This paper explores a published scholastic journal that reports on results from research that has been conducted on morphine drug use and effects. The articles tend to vary a bit in terms of language and definitions but most interactions are effective in producing similar outcomes when talking about the proceeding topic. A cognitive model of drug urges and associated behavior are necessary but not always adequate for the production of drug uses in ongoing addicts. Specifically, morphine is what I have chosen to research looking more in depth at its effects of mental, emotional, and physical changes that can occur in one’s body with use. Three types of behavior can be recorded; verbal report from addicts, obvious behavior and actions that take place with use, and neuromuscular effects on the human body. As this is not the only model available for testing, there are many other cognitive models of drug use and drug urges that can be proposed. Tiffany, Stephen T. ‘s Psychological Review (1990), discusses that these models assume urges are necessary but not always sufficient in order to verify on going drug use in addicts, more specifically morphine addicts. With little to no research I already know that morphine is a dangerous, narcotic, painkiller that is used to alleviate chronic pain. It directly acts with the central nervous system of the brain to relieve intense pain effects. It is a controlled substance that is labeled to be “high risk” for addiction and dependence.
Depressants are drugs that minimize the effective functioning of the central nervous system. Depressants are vital in the management of several medical conditions such as insomnia, seizures, anxiety and pain resulting from cancer, surgery or trauma. The use of depressants for a long period of time develops tolerance as a result; all depressants have the potential for drug abuse. Morphine is an extremely effective and addictive chemical that play a vital role in clinical medicine and surgery. It is usually administrated as a pill or in liquid form. The use of morphine can produce a high such as the feelings of euphoria and diminish tension. Attributable to its excitement and satisfying effects the drug produces; it is commonly, used for recreational purposes and abused by drug users.
How do people become addicted to illegal drugs? Here’s how: Put aside the fact that it’s an illegal drug for a few minutes and let’s focus on the chemistry side of things. The moment when a person takes that first snort, puff, and shot trillions of potent chemical molecules surges through one’s bloodstream and gets into a person’s brain cells. Once in the brain they set off a cascade of chemicals and electrical nerves inside the brain, which increases the dopamine that is originally in the body. Dopamine is a natural chemical that’s in the body that makes you feel good”. When this natural chemical surge through the body of the patient and the wares off the patient who is consuming the drugs wants more, Which causes an addiction, and could lead to more dangerous drugs. This essay will be analyzing drug addiction, its causes, its effects, interventions strategy and preventions.
This research paper will evaluate the biological aspects of addictive substance or behavior and how it affects the brain and organs. Biological aspects include dopamine levels that are replaced in the brain due to the reward system being overtaken and the absorption rate of the drug once it is ingested will be discussed. The biological aspects are extensive and permanent if the individual does not get the help they need. Furthermore the clinical issues of addictive substance or behavior will be discussed along with medical treatments and ethical issues. This includes treatments such as counseling
Similar considerations may help explain why several prescription opioids — such as hydromorphone, fentanyl, morphine, and oxycodone — have a potential for abuse that is similar to, and in some cases even higher than, the potential for abuse with heroin. Finally, these differential properties and effects are likely to interact with interindividual variability in powerful, complex, and incompletely predictable ways, so that some persons who abuse prescription opioids could find heroin less rewarding than prescription opioids, similarly rewarding, or even more rewarding
The report is a continuing study of how prescription drugs such as; painkiller, oxycodone, codeine, hydrocodone, fentanyl, morphine, epidemic and heroin can cause opioid addiction. People who are addicted to drugs can and will create long term damage to their body, which can bring medical issues, including lung or cardiovascular disease, stroke, cancer or AID’s. American Society of Addiction Medicine (ASAM) researcher stated, “That opioids chemical causes the brain and nerve cells to produce pleasurable effects and relieve pain.” (Nora D. Volkow, 2014). Now, when that happens the brain will relapsing causing individual pathologically to pursue reward or relief from the controlled substance. (Nora D. Volkow, 2014). There was a study done in
Drug is "a chemical substance such as a narcotic or a hallucinogen that affects the central
This paper will illustrate several aspects of how drugs affect our lives. Addiction philosophies including the psychology and physiology will be explained in an attempt to describe how drugs affect our bodies both physically and mentally. Secondly, different drug categories types will be covered including: stimulants, depressants, narcotics, hallucinogens, and cannabis. Each of these categories has different addiction potentials and effect levels including withdrawal symptoms. Finally, the abuse of prescription drugs and their effects will be discussed.
A few psychosocial factors that influence the development of opioid abuse are the patients age, the character and intensity of the pain for which the patient is receiving therapy and the existence of other psychiatric disorders the patient might have. With those factors in mind, a patient with a pre-existing psychiatric condition or an underlying dependence on some other form of medication is at a higher risk of developing an opioid dependence than other individuals. It is also evaluated that having presence of other disease or illness as a patient being treated with opioid medication might being more likely to abuse the opioid.
