Dry Gangrene Research Paper

Healthcare associated infections are ranked as one of the top five causes of death in the United States (1). This is a very serious problem being that so many people go to hospitals to maybe have a surgery and get better and in return get a very serious infection that has been known to take limbs and even lives. There are many different hospital acquired or nosocomial infections, but the one that I am referring to is especially dangerous. The name of this infection is called Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus Aureus, or more commonly known as MRSA.

Gangrene is a term that is used to identify when a large amount of tissue undergoes cell death (necrosis). Gangrene essentially means death of tissues due to lack of blood supply and invasion of deeper tissues with infection (Porth & Gaspard, 2015). There are two main classifications of gangrene, dry type and wet or moist type (Porth & Gaspard, 2015). There are several other types of gangrene that are rarer, however, all types of gangrene manifest either as dry or wet form (Porth & Gaspard, 2015).

Similarly anti-fungal or anti-bacterial topical applications may be prescribed for treatment of fungal or bacterial infections respectively.

Necrotizing Fasciitis is a bacterial infection which causes the tissue under the skin to be destroyed. This flesh-eating infection is caused by more than one type of bacteria making it rare in many cases. Once the bacteria enter the body, it can quickly spread causing it to be deadly. The fascia, which is the connective tissue surrounding the blood vessels, nerves, fat, and muscles is infected making the body weak and lack support. In order to acquire this infection the skin needs to be broken such as getting a cut, scrape, or wound. With small injuries

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, or MRSA, is a bacterium that is resistant to many available high- level beta-lactam antibiotics, which include penicillins, “antistaphylococcal” penicillins and cephalosporins. Staphyloccoci are the most important bacteria that cause disease in humans. MRSA is sometimes branded as a nosocomial infection as it usually plagues patients that are receiving treatment in a hospital. The skin is the most common site of infection, where MRSA can cause cellulitis, folliculitis, or boils in the skin, but can also commonly be found in the nose, underarm, groin, upper respiratory tract, intestine, vagina and rectal areas of the body. MRSA infections occur with there is a break in the skin that allows the Methicillin resistant

Typhus is a deadly disease. It is caused by infection, which comes from rickettsia bacteria. Fleas, lice, ticks, and mites transmit rickettsia bacteria when they bite you. There are 3 types of Typhus. The 3 types are endemic, epidemic, and scrub. Epidemic Typhus is caused by lice, ticks, and body louse. Endemic Typhus is caused by flea, rats, and cat flea. Scrub Typhus is caused by louse, mites, fleas, ticks, and lice. You can easily get scrub Typhus in lice-infected areas. Once the bacteria is in the bloodstream, they continue to reproduce and grow. Typhus can last for 10-12 days at a time. All of the symptoms can occur. Typhus leaves red dots on the human skin. It can become deadly if left untreated. Although the 2 major (most common) types

This beautiful solid piece of metal is only available in one color, RUSTY! Its rust color gives it a slight disgusting smell but will assist you when you need to pick up or hang your coat it will serve you well killers who need a new way to kill, it’ll give you tetanus on contact with an open wound. When you act now you get the screw on attachment with the five shaped hook. But act fast because this offer is only valid for a limited time and it’s only $99.99 if you act now.

The immune systems helps the body fight off the other parts of our bodies and harmful substances such as disease, infection or bacteria. Some strategies for ensuring a healthy immune system are: don’t smoke, move your body which mean exercise regularly, eat diet food such as fruit and vegetable, get a good night sleep and maintain your healthy weight. These strategies are a good way to start giving your immune system the upper hand.

The term sickle cell infection (SCD) depicts a gathering of acquired red platelet issue." Normal red blood cells are shaped like discs or donuts. They are soft and flexible so they can easily move through very small blood vessels"(anonymous, 2015).Individuals with SCD have anomalous hemoglobin, called hemoglobin S or sickle hemoglobin, in their red platelets. Hemoglobin is a protein in red platelets that conveys oxygen all through the body. The most well-known sort is known as, sickle-cell frailty (SCA) and there is A few Types of Sickle Cell Sickness: Hemoglobin SS, Hemoglobin SC, Hemoglobin SD. In the Unified States, a great many people with sickle cell illness (SCD) are of African family line or recognize themselves as dark. About1 out of 13 African American children is

