Dt1310 Unit 7

As the star begins to run out of hydrogen fuel the core inside the star begins to collapse while rising in temperature, which causes the core to heat up rapidly pushing the outer layers of the star outward causing them to expand and cool the star is now a red giant. Average stars like our sun will have a relatively peaceful ending toward the end of their red giant phase. The star begins to pulsate releasing its outer layers resulting in solar winds, as these layers begin to drift away only the core remains, this is considered a white dwarf. Eventually the white dwarf will consume all its energy after this happens it will become a cold black dwarf. Massive stars come to an end much differently, after the high mass star runs out of fuel the outer layers of the star begin to collapse upon the core, and then are released in a massive explosion into the cosmos this is called a supernova. After, either a neutron star or a black hole remains these are vastly different a neutron star is an incredibly dense object made up of sub-atomic particles called

What are Blackholes? A black hole is a collapsed star which has so much mass in such a small amount of space that it breaks the laws of space and time. The singularity of the blackhole has an unimaginable gravitational pull. It is so great that not even [0] light can escape it. This is why the core is black. The size of black holes can be very di erent. Scientists think the smallest ff black holes are as small as just one atom. These black holes are very small but have the mass as much as a mountain. Another type of blackhole is a stellar black hole. These can be as big as 20 times our own sun. Scientists believe that blackholes as big as this formed when the galaxy began. It [0] would be impossible for our sun to turn into a blackhole because

According to website, “The Life Of A Star”, “The star begins to release energy, stopping it from contracting even more and causes it to shine.” Once a star starts to flicker rapidly and become even bigger than the star’s original size, the name will change from a high or low mass star to a supergiant (for high mass) and a red giant (for low mass stars). Red giants and supergiants are the result of a star running out of fuel for nuclear fusion to occur. Helium begins to build up in a star's center causing slower paces for new atoms to form, such as carbon, oxygen, and even iron. The book, “The Life And Death Of Stars” states, “But in the case of other stars, as the hydrogen fuel runs out, the star contracts and squeezes its helium. The central temperature rises until the helium atoms begin to form more complicated atoms - carbon, oxygen, and even heavier elements like iron. This information proves that stars start to form these atoms in the red giant/supergiant stage. The outer layers of these stars start to cool and become red. Red giants and supergiants are the stars that start the stage of a star dying

A stellar black hole is formed when a gianormous star collapses upon itself. When a stellar black hole forms, a supernova, or an exploding star is created as well. This supernova releases that rest of the exploding star into space. As a result a stellar black hole is created. Once a stellar black hole is created, they can be up to 20 times bigger than the

The force pushing out of the star and gravity become unbalanced. In the life of a star there is a balance between force pushing out of the star and gravity pulling in. When the force pushing out escapes, the gravity collapses on the rest of the star. (“HubbleSite - Reference Desk”) After the Gravity collapses it compresses the core into such a small space where the gravity is so strong, that is the black hole the gravity is so strong that not even light can escape. (“How Do Black Holes Form?”) That is what causes large stars to collapse and create black

Main sequence stars like our own sun enduring in a state of nuclear fusion during which they will produce energy for billions of years by replacing hydrogen to helium. Stars change over billions of years. When their main sequence phase ends they pass through other states of existence according to their size and other characteristics. The larger a star's mass, the shorter its lifespan is. As stars move toward the end of their lives, much of their hydrogen will be converted to helium. Helium sinks to the star's core and raises the star's temperature—causing its outer shell to expand. These large, puffy stars are known as Red Giants. The red giant phase is actually a prelude to a star shedding its outer layers and becoming a small, dense body called a White Dwarf. White dwarfs cool down for billions and billions of years, until they finally go dark and produce no energy at all. Once this happens, scientists have yet to observe, such stars become known as Black Dwarfs. A few stars avoid this evolutionary path and instead go out with a bang, exploding as Supernovae. These violent explosions leave behind a small core that will then turn into something called a Neutron Star or even, if the remainder is large enough, it is then turned into something called a Black Hole.

In our physical world, there are a multitude of phenomenon that occur daily that we experience that often go unnoticed. It contains a vast array of conceptual applications and the equations applied to them in order to better explain and calculate the phenomenon involved. In a normal occurrence an individual can explain and calculate certain aspects of movement and processes that are also involved with it. When dealing with the transferring of heat and various process related to heat, the terms convection, conduction and radiation are frequently discussed thoroughly. The overall field of thermodynamics involves the study of thermal processes in physical systems. Some terms involved with these particular concepts include: closed system, empirical law, free energy, joule’s law, specific, temperature, and thermodynamics. The general defined term of convection is “the heat transfer by mass motion of a fluid such as air or water when the heated fluid is caused to move away from the source of heat, carrying energy with it” (Georgia State University). “In the world of physics, the term conduction is usually defined as a form of heat transfer by the way of molecular tension inside an object or material that does not show any individual motion in its entirety” (Georgia State University). Radiation by means of physics related terms is defined as “the emission or transmission of energy in the form of waves or particles through a

The main idea for paragraphs 6-8 in When Stars Explode is how stars do explode. Here are some details: according to the text,“But these nuclear reactions do not make as much energy as hydrogen did. Within a few million years, the star has nothing left." The text also said “So the star's center collapses, scrunching itself into a small, dense object. Meanwhile, the star's outer layer shoots into space at millions of miles per hour. The star has exploded!"

explain the universe in terms of nine key questions. In pursuit of answers to these questions,

Some limitations are that parallax angles of less than 0.001 arcsec are very difficult to measure from Earth because of the effects on the Earth’s atmosphere. This limits Earth based telescopes to measuring the distances to stars about 10.01 or 100 parsecs away. Spaced based telescopes can get accuracy to 0.001, which has increased the number of stars whose distance could be measured with this method. However, most stars even in our own galaxy are much further away than 1000 parsecs, since the Milky Way is about 30,000 parsecs across.

As this matter spirals into the black hole it creates what is known as an accretion disk, which accelerates and heats up emitting X-rays which can then be detected by astronomers.[6]

13) When we say a star “moves” on a H-R diagram we are not saying that it is physically moving from one place to another, we are saying that it is transitioning from one stage of its evolutionary life to another. For example we might say it is moving from pre-main sequence to main sequence. This means that the star has moves from an early stage in its life to the middle stage of its life. It has physically stayed in the same place in space.

As this slow contraction continues, the core temperature, density, and pressure of the star continues to increase. As the star shrinks it becomes so dense that it starts to compress helium. This results in the star to swell due to the hot core and leaving a relatively cool surface. Eventually the outer layers of the star expand outwards, increasing the size of the star. As the layers continue to expand, the surface temperature continues to cool, forming a relatively large star called a red giant.

What happens to a star during the rest of its life depends of how massive

The only stars that are within the ten light year radius are Proxima Centauri,Proxima Centauri,Luhman 16,WISE 0855−0714,Wolf 359,Lalande 21185,Sirius,Luyten 726-8, and Ross 154 with are all way too small to create a supernova. In fact the closest star that could create a supernova is Betelgeuse which is 430 light years away all it will do is shine a little brighter for a couple weeks.