Drug Elimination And Exponential Relationships

Radiometric dating is still being used today. Modern uranium-lead radioactive dating of meteorites and earth materials gives us today's estimate that the earth is about 4.5 billion years

We have developed a lot of new technology to all us to do fairly accurate carbon dating; that alone has changed previously established theories. There is so much about our planet that we do not know or completely understand, and part of it is we do not have the ability to process the evidence we have correctly, or the evidence that was there, no longer exists because it has decomposed, or broken down into the the dirt and the soil.

What is radiocarbon dating? “Radiocarbon dating (also referred to as carbon dating or carbon-14 dating) is a method for determining the age of an object containing organic material by using the properties of radiocarbon (14C), a radioactive isotope of carbon.” (Wikipedia) Scientists have determined the Age of the Earth to be four point five hundred and forty-three billion years old. But, Red platelets and hemoglobin have been found in a few unfossilized dinosaur bone. Be that as it may, these couldn't last more than a couple of thousand years—surely not the 65 million years from when evolutionists think the last dinosaur lived. Helium is filling the climate from radioactive rot, however very little is getting away. In any case, the aggregate sum in the environment is just 1/2000 of that normal if the air were truly billions of years old. This helium initially got away from rocks. This happens entirely quickly, yet so much helium is still in some stones that it couldn't have had sufficient energy to get away. Of course nothing can be proven for sure and many creation scientists know this. But many of the modern dating methods depend on unprovable

According to Brad Peroney (2014), Carbon dating compares the amount of radioactive carbon to ordinary carbon in old objects to figure out how long ago something, or someone lived (Peroney, 2014). Carbon dating also called as radioactive carbon or carbon-14 dating is a method of age determination that depends upon the decay to nitrogen of radiocarbon (carbon-dating, 2015).Carbon-14 is continually formed in nature by the interaction of neutrons with nitrogen-14 in the

In present day DNA techniques, fossils remain an vital clue to how life has evolved. We can date fossils by looking at what layer of rock it is located in, or by radioactive material that breaks down at a certain pace after the rock formed. Another dating method is based on the fact that the Earth’s rotation is slowing down so that days are getting longer and years are getting shorter – 380 million years ago, a year had 396 days and a day had 22 hours. Some organisms have growth markers for both day and year that are preserved in their fossil and can be dated this

A: This isotope would not be very useful for dating bones that are over a million years old. This is because carbon is in the living plants and animals since they consume nutrients with it and the air they breathe contains it. When

Cancer unlike other illnesses is very unique in the fact we have to accept a certain level of toxicity well above that of any other group of pharmacologic agents. It is the toxicity of these agents which is the single most important factor preventing their use in doses that could often be curative. Ultimately the utility of most chemotherapy drugs depends on their therapeutic-to-toxic ratio, comparing the good and bad effects (Alwood et al, 1997). Other variables include the severity, predictability and reversibility of side effects. Although we are learning a lot more about the predictive side effects of many individual cancer drugs, most cancer patients require multi-drug therapies. Cancer patients often have chemotherapy regimens consisting of three or four different compounds along with other supportive therapy.

One of the most commonly known fossil dating methods is carbon 14 dating. Carbon 14 dating is measures the radioactive decay of carbon. Carbon has a half life of 5,568 years, so this can be a very effective depending on the literal age of the object, for example dating organisms like the neanderthal man and ice age animals). Carbon dating is only reliable when going up to 60,000 years ago not back multiple million years ago. This is how dating fossils is an inaccurate and does not support the modern theory of evolution.

Since 1973 the DEA (Drug Enforcement Administration) has worked to eradicate harmful, illegal drugs. The DEA is very effective in three ways: organization, arrests made and decreased drug use. The work done to end drugs has made our country a safer place. Without the DEA, drug availability would be much more abundant.

The key principle behind radiocarbon-14 dating is plants and animals exchange carbon with their surroundings and thus contain the same ratio of carbon-12 to carbon-14 once an organism dies it no longer exchanges carbon with its surroundings. The carbon-14 will slowly decay at a known rate decreasing the ratio of carbon-12 to carbon-14. Since the decay rate and original ratio of carbon-12 to carbon-14 is known we can determine how old a sample is by the amount of carbon-14 remaining. There are two ways to measure the carbon-12 to carbon-14 ratio. The first being beta counting. Beta counting was the first method used to measure carbon-14 levels in a sample. Two different type of beta counting were primarily used. The first of those being liquid

Half life is a term used to determine how long it will take for a drug to be eliminated from the body (Preston, O’Neal & Talaga, 2017).  However the term steady states is used when the medication reaches at period where the amount still in the body is the same as being removed (Preston et al., 2017). The steady state typically is reached after four half-lives once it has been given (Preston et al., 2017). Therefore a drug that has a half life of six hours it would roughly take 24 hours to be eliminated once it was taken. This is determined by the example given in the text, Handbook of clinical psychopharmacology for therapist (Preston, et al., 2017). “If half-life is twenty-four hours, then the steady state is usually reached in four days”

Pharmacokinetics (PK) is a complex process even for healthy patients. The whole body, as a system, remains unpredictable in many of its responses to drugs. That being said we have elucidated many of the body processes and have designed drugs and drug therapy regimens around new evidence and models. PK is broken down into four pats: administration, distribution, metabolism, and excretion. Absorption refers to the drug entering the body; distribution to the spread of the drug to tissues, organs and throughout the blood; metabolism is the processing of drugs by enzymes in the body, such as the cytochrome P450 liver enzymes; and excretion is drug removal from the body. As the body ages, all of these areas is affected.

Over time, objects start to lose their carbon and you can determine how old something is by looking at the amount of carbon that is left. Carbon dating was also used as a tool for determining changes in climate in glaciers and sea ice. Many animals need sea ice to find food and to live on. If sea ice continues to change, melt, and spread further apart, animals aren’t going to be able to adapt to this new situation. Carbon dating was used on the glacier Qori Kalis. Well-reserved plants were found as the glacier melted and the amount of carbon in them suggests that they were buried there about 5,200 years ago. Over the last five years sea ice in North America and in Greenland that has lasted for at least a season declined by 60%. Carbon dating shows us what is happening to animals homes and homes for their food. Penguins, polar bears, narwhals, walruses, and seals are all dependent on sea ice for their home and on other animals that live on sea ice for their

There are two types of radiocarbon dating, "Absolute Dating", which gives an approximate age of organic material, and "Relative Dating", which gives a history of events, rather than an age. The most common isotope used is Carbon-14 because it is rare in the atmosphere and the burning of fossil fuels barely changes the concentration found in the atmosphere. Carbon-12 and Carbon-13 isotopes are more common in the atmosphere, but the burning of fossil fuels increases their abundance, therefore, making them less reliable ("Radiocarbon-14 Dating"). When performing Absolute Dating using Carbon-14 isotopes, the age is determined based on the amount of decay to the Nitrogen particles. Carbon-14 decays at a constant rate, so an estimation of when the organism died can be made by measuring the amount of carbon present in the organism ("Carbon-14"). Although Carbon-14 is the best known and most used dating method, its half-life is 5730 years, plus or minus 40, therefore it's unable to date material that is millions of years old ("Foundational"). Carbon-14 dating is used in environmental sciences, archaeology, anthropology, and geology. Radiocarbon dating is used to date organic material, as long as there is carbon still present ("Radiocarbon-14

estimate of the true calendar age. The process of converting a radiocarbon age to a