Dutch and Belgium Organ Donation Acts

The first organ donation was successfully performed in 1954 (Major). Since then, institutions have set up many regulations and processes that have saved many lives by allowing people to donate their organs, but government policies in the United States have set up laws that prevent individuals to make choices about their own bodies. The National Organ Transplant Act (NOTA) is a regulation that prevents those who prefer to profit from their donation. The purpose of the act was to, “prohibit the assignment of a monetary value to an organ for transplantation, thus preventing commercialization and ensuring some level of equity in access to organs” (Delmonico). “Punishment includes fines up to $50 000 and 5 years in prison” (Friedman). The only country that legalizes organs to be bought and sold is Iran. The Iranian government recognized the overwhelming increasing of resources needed for dialysis as more and more people were becoming ill, so the government decided to make it legal to pay citizens to have transplants mainly in the UK (Major). When a person is in need of an organ, doctors assess whether or not that person is eligible for a transplant (Bernard). Once they have been approved, the patient will be referred by the doctor to a transplant center where they evaluate the patient’s physical and mental health as well as the patient’s social support to clear the requirements for being considered a viable candidate for an organ transplant, and finding the right donor is all

In most countries that use this system, families or a close friend would still be informed and their opinion would be taken into account, Spain being a good example of a country that uses the so called soft opt-out system, there system lets the family play a big part in decision making at the time of death and their views are taken into account, this seems to work well for them as they have the highest number of donors with 33 deceased organ donors per million population. Eurobarometer European and Organ donation (2007),

With people making important decisions about their body every day the subject of organ donation becomes increasingly important. For years, the topic has been the source of many controversial debates regarding its ethical and moral ideations. Organ donation should remain voluntary for several reasons: first and foremost it is still considered a donation. Next, patients and their families should have the right to say no to medical procedures. And, lastly, bodily autonomy should be respected by healthcare professionals. Many argue, however, that organ donation should be mandatory as to decrease not only the time spent on an organ donation list but also the risks of mortality while waiting for a new organ. Families often have the final say in

Organ transplantation is a term that most people are familiar with. When a person develops the need for a new organ either due to an accident or disease, they receive a transplant, right? No, that 's not always right. When a person needs a new organ, they usually face a long term struggle that they may never see the end of, at least while they are alive. The demand for transplant organs is a challenging problem that many people are working to solve. Countries all over the world face the organ shortage epidemic, and they all have different laws regarding what can be done to solve it. However, no country has been able to create a successful plan without causing moral and ethical dilemmas.

This is an ongoing debate over whether the United States should adopt a presumed-consent organ donor system. The first organ donation was a skin graft. Skin is your only external organ. The organ transplant happened in 1869, and since then, the science and safety has gone up. The first internal organ transplant was a kidney transplant. One twin gave his identical brother one of his kidneys in 1954, almost 100 years after the first skin graft (Organ Transplantation 1). With advancing medical science, there are systems set in place to insure the safety of patients’ organs. The United States government has set up laws and regulations along

Working Thesis: Organ Donors should be able to have the right to choose if their organs after death will be donated to another without any complications even if they die of brain death or euthanasia, inside or outside a medical facility, as well as laws should be put in place or an alternative method stating that their wishes no matter what the family thinks, due to ethical or moral issues, should be honored.

When looking at the current organ donation system, one can see it’s obvious flaws. Yet, there doesn't seem to be a way to solve the problems without wandering into ethically murky water. However there is a solution that avoids these problems. An opt-out system has various benefits which would make great progress to eliminating the organ shortage. Because of the massive organ shortage, which has resulted in death, the federal government ought to implement an opt-out organ donation system.

The first successfully transplantation of an organ occurred in 1954, and since then the rates of organ donation have increased substantially (Welbourn, 2014). However, a big discrepancy exists between the amount of available organs and the quantity of people requiring one to survive. Thus, legislations have been made to minimize such discrepancy. Different countries have diverse copying mechanists on how to overcome this issue. Currently, Canada has the opt-in system in which any individual that wishes to become an organ donator may do so by registering (Eggertson, 2012). However, organ donation rates in Canada are quite small compared to other countries such as Spain, Belgium, or the United States – rates standing at 15.5 donors per million population in Canada compared to 35 PMP and 26 PMP in Spain and USA respectively in 2012 (Norris, 2011). Several countries worldwide have opted for an opt-out system in which individuals are presumed to have consent to be organ donors unless specified otherwise, and such countries have higher donor rates, but it is not known if the reason is specifically due to this presumed consent system (Norris, 2011). I believe that an opt-out system (presumed consent) would be beneficial in Canada because it addresses important ethical issues, including autonomy, beneficence, justice, and non-maleficence.

