Ms. T is an eight year old African American female that presents to Dr. Bill’s Kids today with complaints of her tonsils bothering her again. She has been to this office three times in the past three months with complaints of swollen tonsils and painful swallowing. Each time, she has tested positive for Group A Streptococcus also known as GAS. Her mother is with her today and reports that she had strep throat in the past multiple times about two or three times a year, but it is becoming much more frequent. She began complaining of scratchy throat in the morning and at night, but the symptoms quickly progressed to painful swallowing of solids and liquids. Popsicles are the only thing she will even consider eating at this time because they alleviate the pain.
Subjective Data Ms. T has no past surgical history at this time. She had previous episodes of Group A Streptococcus in the past relieved by Amoxicillin, but the last time this medication did not seem to work as good. She takes Flonase and Claritin daily for her severe allergies. She has no other past medical history other than recurring GAS, constipation, hand, foot, and mouth as a toddler, and a few episodes of gastroenteritis, when she started day care. She has no known allergies or medication intolerances. Ms. T lives with her mother, which has no chronic medical conditions. Her father is healthy other than some lower back pain from work. She has two smaller siblings that are healthy. Her maternal grandmother is
“As a surgeon you have to have a controlled arrogance. If it's uncontrolled, you kill people, but you have to be pretty arrogant to saw through a person's chest, take out their heart and believe you can fix it. Then, when you succeed and the patient survives, you pray, because it's only by the grace of God that you get there.”-Mehmet Oz. One never considers themselves able to accomplish something great until they meet someone great who has already acquired insight of the world from the other side, the side where all of the talented men dwell. A young girl does not grow up dreaming of becoming an oral surgeon; she dreams of traveling and seeing the world outside of the walls of her small town. I had already had my fair share of adventure, having more surgeries than my mother had by the time I was three months old. I had what specialists call Van der Woude Syndrome. Basically, I was the 1 in 100,000 babies in the world who happened to have this genetic disorder. A key characteristic of Van der Woude Syndrome is a cleft lip. With that being said, I had many surgeons in my lifetime, but one man stuck out. Maybe it was because it was one of the biggest surgeries I had, or maybe, just maybe it was because God had put him in my path to inspire me for greatness.
Streptococcus pyogenes, also known as Group A streptococcus (GAS), is a β-hemolytic, Gram-positive bacterium that most commonly causes respiratory disease, including pharyngitis or tonsillitis, as well as skin infections such as impetigo and cellulitis. The organism is transmitted via respiratory droplets or by contact with fomites, and commonly infects young children. In addition to the common clinical presentations associated with S. pyogenes, some individuals develop the postinfectious sequelae of rheumatic fever and glomerulonephritis. Due to the severity of these medical consequences, prophylactic antibiotic use is often recommended for any patients with otherwise mild S. pyogenes infections (21).
Initial diagnosis of Streptococcal pharyngitis is determined by a point system awarding 1 point for each of the following; temperature greater than 38 C, absence of cough, tender anterior cervical lymph nodes, tonsillar swelling, age younger than 15, subtracting a point for age older than 45. If these symptoms are met, a rapid strep test will be performed before antibiotics are given, a precaution taken to prevent super-bugs from developing.
Streptococcus pharyngitis is a bacterial infection of the throat caused by Streptococcus pyogenes, also known as group A Streptococcus. It can causes throat pain, difficulty with swallowing, red and swollen tonsils which can be accompanied with white patches or streaks of pus, red spots on the palate, swollen lymph glands in the neck, fever, headache, rash, stomach ache, and fatigue. It can lead to more serious conditions such as scarlet fever, inflammation of the kidneys, and rheumatic fever. When Streptococcus pharyngitis is suspected, usually a rapid antigen test is run but a throat culture also needs to be done. Treatment is usually Penicillin and Amoxicillin for children. Nursing intervention for Streptococcus pharyngitis is to make sure the patient gets plenty of rest and also to push fluids to keep the back of the throat lubricated and to prevent dehydration (http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/strep-throat/basics/definition/con-20022811).
It is the provider’s plan to prescribe Amoxicillin 50mg/kg/day once daily for 10 days (Cash & Glass, 2014). The child will take 2 and 3/4 teaspoons by mouth daily for 10 days for the diagnosis of strep throat (Epocrates, 2016). In addition, the child will need to remain on the Zyrtec 5mg by mouth daily for allergies and continue taking Tylenol liquid ½ tsp by mouth every 4-6 hours for pain and fever (Epocrates, 2016). Another concern with pharyngitis is hydration levels. Suggestions include use of Pedialyte liquid and popsicles, and the encouragement of other fluids to maintain adequate hydration. The provider explains to the parents via a translator that the decrease in appetite is normal and it is okay if he eats less. The main concern is fluid intake. If the condition worsens or does not improve in seven days, the child should return to the
The client reports no medical problems. Her mother stated she was a healthy baby and was an early walker. During childhood, she had the chicken pox, measles, and a severe case of head lice. She was a physically active child, preferring outside sports, with boys. She denies taking any medication or any over the counter medications. No allergies of food sensitivities were reported. She states she dates, but she is still a
Streptococcal Pharyngitis in Children is an illness most commonly known as ‘strep throat’. Even though a person of any age can get infected with strep throat it is very common in children. There have been many myths as to what causes strep throat and many times children go untreated or under diagnosed. Throughout this informational report it will be provided basic information about streptococcal pharyngitis that researchers and Medical Providers have left for the audience to review, as well as first line of treatments that are most commonly used when a patients strep test is warranted positive, in addition statistics will be included on children vs. adult treatments and symptoms.
