts Of The Body

By the time someone shows signs and symptoms of Parkinson 's, Dopamine production in the brain has been reduced by 60 to 80% and is fairly advanced. This results in the most recognizable sign of Parkinson 's disease, the resting tremor of the hand or hands. During deliberate movement, the resting tremor goes away, at first. At rest, the tremor will become exacerbated,

I also felt scared and very worried about Mrs Bee, however, I mentally told myself to remain calm and composed, and gently support Mrs Bee through whatever she was experiencing. Concerns arose as I thought about what may have happened had I panicked externally, distressing Mrs Bee or had she fallen as a result of her tremor. After speaking to the registered nurse I felt a bit incompetent for not being able to identify the condition or symptoms, nevertheless I felt as though I handled the situation well and by remaining calm this eased Mrs Bee through her tremor. Lastly, I felt intrigued and curious about the cause, symptoms, and treatment options for essential tremors, and wanted to research this further.

People with mild Parkinson’s may experience tremors as a primary symptom, while others might experience problems with balance. (Dittmer 14) Service dogs can be used to help keep balance (81). People may have trouble swallowing causing them to choke more while eating (Abramovitz 17). Family members or friends might notice changes in a person’s posture, walking ability or facial expression . (15-16)

Parkinson disease (PD), also referred to as Parkinson’s disease and paralysis agitans, is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that is the third most common neurologic disorder of older adults. It is a debilitating disease affecting motor ability and is characterized by four cardinal symptoms: tremor rigidity, bradykinesia or kinesis (slow movement/no movement), and postural instability. Most people have primary, or idiopathic, disease. A few patients have secondary parkinsonian symptoms from conditions such as brain tumors and certain anti-psychotic drugs.

Parkinson’s disease is caused by the destruction of dopamine-producing nerve cells in the midbrain (Substantia nigra). These nerve cells are used to coordinate smooth and regular body movement. In the absence of these cells, people often experience tremors (involuntary shaking or

The symptoms begin in one part of the body, such as the face, neck, vocal cords, an arm or a leg and may spread to other parts of the body. They usually increase during stress, emotional upset or fatigue and decreases during rest and sleep. Dystonia can be inherited, caused by medication or some other underlying complication, but for the most part it is not known how it is contracted. An estimated 500,000 people in the United States have been diagnosed with Dystonia with an estimated 500,000 yet to be diagnosed or were misdiagnosed, making it the third most common movement disorder behind essential tremor and Parkinson’s disease. Dystonia is a mystery to many doctors and can take years to diagnose. Dr Mahlon DeLeon, medical director of the Dystonia Medical Research Foundation says, “Dystonia’s wide variety of forms has caused the disease to be misdiagnosed and there was a period of time when physicians thought this could have been in the mind. Now the medical community understands Dystonia’s symptoms are not all psychological and the recent discovery of new genes creates opportunities for advancements in treatment and eventually a

In his report in 1908 of Auguste’s illness, he was able to take the credit and name the illness after himself because he had discovered plaque only and plaque and tangles in the brain to be different stages in the same disease process. James Parkinson observed prolonged trembling mostly in hands and feet and his descriptions on this illness was so comprehensive that his research had influenced other pathologists to study Parkinson’s. As four decades had passed, a French physician, Jean Martin Charcot named the syndrome after James Parkinson. His famous essay on the Shaking Palsy established the Syndrome and recognized it as a medical

Parkinson’s Disease is known as one of the most common progressive and chronic neurodegenerative disorders. It belongs to a group of conditions known as movement disorders. Parkinson disease is a component of hypokinetic disorder because it causes a decreased in bodily movement. It affects people who are usually over the age of 50. It can impair an individual motor as well as non-motor function. Some of the primary symptoms of Parkinson’s disease are characterized by tremors or trembling in hands, legs and arms. In early symptoms the tremor can be unilateral, appearing in one side of body but progression in the disease can cause it to spread to both sides; rigidity or a resistant to movement affects most people with Parkinson’s disease,

Tremor is the main symptom of PD but there are other simple symptoms like loss of balance, change in speech and slow movement. Many people and scientists in general believe that head damage or backbone damage as a result of accidents and other problems are the main cause of PD (Mayeux, 143). However, recent studies have indicated that psychiatric disorders are main cause of this PD. The main mental illness disorders that have been associated with PD are anxiety, affected disorders and schizophrenia. However, other issues such as trauma, depression and stress are risk factors for PD. Recent studies have provided different results on the relationship between psychiatric disorders and PD and the studied had many limitations especially due to bias and that is why this research was conducted to provide more reliable information on the relationship between psychiatric disorder and PD. However, the reliability of this research has not yet been guaranteed and that is why the study will be put under critique in this paper.

