Double Deviance Of Manfred Pfister

Talking, it is a form of communication that we as people do because it is our human nature to. AS humans “conversation is a ritual” (327), we speak without thinking of other meanings that our words could mean. We don’t think about appropriation, the way others may think, or take other feelings into account. WE as humans speak to interact because as mentioned earlier “Conversation is a ritual” (327). When it comes to talking there is no right way, the way society communicates it can “mislead, distort, inflate, circumvent, obfuscate” one another.

People communicate in different ways to help social interaction. Communication is not just though words it can also be though touch, facial expressions and body movement as well as written electronic messages.

3- Recognizes that we use language to get things done: we speak a language in order to communicate with others (e.g. we want to express likes and dislikes, ask somebody’s hobbies, find directions to a place).

Language is a tool used for communication and can be utilized in different ways to achieve various goals. The way in which individuals use language and the different communication styles is dependent upon many factors such as the medium used to communicate (Lipinski-Harten & Tafarodi, 2012) and the personality traits of the individual communicating (DeWall, Buffardi, Bonser, & Campbell, 2011; Oberlander & Gill, 2006). Language cues can be useful in distinguishing honesty from deceit in high-stakes lies (McQuaid, Woodworth, Hutton, Porter, & ten Brinke, 2015) as well as in everyday conversations (Duran, Hall, McCarthy, & McNamara, 2010). There are many facets to language including word count, word choice, and sentence structure, to name a few.

Communication is one of the requirements in a life. Human are social creature, they are depend on each other helps. Human communicate to fulfill their social needs.

Also, Owens (2016) suggests that language does not need speech to be meaningful. For example body language can be used as a response to a command or question like shaking your head side to side to indicate “no”. Perhaps written language like sending emails or text messages these are forms of communication. However, speech does need language to be meaningful. For instance, a child telling you “ckrts skts logedw,” the child is

Answer: D, pg. 43. “If we communicated by grunts and gestures, we would be limited to a short time span- to events taking place, those that have just taken place, or those that will take place immediately- a sort of slightly extended present.” “Without language, we would have few memories, for we associate experiences with words and then use those words to recall the experience.” “Language also extends our time horizons forward. Because language enables us to agree on times, dates, and places, it allows us to plan activities with one another.” “When we talk with one another, we are exchanging ideas about events; that is, we are sharing perspectives. Our words are the embodiment of our experiences, distilled into a readily exchangeable form, one that is mutually understandable to people who have learned that language.”

Imagine a world without communication. There would be a lack of spoken word, gestures; anything that the world uses to interconnect would be eliminated. All in all, our civilization as a whole would fall apart. Communication is one of the major roles in a functioning society. It can be broken up into several different subcategories, from verbal, non-verbal or emotion-driven. Communication sends signals to those around us and shows how language is such a prevalent part of one’s society. One thing that all forms of communication have in common is that it strikes a response or reaction. Different

The use of language and the patterns of different kind of behavior and values in a society gives a social direction to a person. Language influences the perception on individual lives in a community. It indicates that to which family of culture does a person belong to. Language can be taken as central point of a cultural aspect. Language in itself is the combination of different symbols, expression and ideas. And the idea and thoughts which people think and share with each other either verbally or nonverbally. Language helps a person to easily convey his message of thoughts to other person and to share their reality, experiences, feelings and knowledge. The use of different languages enables a society to create their own identity and to distinct them from outsiders thus the society can maintain its societal solidarity and boundaries. It can also be used as a tool to translate the expressions of abstract concepts and to differ the transmitting culture between the generations. The correct use of language helps people to describe relationships rather than judging or evaluate between the nature of others. Language also portraits the reality of a society indeed which are not in fronting thought must be viewed as important. This medium to communicate with other in a society has been passed down for centuries as legacy. It is the language which represents a country in front of others, and thus become a main source of

In this technique, understanding is suggested not through conscious evaluations – like those of a chorus aware of everything, a character specially endowed with authority, or the observers who interpret a central referent – but through devices of speech that implicitly reveal a level of awareness beyond the speaker’s own comprehension. By introducing changes of tone, images, allusions, ambiguous words, and variation in sound, or by making a speech from words, images, and symbols repeated or duplicated in other contexts, the dramatist “breaks the barrier of human limitations of his individualized characters.” Through these devices, the dramatist creates authoritative dramatic facts relevant to all the characters. None of these stylistic devices can function alone. They acquire their significance from the general context of the action, which, they in turn try help to elucidate through their own contributions. Each of these stylistic devices works with other devices, of language and structure, in provoking the spectators to view the action as a whole in a certain perspective. This lack of autonomy is especially true of the sound pattern into which the dramatist shapes his words, that is, the pattern produced by variations in stress and pitch, differences in the placement and duration of pauses, the relationships between individual words or lines, the presence or absence of rhyme, and the contrast of one speaking voice with another. While it is possible to isolate and describe this pattern, the resulting description can embody no specific meaning. The sound pattern may have only appropriateness, meaning that the emotion articulated by the content of expressive words determines their arrangement. Nevertheless, in many instances sound devices lead the spectator toward a clearer understanding of the situation presented. Rhyme implies a

In a genre that contradicts a novelist's affluence of narrative explication, the language in its purest form becomes Shakespeare's powerful instrument, wherein he controls it with the unusual combination of force, subtlety, and exactitude”

The expression ‘Conversation Analysis’ is at this point solidly settled as the name for a specific worldview in the investigation of verbal communication that was started in the 1960s by Harvey Sacks, as a team with Emanuel Schegloff and Gail Jefferson. In Conversation Analysis the attention is on the procedural examination of talk-in-cooperation, how members deliberately sort out their connections to take care of a scope of authoritative issues, for example, the dispersion of turns at talking, the community oriented creation of specific activities, or issues of comprehension. The investigation is constantly in view of sound or visual recordings of collaboration, which are precisely interpreted in subtle elements. The exploration ought to be data driven, as in ideas and speculations ought to be founded on watchful thoughts of the information, recordings and transcripts, as opposed to drawn from hypothetical assumptions or ideological inclinations. While initially imagined from a sociological point of view, Conversation Analysis picked up a far reaching gathering in numerous parts of the world by scientists from a scope of disciplinary foundations, including: brain science, human sciences, correspondence ponders and an assortment of phonetic sub-disciplines. As a

Language plays a role in motivation and response and the effects of social life language plays an important role in how language is used. How people define the social situation, their perception of others, what they think and believe will form the content of their act of speaking (Gilbert, Fisk & Lindsey 1998).

A wise man once said, “Words are singularly the most powerful force available to humanity. We can choose to use this force constructively with words of encouragement, or destructively using words of despair. Words have energy and power with the ability to help, to heal, to hinder, to hurt, to harm, to humiliate and to humble.” Our experiences with communication and the relationships we build because of it is due to the intricate mechanisms of speech and how it is produced. Although the structures involved in the production of speech are designed for biological purposes, humans have learned that speech is an overlaid function. The process of communication involves the parts of the brain accountable for speech in a receptive and expressive manner known as the Speech Chain. There are three essential and inextricable mechanisms responsible for the production of speech: respiration, phonation, and articulation.

Since the beginning of time, humans utilized the mechanism of speech to interact with each other and to gain specific needs and benefits. The emergence of Homo sapiens finally revolutionized the way humans achieve what they wants. Humans are assumed as a magnificent creature and consequently each cultures has its own tale on how we became exist and prominent on the Earth (Long, 1963). Speech and language are among the pivotal keys to the purposes of social communication. In this paper, I will discuss about the foundation of speech in humans.