According to the article, “Gender Differences in Social Support and Depression among Injection Drug Users in Houston, Texas”, written by the authors Jan Rousser, Alice Cates, Hafees, Reman and William Risser in 2010, there are many injection drug users in Houston Texas. Injection drug users are frequently exposed to sexually transmitted diseases and also many different kinds of drugs. Injection drug users are also exposed to many sexually transmitted diseases such as HIV and AIDS due to their risky behaviors in shooting galleries in Houston Texas. In 2007, there has been a ten percent increase in new HIV diagnosis. Many men and women engage in risky sexual behaviors while they are under the influence o heroin, cocaine, or …show more content…
The hypotheses, according to this article are there gender differences in Social support and depression among injection drug users in Houston, Texas. Drug using men and women are definitely nine times more likely to share drugs than non drug user. These users are also less likely to share needles or using equipment with anyone. The article states that there are low levels of social support and they are associated with depressive symptoms. Do men and women have different social supports groups and do they use their support group in different ways? The article states that their male partners introduce some women to drug injection and so they get inject drugs with them. According to the article women also have differences in their social support and also they have depressive symptoms between males and women drug users in Houston Texas. The review of prior literature in this article did give a good idea of how the study can make new contributions to society by using the CES-D and the MSPSS tools. According to the article the theory that the researcher conducted test the hypothesis and the theory is supported by data from the research.
The way that the authors obtained their sample was “Form the Houston site of the National HIV Behavioral Surveillance (NHBS) program.” The article also states that this program is funded and it aims to assess a proportion of the population that has a disease, such as HIV/AIDS. It is an also testing
Towards the end of the 20th century, most of the studies focusing on substance abuse focused on the needs of men. This means that the percentage of women affected by substance abuse remained unknown for several decades. In the recent past, studies have been done to analyze the psychological, health, and economic challenges affecting women who abuse different substances (National Institute of Drug Abuse, 2015). This marginalized group has been selected in order to understand the major health problems and experiences affecting them. By so doing, the information obtained from the study can be used to design evidence-based care models to support the target population.
Dangerous illegal drugs have plagued American citizens and their youth for as long as the country has been in existence. These harmful drugs are not only responsible for countless amounts of deaths, but the corruption of the American society in general. All too many times have these drugs been blamed for insanity, racism, rebellion, and straight up violence. Today the government is spending approximately $19.179 billion in one year to combat these evils (Gifford). Unfortunately, even with all of this effort going in to stop illegal drug use, the “War on Drugs” is yet to produce almost any positive results. Because of this, politicians are urging the government to spend even more money to combat the seemingly
But however to the injectors, heroin or any kinds of drugs makes them feel great, relax and calm. Many injectors are poor and hopeless, they have to scramble for their next heroin, meal, place to sleep and most importantly, the police. They often make friends with other drugs injectors because they need to seek to exchange the taste of heroin, loan of money and spare change. All kinds of drugs are harmful and we must stay alway from them. Philippe Bourgois and Jeff Schonberg spend a lot of time with few drug injectors on their daily life routines in order to do a fieldwork based on drugs injectors. The saddest part is where some women are willing to have sex with a random men just to get some money for the next shoot of
Chapter 3, “A Community of Addicted Bodies”, traces how physical and emotional dependence on heroin creates a social hierarchy within the
Opioid abuse in America is a current health issue, like any other, where we view the problem from an analytical standpoint. While the numbers are devastating my main motivation for choosing this study comes from an emotionally driven place. Personally, I’ve known people who have been sucked into the addictive effects of opioids and, for years, it has affected an entire family’s, that I am close to, life from one person’s abuse of opioids. An example that many don’t think of when they imagine opioid abuse is how a simple mother could go from being an ordinary housewife to an opioid abuser, where her children are too scared to bring friend’s back home due to their mother’s state, and how she’s devolved into a person who steals from her
Drug abuse is one of the most discouraged behaviors in our country. In the United States of America, we, the people value several things, some of which are freedom, expanding and taking care of our families and our financial security. We, the people, take such things for granted. We also discourage some behavior, such as crime, laziness and use of illegal drugs.
There are many ways in which people who are addicted to intravenous drugs are perceived by our society. People sometimes believe the addicted person is to blame for their circumstance and substance dependence and some feel serious drug addicts are a “lost cause” due to a lack of values or flawed character. “Persons who struggle with addictions often are depicted as criminals or prostitutes, weak, lazy and morally corrupt” (Bartlett, R., Brown, L., Shattell, M., Wright, T., Lewallen, L. (2013). These stereotypes paint people with addiction negatively; a percentage of people who live with serious addiction are capable of recovery with the right attitude, support and healthcare. Street level healthcare services such as; safe injection sites, provide accessable resources at street level for people to make the choice to live healthier lifestyles. Govement funding and support is needed to make these projects possible to improve the health of Canadians. Safe injection sites are proven to be positive contributions to communities, save lives, reduce harm and open doors towards recovery for people from the grip of addiction.
