Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy

1. The meaning of Duchenne muscular dystrophy is a severe form of muscular dystrophy caused by a genetic defect that can be characterized by a disturbed growth of cardiac and skeletal muscles. It usually affects boys. In 1861, a French neurologist, Guillaume B. Duchenne, was the first person to give a detailed description of this syndrome.

Boys begin to have difficulty sitting up and standing, weakness that progresses to muscles in the trunk and shoulder, and later affecting the heart muscle. By the age of twenty years individuals affected with Duchenne dystrophy die.

Duchenne muscular dystrophy was first discovered by Guillaume Benjamin Amand Duchenne in the 1860’s, but due to lack of medical knowledge little was known until the 1980’s. It was in 1986 that researchers that were supported by the MDA, muscular dystrophy association, identified the particular X-chromosome that leads to DMD, Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Dystrophin is the protein that is associated with the gene and was named in 1987.The DMD gene is the second largest gene to date, and it produces dystrophin.(Genome, 2013) Lack of the protein Dystrophin in the muscle cells causes them to weaken and become fragile. (MDA, 2015). DMD is an inherited disorder, but there are rare cases where it can spontaneously appear in a child with no previous family history due to a random mutation in moms X-chromosome. DMD is a gender specific disease that only appears in males.

Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy is also the most common type of muscular dystrophy in kids, children who are affected by the disease will most likely be in a wheelchair by the time they are 12, and are likely to die anywhere from their late teens to early twenties ( Yiu and Kornberg, 2008, p. 236).

Individuals who inherit this disease will have a rapid progression of symptoms. Walking becomes difficult and skeletal contractures and muscle atrophy follows. They also usually need wheelchairs by adolescence. Half of the receivers of the disease unfortunately develop some form of mental retardation and most never make it past their teenage years. Currently, options for a treatment of muscular dystrophy are limited. Physical therapy may slow down the progression of deformities. Such devices as wheel chairs, crutches, or secondary orthopedic limbs may permit mobility. There are also a few medications that can help relieve pain and stiffness in the muscles. The Muscular Dystrophy Association, the Parent Project Muscular Dystrophy Research and the Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh helped fund a research project for the disease. The research, carried out by Johnny Huard, Ph.D., is looking fairly successful. Scientists are isolating special

Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy is a genetic disorder that is passed on through the x chromosomes. Only men are

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is defined as a chronic form of dystrophy that is caused by a mutated gene. This essay critically discusses Duchenne muscular dystrophy as a whole, including all the symptoms, causes as well as treatment.

However, if Ben’s parents have decided to have other children, their children run the risk of having DMD or being a carrier of DMD. There is no way to reduce these risks, but there is a chance that their children will not have the same problems as Ben.

This rare disease affects 1 in 3,500- 6,000 males. A key indicator a child has Duchenne is muscle weakness. This means a child may have difficulty getting up after sitting down and difficulty walking. Often times kids with Duchenne are walk on there toes and can

Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (also referred to as DMD) is a type of muscular dystrophy that weakens the muscles that we need to support our body, body weight, to stand, and to move around. It also can cause you to have scoliosis. Some of the main causes for DMD are genetic disorders, mutations, and DMD has to be passed down throughout everyone in that family for generations. The symptoms you can have if you have DMD are weak muscles, lack of strength, and difficulty walking. DMD is a negative mutation because it affects your muscles horribly bad that you can get a disability of walking and even moving. You need to tell your doctor immediately if you experience any symptoms. If you don't tell your doctor, you may find yourself in a very difficult situation where you can't get up or can't get something you need. When you do talk to your doctor, you will have an advantage of getting the help you need.

muscular dystrophy has many forms and therefore symptoms can vary between the variations. Overall symptoms include the weakening of skeletal muscles and the defect and death muscle tissues. Duchenne muscular dystrophy is the most common and affects young boys such as Eddie.

Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy has the potential to be inherited from previous generations (National Human Genome Research Institute, 2013). The disease is sex-linked and inherited on the X chromosome in a recessive fashion. Males who only have one X and one Y chromosome are most commonly affected

Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy has the potential to be inherited from previous generations (National Human Genome Research Institute, 2013). The disease is sex-linked and inherited on the X chromosome in a recessive fashion. Males who only have one X and one Y chromosome

Duchenne’s muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a progressive genetic disorder that leads to muscle atrophy and eventually death. Diagnosing DMD consists of blood tests, genetic testing, and muscle biopsies. Signs and symptoms begin presenting in toddlers with DMD and progressively worsen throughout life. There is no cure for DMD, and will cause terminal cardiopulmonary complications. Medical interventions consist of corticosteroid treatment, respiratory management, cardiac management, psychological management, and physical therapy interventions.

Muscular dystrophy (MD) is a genetic disorder caused by incorrect or missing genetic information that leads to the gradual weakening of the muscle cells. Various causes lead to weak and deteriorating muscles depending on the type of muscular dystrophy the patient was affected by. However, there are many causes for muscular dystrophy due to the fact that there are thirty forms of muscular dystrophy, which are categorized under several categories. All are ultimately caused by autosomal recessive, autosomal dominant, sex-linked, and random mutations in very rare cases.