Essential tremors, the most common form of tremors, are prevalent at some scale in approximately 98% of the elderly population. This type of tremor becomes more severe with age, rendering simple daily tasks such as cooking and writing very difficult, due to the involuntary movement. With such a large percentage of senior citizens affected, much of the population would benefit from a solution to this issue. Therefore, this study demonstrates an experimental design that has been created to reduce oscillations caused by the tremors, thus increasing hand dexterity in tremor sufferers. To do this, a combination of gyroscopes and weight were made into a glove that patients could wear to counteract movement from the tremor, allowing the patient to

The four primary symptoms of PD are tremors, rigidity of movement in the limbs and trunk of the body, bradykinesia, or slowness of movement, and postural instability. The motor symptoms of PD are characterized by positive or negative symptoms, with positive symptoms indicating an excess of motor activity and negative symptoms indicating a loss of motor function. Resting tremor, rigidity, stooped posture, and poor balance make up the positive motor functions, and bradykinesia, hypokinesia (reduced motor initiation), gait disturbance, reduced facial expression, slowed speech, decreased voice amplitude, and ocular disturbances make up the negative (Zillmer, Spiers, & Culbertson, 2008). Other non-motor related symptoms of PD include depression or emotional changes, difficulty swallowing, chewing, and speaking, urinary problems or constipation, skin problems, and sleep disruptions. The early symptoms of PD are typically subtle and occur gradually, and it may be that the symptoms progress more quickly in some than others. As the disease progresses, it may become more difficult for those with PD to walk, talk, and complete their daily tasks (e.g. brushing teeth) (Riccio, 2016; NINDS,

Charcot examined a large group of patients within Salpetriere Hospital in Paris, he had developed a way to observe tremors in action and at rest. “He noted that the patients with action tremor had accompanying features of weakness, spasticity, and visual disturbance. In contrast, those with rest tremor differed in having rigidity, slowed movements, a typical hunched posture, and very soft spoken.” (Goetz 2011) Charcot early tremor studies helped to establish Parkinson’s Disease through his very high publicized findings that neurological entity could be confidently be diagnosed. In 1957 a Swedish scientist Arvid Carlsson found out that dopamine in the brain region that is important for movement control. He showed that the levels of dopamine can be reduced in animals to cause symptoms of Parkinson’s Disease and also by giving the animals levodopa (L-dopa) to reverse the symptoms of PD. PD is second most common neurodegenerative after Alzheimer’s Disease and the most common movement disorder. Over 60,000 people here in the United States are diagnosed every year but they say the numbers can be much higher with undiagnosed people out there but over one million people live with Parkinson daily.10 million people worldwide live with Parkinson’s Disease and April 11th is World Parkinson’s Day. On April 11th, 2017 marked 200 years since James Parkinson publicized his essay.

In this type no particular cause is determined but it is most prevalent form of Parkinson. It is chronic and characterized by tremors and degeneration of brain cells. Progress of this type varies from person to person. Early diagnosis is beneficial for the treatment of this type.

Parkinson’s disease (PD) and essential tremor (ET) are two of the most common movement disorders. However, misdiagnosis often exists between the two disorders because both often present with action tremor and slow movement. Currently, few tests exist to aid physicians in distinguishing these two disorders when diagnosing a patient. Though similar, discernable differences exist between the two. For instance, while up to 20% of patients with ET develop PD at some point, PD rarely has a family history (less than 10% of cases); whereas ET generally does have a family history (more than 50% of cases show a family history of “familial tremor”).2

Parkinson disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized mainly by physical and psychological disabilities. This disorder was named after James Parkinson, an English physician who first described it as shaking palsy in 1817 (Goetz, Factr, and Weiner, 2002). Jean- Martin Charcot, who was a French neurologist, then progressed and further refined the description of the disease and identified other clinical features of PD (Goetz, Factr, and Weiner, 2002). PD involves the loss of cells that produce the neurotransmitter dopamine in a part of the brain stem called the substansia nigra, which results in several signs and symptoms (Byrd, Marks, and Starr, 2000). It is manifested clinically by tremor,