Postsurgical infection treatment cost negatively impact hospital’s finance and creates a financial burden on the hospital. The financial burden of surgery is increased due to the direct costs incurred by the prolonged hospitalization of the patient, diagnostic tests, and treatment. “Infections related to coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery are some of the most serious infections that require additional costs $40,000 to $50,000” (CABG Infections …, CMS Pay 2008). According to, Contemporary…, this serious and costly errors in the care delivery should never happen. Furthermore, “Hospitals can be penalized up to 1% initially of an organization’s baseline annual Medicare reimbursement” (Cherry, Jacob, 2017, p.392) for performing poor patient

In light of how incredible our body is to be able to regenerate quickly for most, that is not what happens for others. Many diseases or large body wounds can take years to make it through one stage. Some may not ever heal. Wounds such as diabetic, venous stasis, ischemic, or pressure ulcers have a lack of blood flow making it almost impossible for them to heal naturally (Cutroneo, 2008). Large area burn victims also fall into this category. Their body is trying to compensate for fluid loss and maintain homeostasis, but wound healing ends up being very difficult to do on their own (Jacobsen, 2005). Many attempts are used to heal these including gene therapy, hydrotherapy, hyperbaric oxygen therapy, and topical antibiotics to just name a few. There are many courses of therapy to heal these wounds, and some work better than others depending on the wound and person.

North Dallas Dermatology Associates is a dermatology clinic that is located in Dallas, Texas. North Dallas Dermatology Associates was established in 2000. Their services include cosmetic dermatology, medical dermatology, facial treatments, body contouring and skin tightening, and laser treatments. Their cosmetic dermatology treatments include Botox, Dysport, Cosmetic Fillers, Juvederm Voluma, Sculptra Aesthetic, and more. Their facial treatments include chemical peels, facials, OxyGeneo, microdermabrasion, and MicroNeedling with PRP. Their dermatologists are board-certified.

Gas gangrene is a devastatingly fast moving disease that presents with rapid cell death around the site of infection; Clostridium perfringens is the scientific name for one of most common bacteria that causes gas gangrene, showing up in four out of five cases. If not treated quickly, gas gangrene can cause death within the first day of infection (Carlisle, 2014). C. perfringens is a nonmotile, gram positive, rod shaped bacteria (The Public Health Agency of Canada, 2011). Its virulence factors include alpha toxin, which causes the neutrophils of the body to be mistrafficked and unable to enter the infected tissue as well as causing vasoconstriction, which inhibits necessary blood flow to infected tissues, thus greatly slowing down the healing process (Titball, Naylor, & Basak, 1999).

Cellulitis is an infection of the skin limited to the epidermis, dermis, and superficial subcutaneous tissues (Misty, 2013). On examination cellulitis appears as an inflamed, tender, and warm area of the skin, typically has imprecise margins and doesn’t itch. Cellulitis is progressive without treatment and can occur suddenly or gradually. The skin affected tends to be smooth and shiny in appearance, rather than bumpy and may also cause malaise and a fever in some patients (Baddour, Sexton & Baron, 2015). The clinical factors of cellulitis and skin abscess often overlap; cases of cellulitis often progress into an abscess if left untreated and most abscesses have some degree of cellulitis surrounding the cavity of the abscess. While cellulitis and skin abscesses are not always clearly distinct, a skin abscess, also known as a cutaneous abscess, is a purulent infection that is contained in one area with more distinct margins than cellulitis. This type of infection involves the deep subcutaneous tissues and tend to form a pus containing cavity. Abscess are fluctuant, firm, reddened, and painful on assessment and, like cellulitis, may also cause malaise and fever as well. While cellulitis is usually self-limiting, abscesses, depending on the location, can impair physical activities due to pain (Misty,

Gangrene is necrosis of tissue as a result of oxygen deprivation. Oxygen is carried in the blood, binding to the haemoglobin in our red blood cells to reach tissues all across our body, to keep them alive and functioning properly. However, when blood flow to these tissues is decreased or lost altogether, which can arise through thrombosis (hardening of the arteries) these tissues are exposed to less oxygen and the cells which they consist of start to die. When cells start to die, they began to leak autolytic enzymes which make it impossible for them to be repaired naturally. Gangrene can also develop as a result of bacterial infections in congealed blood; this type of gangrene is known as wet gangrene. Similarly, another type, dry gangrene is caused by bacterial but is the result of swelling due. In the United States, the bacteria Clostridium perfringens is the most common cause of another type, gas gangrene1. Simple bites can also lead to necrosis, such as the bite in Figure A, below.