Down Syndrome Research Paper

Down syndrome occurs in people who were born with three, rather than two, copies of the 21st chromosome. This extra genetic material is what brings about the effects of Down’s syndrome. It is often characterized by an impairment of cognitive (process of thought) ability. Most people with Down syndrome have lower than average, mild to moderate, cognitive ability and this cannot be predicted at birth. A smaller number fall into the severe impairment range. Physically, people with Down’s syndrome are smaller in stature, have less muscle tone, and have noticeably different facial features. The number of these births occurs approximately in one out of every one thousand (ndss.org). As of 2007, the number of people in the United States with Down syndrome stood at about 350,000. These numbers will shrink because now (most) potential parents can know the condition of the fetus early. This information is included to let the reader relate to the struggles that some with Down syndrome goes through.

Thousands of babies are born a day in the United States. One out every 691 babies born has Down syndrome, a disorder caused by an extra copy of the chromosome twenty one. In short, this syndrome shortens the person’s life span, and causes assorted severity of mental retardation. Those carrying this extra chromosome have flattened noses, rounder faces, are petite in size, and are much more prone to additional unhealthy disturbances or effects on substantial systems in the body.

Down Syndrome is a medical condition that causes a delay in how a child develops, both mentally and physically. Each year, about 6,000 babies are born with Down Syndrome (DS), which is about 1 in 700 babies born. The cause of DS is unknown, meaning scientists don’t know how people get it, but we do know how it happens after the diagnosis. A baby is usually born with 46 chromosomes, 23 from each parent. Most likely is a DS case, the child has 47 chromosomes and has an extra “chromosome 21”. The extra genetic material is why children get DS, but scientists don’t know how it happens.

“According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, one in 700 babies within the United States is born with Down syndrome. This makes Down syndrome the most common chromosomal condition, and about 6,000 babies with Down syndrome are born in the United States each year. In 1866 down syndrome was described as a disorder but there was no evidence on what caused it. Later in 1959 it was discovered that down syndrome was a genetic disorder that it was mostly known for delays in cognitive development. Down syndrome can lead to mild or moderate learning disabilities, unique facial characteristics, and low muscle tone in infancy.” Although here is no cure for Down syndrome the way we can help is by giving them the education and proper care so that they will have endless opportunities.

People all over the world are diagnosed with a terrible disease called Down Syndrome. It was discovered by a british physician who was known as Dr. Langdon Down back in 1866 in Britain. This disease causes children to be born with physical and mental abnormalities. With so many children having this disease parents wonder what they have done to cause this curse, but it isn’t their fault. It is simply a random error in cell division which causes an extra copy of chromosome 21. It is mostly inherited at a very young age if not in the womb or after birth. There is no specific treatment for this disease. The only diagnosis for this disease is therapy and help throughout these people's’ everyday lives.

Down syndrome, also known as trisomy 21, is a genetic disorder caused by a third duplicate of chromosome 21. Down syndrome was first recognized as a distinct condition in 1866 by John Langdon Down, after whom the disease is named. Until 1970, the disorder was known as Mongolism and only recently become accepted as “down” syndrome. In 1959, French geneticist Professor Jerome Jejune discovered an extra chromosome to be the cause for the physical and intellectual abnormalities seen in individuals with DS. (Kazemi, Shojaei, & Sadighi, 2016). Down syndrome affects approximately one in every 1200 babies that are born, making it the most common genetic disorder. (Jobling, Virji- Babuls, & Nichols, 2006).

Down syndrome is an increasingly prevalent disease in the US. It is a genetic disease that is caused by an extra 21st chromosome. One in about every 800 live births has Down syndrome. Down syndrome is the most common form of both identifiable retardation and genetic diseases. Genetics is the study of how certain traits are passed from parents to their children. Genes are the basic unit of heredity. Cells are the building blocks of a person’s body. We each have more than a trillion cells. Our genes are located in chromosomes. Each cell has 46 chromosomes or 23 pairs. In the 1900’s, French researcher, Mr. Lejeune, identified Down syndrome as a chromosomal condition. He observed 47 chromosomes in the cells of individuals with Down syndrome,

Down syndrome is a chromosomal condition related to chromosome 21. Down syndrome is a defect in the chromosomes causing intellectual impairment. Down syndrome is a very serious and sad disease but some people have said that it has brought more love into their home.

Cause/ Type of mutation: The most common form of Down syndrome is identified as trisomy 21. It’s a condition in which individuals have 47 chromosomes in each cell instead of 46. The cause of trisomy 21 is due to an error in cell division which is identified as nondisjunction in which leaves a sperm or egg cell with an extra copy of chromosomes 21 before or at conception.

Down syndrome, also known as Trisomy 21, was first discovered in 1959 by a French physician named Jérôme Lejeune. He identified down syndrome as a chromosomal condition after noticing that there was a extra copy of chromosome 21 in the individual. Chromosomes are small “packages” of genes that carry hereditary information. They determine how a person will look, how their body functions, and traits they will carry. Normally, the human body contains exactly 46 chromosomes but when down syndrome occurs, the child has 47 chromosomes in the cell.

disorder that affects many people. About one in every 691 babies is born with Down

Down syndrome is sometimes called trisomy 21. This results from a chromosome disorder that results in an extra chromosome or a part of a third chromosome within the cells of a person (Blackman, 1990). “It was first identified by John Langdon Down in 1866” (Carr, 1995, p.1). Down syndrome causes learning disabilities, developmental delays, and health problems that can be very severe.

Down syndrome is a genetic disorder in which a person is born with an extra copy of chromosome 21. There are three genetic variations that cause Down syndrome: Trisomy 21, Mosaic Trisomy 21 or Translocation Trisomy 21. There are many ways in which theses disorders affect the body.  Trisomy 21 occurs when an egg or sperm comes in with an extra copy of chromosome 21, then, once an embryo is formed and starts to develop, the chromosome is replicated in every single cell of the embryo. Trisomy 21 is the most common type of Down syndrome. About 92% of Down syndrome patients have this type. People with Trisomy usually have physical problems.

To begin ,Down syndrome is a chromosomal disorder that results when a person inherits all or part of an extra copy of chromosome 21. This can occur in a variety of ways, the causes of which are unknown. The most common chromosomal abnormality that produces Down syndrome (accounting for 95% of all cases) is Trisomy 21, a defect in which an extra, third copy chromosome is present in every cell in the body. According to Parenting Magazine the number of Down syndrome births is relatively low for 18-yr-old mothers—1 in about 2100 births. In the later childbearing years the risk in creases—1 in 1000 births for 30-yr-old women to 1 in about 100 births for 40-yr-old women. Two other chromosomal abnormalities cause Down syndrome and occur in about

Down's Syndrome, it is one of the most frequently occurring chromosomal abnormalities found in humans effecting people of all ages, races and economic levels. It is a chromosomal anomaly in cell development that results in a person being born with forty-seven chromosomes instead of the normal forty-six chromosomes. People with Down syndrome may have mild to severe learning disabilities and physical symptoms, which include a small skull, extra folds of skin under the eyes, and a protruding tongue.