Whichever stance you may have on the matter, it is pretty evident that drug use is increasingly prevalent and an ongoing issue in the United States. “Drug use is on the rise in this country and 23.5 million Americans are addicted to alcohol and drugs. That’s approximately one in every 10 Americans over the age of 12 – roughly equal to the entire population of Texas” said Dr. Kima Joy Taylor, director of the CATG Initiative (Drugfree.org). Because of facts like these, the War on Drugs was created with the proposed mission to deplete the number of drugs being consumed and sold in the United States. After over forty years since Nixon declared it, the War on Drugs has continuingly failed its promises and created additional social problems for
Three chimpanzees were given two injections of morphine per day, developed morphine addiction, as indicated by behavior directed toward the room in which the drug was administered and toward the syringe, by emotional outbursts, by choosing the syringe when food was the other option, and by various physiological changes. Doses were administered over periods ranging from 14 to 13 months. Animals showed signs of addiction after from 6 to 20 weeks of administration. Male animals were sexually stimulated by the drug. These results are behavioral and physiological changes associated with withdrawal were, however, these results are opposed to those found for human morphine addicts and
Recovery is dependent upon the individual’s willingness to change and the dedication to create a new life. Changing the playmates and playgrounds of the substance dependent, may seem simple in concept, but often proves difficult in action. When drug use begins, many enter into the lifestyle accompanied by like-minded peers. As the disease of addiction progresses, the dynamics of the environment the individual uses in will change. Finally, when sobriety is sought, the decision to leave behind this environment is both suggested and supported as a requirement to prevent relapse. Gorski (2001) describes the relapse process, not unlike tipping a domino over, as the first one hits the next until a progressive chain reaction is created. Within this chain reaction the decision to associate with known substance users, creates a high-risk situation. For some, the ability to leave behind old friends or family that use, becomes a seemingly impossible task primarily due to fear and shame associated to severed ties. According to Larimer, Palmer & Marlatt (1999) a study shows that being around people who continue to substance use contributes to 20 percent of relapse episodes. Though this may not attribute as a sole purpose of relapse, it is often the result of the degradation of the recovery process that ends in a relapse due to unhealthy social environment. Such a scenario can be further examined as a similar situation may appear differently to individuals, the relationship between
The purpose of this paper is to give insight into a specific drug class, known as opiates, that have been a source for abuse in society for various decades. Opiates are used to aid in the relief of pain, allowing the user to feel a sense of toleration in regards to what they are consuming the substance for. For many years now, opiates have been misused by individuals resulting in a dangerous addiction, and ultimately, an unstable lifestyle. The effects that opiates can have on an individual varies from person to person, depending upon the ways in which they choose to intake the substance. When a controlled substance is in one’s possession, it is important to be aware of the possible side effects that come along with it; such side effects can
Among many drugs, heroin is commonly considered one of the most dangerous, addictive, fatalist drugs in the world and treating this form of addiction, can be a complicated process for anyone wishing to kick off this habitual use. However, determining what treatment method best benefits a person, seeks no easy answer to a very complex problem. Ascertaining whether an individual using heroin should treat their addiction through the use of methadone or choosing to go cold turkey, is a troubling question that faces ongoing controversial debate.
The use of drugs is a controversial topic in society today. In general, addicts show a direct link between taking drugs and suffering from their effects. People abuse drugs for a wide variety of reasons. In most cases, the use of drugs will serve a type of purpose or will give some kind of reward. These reasons for use will differ with different kinds of drugs. Various reasons for using the substance can be pain relief, depression, anxiety and weariness, acceptance into a peer group, religion, and much more. Although reasons for using may vary for each individual, it is known by all that consequences of the abuse do exist. It is only further down the line when the effects of using can be seen.
Have you ever dealt with the effects of drug addict? A drug is a person who is addicted to drugs or alcohol, which has a psychological effect when ingested or otherwise introduced into the body. The effects of drug use can vary depending on the person. According to “Causes and types of narcotic addiction: A Psychosocial View” in the Psychiatric Quarterly it says, “The causes of drugs stem from the manner of which you were introduced to it whether it be by abnormal curiosity, chance encounters with addicts and narcotic peddlers, or prolonged illness” (Ausubel). The effects of drugs can be have different effects on everyone differently depending if its for pleasure or for relieving pain Most of the effects of drugs occur in the brain, where it increases the level of dopamine at a specific site possibly giving the addict the pleasure they were feigning for (Robbins). As a child I didn’t know much about drugs except for what your parents and teachers at school tell you which is, “Just Say No.”