Mandatory Organ Donation policy; an infringement of rights or a solution to organ shortage Mandatory organ donation is one of the topics that have drawn a lot of attention due to ethical issues that accompanies its implementation. Although there is a concession that legalization of organ donation has become a solution to many health concerns that were incurable in the past, there is disagreement on whether it should be made compulsory. Organ donation requires that a living person or a deceased person offers their organ for transplantation to a needy person. The proponents of mandatory organ donation argue that compelling individuals to donate organ would be essential in offsetting organ shortage that has frustrated the process treatment. Unfortunately, the concern has been met with resistance especially by those who feel that such an approach would be against human rights of freedom of choice. A critical evaluation of the idea reveals that a compulsory organ donation strategy would open a loophole for heinous acts including unwanted death as people strive to acquire organs to save their loved ones. Besides, it is questionable if indeed this method would resolve the organ shortage problem bearing in mind that more people would be resistant as an expression of displeasure with such a right infringing regulation. Although compulsory organ donation may be perceived as an alternative to resolving the organ shortage problem, it should be disregarded because its disregard constitutional rights, opens door for crime, and does not guarantee positive outcomes.

UK. London: BMA.] and there have been ongoing debates among academician for legislative changes.[ Bird, S. M., & Harris, J. (2010). Time to move to presumed consent for organ donation. BMJ, 340,

There are two different systems countries use to deal with organ donations. An opt-in system where the individual needs to register to donate their organs and an opt-out system where the individual will automatically become an organ donor unless they request otherwise. Researchers from the University of Nottingham, University of Stirling and Northumbria University in the United Kingdom investigated the organ donation systems of 48 countries for a period of 13 years - 23 using an opt-in system and 25 using an opt-out system. They discovered both positive and negative outcomes with both systems. The overall data they collected concluded that the countries using the opt-in system had a higher number of kidney donations for living donors but, overall the countries using the opt-out system had a higher rate of kidney donations and organ transplants.

Humans naturally gravitate towards the act of helping people. By helping people, it gives us a sense of accomplishment and pride in what we have done. Whether you simply help someone up after they fall or become an organ donor to help others after your death, you and the person you provide the action for recieve benefits. Organ donation is a necessary act for those suffering from life-threatening diseases to have a chance at survival through transplantation. Although laws and regulations for organ donation vary from state to state, donation is still regularly used in the United States as well as worldwide. However, the current system of opting-in proves ineffective at this time. Organ donation should be based on an opt-out system rather than the current opt-in system in order to increase donation in the United States.

Main Point 1: Organ donation is such a simple and selfless action one takes to save the lives of others. Now much of what we will we discuss, also applies to living donation, but we will focus on deceased donation. The number of patients waiting for organs far exceeds the number of people who have registered to become organ donors. According to UNOS, every 10 minutes, a new name is added to the national transplant list. 20 people die everyday from the lack of available organs. Just one deceased person, can save up to 8 lives, 9 lives if you split the liver. Now if you donate tissues, you can improve the lives of up to 50 people! The need for organ donation is growing every minute. You can see why we need to register.

There are as many as 4,500 people waiting for an organ donation to save or significantly improve their life. In 2012, there were 2,124 lucky Canadians who received an organ transplant and an unfortunate 256 people who died while waiting (Government of Canada, 2013), which leaves 2,120 waiting for a transplant each year. “Composer David Foster pushed ‘presumed consent’ for organ donations” by Grant, suggests that Canada moves to an opt-out organ donation system to improve donation rates. I understand that there are a lot of legal and ethical issues regarding organ donation but I believe that an opt-out program will help improve the donation rates. Organ donations have an impact on nursing because nurses are the ones caring for the potentially very sick/dying patients as well as educating/supporting the families in their decision making process to either accept or donate an organ (Aulisio, DeVita, & Luebke, 2007).

Organ donors were required to state they voluntarily donated and sign false declarations, with some receiving a percentage of the promised €20,000, with others returning empty-handed (BOS, 2015). A myriad of poor people from Eastern Europe and central Asia were “recruited. Clientele included citizens from Canada, Germany, Poland and