Drug Research Paper

Methadone maintenance therapy is the primary go to source for addicts looking to quit the street drug, heroin. Methadone on it's own has its own number of controversies within society. However add on the fact that a number of patients that attend the meth clinic that is pregnant, well this can add additional controversy and raise ethical implications as well. Ultimately the child is better off when not being subjected to harmful substances such as drugs an alcohol. However when given the choice of heroin or methadone, we will examine what the benefits of methadone maintenance therapy can provide the mother, and the fetus. Methadone clinics provide a safe form of the drug with clean needles which helps cut the spread of HIV/AIDS among the population. While the client is at the clinic it is a good time to reach out and provide the future mother with resources that may help her once her child is born. Clinicians can also take advantage of this meeting time to reach out to the mother and inform her on the benefits of attending a treatment facility to help achieve sobriety.

In its prescription form, fentanyl is known as Actiq, Duragesic, and Sublimaze and it is used for managing severe pain in post operation or in cancer patients. It is 100 times more potent than heroin and morphine, the other familiar opioid group members. On the street it can be found in many variations, both as addition to heroin to offset the poor quality after the “cutting”, or in its basic form. Street names for the drug include Apache, China girl, China white, dance fever, friend,

Methadone is a synthetic opioid drug which was first used in World War II for the treatment of pain. Since then, methadone has become a popular choice for treating those addicted to other opioid drugs such as heroin, oxycodone, morphine, and hydrocodone. It is used to reduce dependency and the treatment should help them become clean. Even though, the policy of giving methadone to drug addicts is not a cure, it is a good one. Fortunately, the Methadone Maintenance Treatment (MMT) is a reliable way for those with an opioid addiction to stop and not restart the use of opioids. For many, methadone treatment provides an opportunity to regain balance in both lifestyle and priorities. (“Opiate Addiction and Treatment Resource”). Everyone deserves

Methadone is taken in orally and survives through the digestive system so there is no need to be injected into the patient. It reaches the brain slowly, dampening the “high” that would occur with other routes of administration while also preventing withdrawal symptoms (Heroin, 2014). The advantages of using methadone for heroin addicts are its comparatively low cost and long half-life. According to the Center for Disease Control, methadone helps to restore a degree of normalcy to brain function and behavior, resulting in increased employment rates and lower risk of HIV and other diseases and criminal behavior (Methadone Maintence Treatment, 2002). However, there are a variety of different effective treatments that are available for heroin addiction, including both behavioral therapies and medications. Heroin addicts should be place on less addictive medications like Burenorphine before being placed on Methadone. Buprenorphine, overall, is safer than methadone, and it is easier for an addict to stop buprenorphine than to detox from methadone (Heroin,

During World War II, the United States and our allies cut off Germany’s opium supply. As a result, German scientists developed methadone in 1937 as an attempt to develop a synthetic opioid that could be created with readily available precursors in order to solve Germany’s opium shortage. These scientists were working for I.G. Farbenindustrie AG at the Farbwerke Hoechst. Upon completion of the war, Farbwerke Hoechst was required by the U.S. Department of Commerce to relinquish all patents, trade names, and research records. In 1947, the Council on Pharmacy and Chemistry of the American Medical Association gave the drug its generic name “methadone”. As the patent rights of “methadone” were no longer protected, any pharmaceutical company interested in the product could invest with ease. In 1947, Eli Lilly and Company became the first pharmaceutical company to introduce methadone into the United

The abuse of methamphetamines in the United States seems to have started during the “Great Depression” and increased during WWI, WWII, and Viet Nam. Many times, amphetamines were prescribed by the government and the military to keep fighting soldiers going. After returning from their tour of duty, many soldiers returned home addicted to the drug. Also during the 50’s and 60’s, amphetamines were being used as a weight loss medication. But eventually began to be abused by the users.

As I have mentioned, inhaled nitric oxide, epoprostenol, iloprost, and sildenafil are the common treatment for pulmonary hypertension that I would encounter in the hospital where I am currently employed. Nitric oxide and iloprost are administered through inhalation, epoprostenol by continuous intravenous infusion, and sildenafil is taken orally. The main advantage of inhaled route for the treatment of PH is the direct delivery of drug to the target organ thus, reducing the systemic side effects (Hill, Preston, & Roberts, 2015). It also improves the gas exchange by dilating the vessels supplying the ventilated areas (Hill et al., 2015).

Some of the dependence people would do to take methamphetamine is having more time. One addict took meth so he can work 24 hours a day up to two weeks. Taking meth can have serious side effects like severe depression and inability to eat or sleep. The body also gets affected; one of the affects is called meth mouth. The teeth starts to deteriorates due to grind and the chemicals, which wear away the enamel and the gums, the salivary glands dry out which causes the teeth rots and decay. The appeal of methamphetamine is that it gives the brain high levels of dopamine. They contend to use the drug because of the high levels of dopamine and it’s hard to get off the drug.

The widespread use of the drug LSD was formally introduced by Albert Hofmann, a well known chemist that was working in the Sandoz Pharamaceutical around 1938, in hopes of creating a blood stimulant. The stimulant however, had hallucinogenic effects in which were discovered until 1943 when Hofmann aciddentally consumed LSD. Finding that an oral dose of little as twenty-five micrograms is capable of producing hallucinations.

The health issues listed here are just a glance at what this drug can do to one’s health.

Past History: Smokes ½ a pack of cigarettes per day (since she was a teenager)

Methamphetamine: a synthetic drug with more rapid lasting effects than amphetamine, used illegally as a stimulant and as a prescription drug to treat narcolepsy and maintain blood pressure. Street Names: Meth, speed, crank, zip, chalk, ice, crystal. Drug Classification: Schedule II, stimulant. Methamphetamine has been around for quite a while, it takes it back to “Amphetamine,” which was made in 1887 in Germany and Methamphetamine a higher effect and easier to produce, it was developed in Japan in 1919. Some factors that contribute to Methamphetamine abuse went into wide use during WWII, to keep the troops awake. Furthermore, The Japanese Kamikaze pilots took high doses of speed before their suicide mission (Drugs and Controlled

Methamphetamine has been around since the late 19th century. It wasn’t until the WW2that the drug was used by German soldiers as a stimulant in the drug Pervitin, for its performance enhancing and to extend wakefulness. Now the drug is used mostly for recreational purposes for its increase to a person libido and euphoric high.

Many companies that sell food should always provide details on ingredients and warning labels for food allergens because this helps promote the health claims being made as well as protecting the consumers from any health risks. How do the FDA and government support consumers when they feel food labels are misleading or even false? The United States Government Accountability Office indicates that, “FDA’s Office of Regulatory Affairs carries out food safety and labeling compliance inspections and enforcement activities. When the office identifies a labeling violation, FDA may send a warning letter a notice that an enforcement action may be forthcoming if corrections are not made or, for a less serious violation, an untitled letter communicating

The short term effects of Methaqualone can range from euphoria, drowsiness, reduced heart rate and blood pressure, reduced respiration, increased sexual arousal, and numbness of the fingers and toes. However, the long term effects may include both physical and psychological damage. One study has also linked Methaqualone abuse to a condition called ataxia.