For some reason my sister also gets strep a lot, they told us it was due to eating a lot of ice. My sister also has never had tonsillitis. While doing research I found that Strep and tonsillitis both are an infection causing the throat to become sore. The only real difference is with strep the patient will experience sever soreness to their throat. With tonsillitis the tonsils are inflamed and strep it‘s a specific bacteria that also inflame the throat. I’ve attached a great article on the difference between the two
Most often strep throat is associated with painful sore throat with pharyngeal exudate and fever greater than 101 oF (Gerzevitz et al., 2011, p.315). Patient exam revealed no exudate on tonsils, nor were they swollen or erythematous. The patient’s sore throat was likely a result of her coughing, which was in association with her asthma exacerbation. Diagnosis can be made using a rapid Streptococcal Antigen test (Rapid Strep) (Gerzevitz et al., 2011, p.316). For this patient a Rapid Strep was conducted and the results were negative. With Rapid Strep tests being highly sensitive and specific, the physician I was working with did not find it necessary to send the sample out for a culture (Gerzevitz et al., 2011, p.316). Based on the patient’s symptoms of cough and wheezing, in addition to the negative Rapid Strep, we were able to rule out this
The throat infection in the 6-year old child is most likely cause by a group A beta hemolytic streptococcal infection. APGN is not cause by the bacteria itself, but by the body’s infection fighting (immune) system. Natural recovery usually occurs after an acute illness, hence, no treatment required.
In the episode, A Study in Pink from the television show Sherlock one of the main secondary characters are Dr. John Watson. Dr. Watson unlike most of the other characters actually shows his appreciation for Sherlock Holmes brilliant findings. He complements Holmes on how he pays close attention to the markings on his cellular phone that gave evidence that the previous owner had a drinking problem. Dr. John Watson said, “How can you possibly know about the drinking?” Sherlock Holmes then responds by saying “Shot in the dark. Good one, though. Power connection - tiny little scuff marks around the edge. Every night he goes to plug it in and charge but his hands are shaky. You never see those marks on a sober man's phone, never see a drunk without
Symptoms and signs of Group A streptococcal disease are variable and are related to the body area that is undergoing the infection; for example this infection can produce many different signs and symptoms: from having just a little redness in the throat, sore throat irritation with swallowing, white patches on tonsils, swollen lymph nodes on the neck, fever; pharyngitis with fever and white patches on tonsils, having strep throat/tonsillitis, to low blood pressure and organ failure.
Streptococcal pharyngitis is an infection that causes a sore throat or pharyngitis. The causative agent is a bacteria called Group A Streptococcus bacteria, which is commonly found in the throat and on the skin. The infection is typically not serious, and carry mild or no symptoms, however there are rare cases that are more severe and
She doesn’t recall any sick contacts, but her husband is a minister, and she mingles with members of his congregation three to four days a week. On physical exam her oral pharynx is slightly erythematous but there is no cobblestoning and her nasal turbinates are neither pale nor inflamed. She has no lymphadenopathy, and her lungs sound clear without any wheezing or crackles.
* Prior to performing A.’s physical assessment, I gathered information over her diagnosis tonsillectomy, adenoidectomy, and vitiligo and any passed medical problems to be aware of. I then introduced myself to A. and her family and asked her if she wanted her grandparents to stay in the room during her physical assessment. I then explained the process of starting at her head and working downward to her feet by providing privacy throughout the whole assessment. First I started, by observing her appearance and behavior and how well A. communicated with me, A.’s behavior was calm, cooperative and appropriate for her age. I assessed PERRLA in both eyes, her pupils were a 3, equal, round, reactive to light and accommodated. I assessed her mucus membranes which were pink and moist along with assessing her throat by looking at the back of throat and checking for bleeding , whitish area, and odor. I then asked her if she had any frequent swallowing and trickling of blood in her throat. A. stated she did not have any frequent swallowing or blood in her throat just some soreness and discomfort in her throat. A.’s throat had white areas on both sides where the tonsils were removed with no bleeding. I auscultated her heart and lungs, and heard S1S2 and her