There are many major factors at one point time in society, the most controversial is drug decriminalization. When the topic of drug or drug related discussion arises, many individuals would choose to ignore the topic entirely. Why not approach the topic head on? Attack the issue at its roots and refuse to give up until proven wrong. Drug decriminalization is a topic that needs to be brought to the front of discussion with politics and legislation. State and federal laws should be readjusted and in many cases removed in regards to drug policy. As a society, we need to treat the way we handle drug users and drug cases differently. Our current approach is not working anymore, and it’s time for a change. To change, everything has to change from the start.
The article “Injection Drug Users, Crack-Cocaine Users, and Human Services Utilization: An Exploratory Study” by Ashery, Rebecca Sager; Carlson, Robert G.; Falck, Russel S.; Siegal, Harvey A. seeks to understand the perception and experiences of drug users upon utilizing Human Social Services. The research problem being addressed is formulated around the usage of social services programs among injection drug users and crack cocaine users during a two-year period.
Substance abuse has made a major impact on the lives of women. In the past, using drugs was normalized and not considered abnormal because it was used to calm mothers and wives from the overbearing workload that was expected by them. Drugs for women was something that was ordinary for them and it was even shown in the media, there were advertisements that promoted the use of drugs and what type of drugs to take. However, when the War on Drugs commenced it took a toll on the women who were abusing these drugs. The War on Drugs targeted mostly women, resulting in a 108% increase of women incarceration rates. Since this war, there are outstanding numbers of addicted incarcerated women. A majority of these incarcerated women
Drug users may hear that clean syringes are being distributed from their network of peers, and flock to the area to acquire clean syringes. More commonly, similar individual users or groups of users linger in the same locations in the Tenderloin to shoot heroin or other opiates, so the volunteers frequent certain areas to distribute harm reduction kits and syringes weekly. There is a mechanism of mutual dependence and mutual need that ensures that volunteers will be able to find drug users.Critics of harm reduction can and have suggested that providing clean syringes could give people both means and incentive to continue drug use, and that the continued presence of drug users creates a need for the harm reduction program. However, most opiate users are physically and mentally addicted, and will individually continue to use drugs whether or not they have access to safety and health measures, irrespective of greater group or social dynamics, like drug prevention advertisement campaigns, social stigma against drug users and poverty caused by drug use. Yet the continued public ignorance on harm reduction motivates GLIDE employees put strong emphasis on educating volunteers
Injection drug use in the county is a multigenerational activity, with as many as three generations of a family and multiple community members injecting together. According to Conrad el al (2015), the reported daily numbers of injections ranged from 4 to 15, with reported number of injection partners ranging from one to six patients. The sharing of needles because of the non-availability of these needles is the major contributing factor to the HIV infection epidemic among IDUs in the county.
The current policy in use by the United States concerning illegal drugs is both outdated and unfair. This so-called war on drugs is a deeply rooted campaign of prohibition and unfair sentencing that is very controversial and has been debated for many years. The war on drugs is designed so that it will never end. This current drug was has very little impact on the overall supply of prohibited drugs and its impact on demand seems non-existent. United States’ taxpayers are spending billions of dollars on this failure of policy. They are spending billions to incarcerate drug users instead offering drug treatment which could help lower demand. Legalizing illicit would lower abuse and deaths from use and could have a positive economic impact on the United States. Certain industries are making massive sums of money by capitalizing on the drug war.
Many sociological studies fail to provide an accurate picture of substance abuse in a society for a number of reasons. In treatment or survey interviews, substance abusing individuals frequently misrepresent or misreport their frequency of use. Those living in poverty are often more transient in their housing than those of middle and upper classes and may, therefore, be excluded from many types of household surveys. Often, statistical information is gathered from treatment facilities; however facilities do not all report into a national database and a large number of addicts never seek services. One final problem with the validity of studies involving substance abuse and poverty is the isolation, in many studies, of one or more drugs. Many researchers have focused on drugs, such as crack-cocaine or heroin and not marijuana or powder cocaine (Jacobson and Ensminger, 2011). While it is difficult to obtain valid data on the actual rate and incidence of substance abuse in poverty ridden communities, researchers have been able to isolate some negative effects of substance abuse and correlate them to socio-economic status.
The focus of this article is on Methamphetamine, trading sex, men who have sex with men and sexual risk behavior. the article revealed a study that was conducted to find out how many people that have had trades sex in exchange for methamphetamine. Males having sex with other male were the participants of the study. Males that trades sex for drugs have higher HIV prevalence and most likely engage in unprotected sex. The study also revealed that most male that trade sex for drugs were either homeless, not well educated or self-identified as gay. Surprisingly, those that are identified as heterosexual are more likely to be homeless and trade sex for money or