Drosophila Lab Paper

The expected number of wild type flies in the F2 generation is 734.25 and the expected number of shaven bristle flies in the F2 generation is 244.75. This, again, exhibits a 3:1 ratio of normal phenotype to affected phenotype.

Introduction: The intention of this lab was to gain a better understanding of Mendelian genetics and inheritance patterns of the drosophila fruit fly. This was tasked through inspecting phenotypes present in the dihybrid crosses performed on the flies. An experimental virtual fly lab assignment was also used to analyze the inheritance patterns. Specifically, the purpose of our drosophila crosses is to establish which phenotypes are dominant/recessive, if the traits are inherited through autosome or sex chromosomes and whether independent assortment or linkage is responsible for the expressed traits.

With the presence of natural selection (fly paper hanging from top of cage) posing a larger threat to the wild flies b/c they can fly better, this will allow vestigial flies to prosper better.

The materials and methods are adapted from Evolution Lab Manual, Lab One: The Fly Lab (Welsh, 2016). The stock bottles contained true breeding homozygous flies of either ebony body or wild-type body (tan). The fruit fly was observed because it is easily cultured, it has a two week generation time at 21-23°C, it occupies little storage space, and it is large enough to see phenotypic traits. Two cultures were set up with an equal number of flies with each trait, to start with an initial allele frequency of p=0.5.

To create the fly culture vials,

It would be expected that the mutant F1 flies would be heterozygous for the allele responsible for the grounded trait. If two F1 flies were mated, the percentage of flies that would be expected to be wildtype in the F2 generation would be 25% mutants given that the mutant allele (ap) is predicted to be recessive and, leaving 75% to be wildtype (ap+).

To start, a fly anesthetic was used named “FlyNap” to anesthetize the drosophila melanogaster. A fur wire was then dipped into the FlyNap and then placed into the vial with the vial on its side being careful not to uncork the foam plug. After about a minute the drosophila melanogaster become unconscious. The unconscious drosophila melanogaster are then swept onto a plate with a small paintbrush. Once they are on a plate they are then to be scored with a compound microscope. For the experiment five females and five males were required to be placed in vial with at the bottom of this vial were some parts dry fly food, mixed water, and granules of yeast. While keeping the vial sideways sliding a small portion of plastic netting and then

11. The progeny of a Drosophila female (heterozygous at three loci: y, ct, and w) crossed to a wild type male are listed below:

A determining factor for how rapid the life cycle of Drosophila’s occurs is the environment. The first hypothesis for this experiment was, it is expected for the parents placed in the vials to die in increased temperature after one week. Also it was expected a new generation would be present in both vials after one week with the expectation of the progeny in the early larvae stage. The final hypothesis was there won’t be too much of a difference in the vials simply because the temperature difference was not

Proteins are large complex molecules that are made of one or more chains of amino acids. They play an important role in the cellular life as they are involved in human’s physiology. Many diseases in humans are caused by mutations in DNA coding. These mutations lead to defective proteins. Investigating these diseases can be very challenging because using human subjects for research involve many health risks and the long human’ life span results in the lack of information about the genomic aspect of these diseases. In order to overcome these constraints, researchers use non-humans’ models to study human diseases. Indeed, many studies have revealed proteins homology among organisms. Proteins that share the same family and functions are categorized as protein domains. These

The parents are both homozygous. The homozygous dominant would represent the wild type. And the homozygous recessive would represent the other fly parent of a different strain. The F1 generation would consist of 100% Wild Type but they would all be heterozygous in carrying the recessive gene.

Drosophila melanogaster was chosen for the experiment as it is the archetype for population genetics. Drosophila is a model organism for population genetics just as the house mouse has become a model organism (Powell, 1997). The benefits of using Drosophila in this experiment is that it has a short life cycle along with a fast

An experiment was conducted to test the effects of different carbon dioxide concentrations on the mutations of later generations of Drosophila melanogaster. The model organism, Drosophila melanogaster, commonly known as the fruit fly is used widely in many fields of developmental studies because of its traits of fast reproduction rate, Hox genes, and low maintenance. In addition, the type of Hox genes tested in the Drosophila melanogaster, or the gene most susceptible to alteration from the increased CO2 emissions, are the Hom-C ANTp genes. The subset of genes is relatable to the Hox-A A6 genes in humans. It was hypothesized that an increase in the CO2 concentrations will cause the future generations of fruit flies to exhibit signs of genetic

Drosophila melanogaster stocks used for the behavior assays (2-choice assay and tracking assay) and molecular analysis (qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry), include the wild type Canton-S (CS) line, the UAS-GABA (B)-RX-RNAi (Root et al., 2008) (where X represents receptor subtype 1, 2, or 3), and Or X-Gal4 lines (Or 47a Gal4 and Or 42b Gal4), GH-146 Gal4, Orco-Gal4, 10x; UAS-CD8; GFP were purchased from the Bloomington stock center (http://flystocks.bio.indiana.edu). Virgin female flies from UAS-GABA (B) R1-RNAi line were crossed to males from Or 47a Gal4, also UAS-GABA (B) R1-RNAi females were crossed to males of Or 42b Gal4. Similar crosses were made using UAS-GABA (B) R2-RNAi and UAS-GABA (B) R3-RNAi lines and Or 47a and

Some larva containing vials had hatched into flies. Counting of the flies began at this point. As flies started to grow, at different rates for each vial, with in the first seven days after all larva had hatched the flies were counted. The procedure was done according to theDrosophila manual (45-2620)