Dwight D. Eisenhower's Tensions In The United States

After World War II, only two world superpowers remained: the United States of America and the Soviet Union. The contradictory political regimes of the democratic United States and the communist Soviet Union were believed to be mutually exclusive which increased bitterness between them. Inevitably, the apparent tension between the two superpowers led to the Cold War which lasted about 45 years. It was war without bloodshed or battle, instead it was a metaphorical war where the U.S and the Soviet Union increased their weapons and fought for political influence, one always wanting to excel or maintain within the range of the other. The United States’ desperate need to contain the communist political ideology from spreading any further and meet the Soviet Union’s increased development of nuclear weapons led to the their involvement in the Cold War. The impact the Cold War had on life during the 1950’s and 1960’s can be measured through the creation of the House Un-American

Dwight D. Eisenhower was born on October 14, 1890, in Denison, Texas to David and Ida Eisenhower. In 1911, Eisenhower had an appointment in West Point, New York at the United States Military Academy. His attendance had no charge. He was a star player on the football team, until his continuous knee injuries required him to quit playing. In 1915, Eisenhower graduated from West Point as a star student, and was appointed as a second lieutenant. Dwight D. Eisenhower was a man of honor and his time as president was not uneventful.

In Charles R. Lawrence, narrative story “On Racist Speech” the narrator uses the free speech and the first amendment to address the issue in which black students have no rights around their school and no saying on the decision that other people make. Also, Lawrence talks about how racist speech should not be allowed and the first amendment should not protect against it. The narrative confronts that free speech shouldn’t be allowed on the main college campus and the author uses many examples to support this statement. One of the examples he uses is the Brown vs the Board of Education. Basically, the author says that many people view this case as the principle of equal citizenships, but it’s about the free speech because Brown says that

The 1950s and the 1960s had many similarities, though they had many differences as well. Their similarities and differences include: the politics, the economy, the society, and the culture of both decades. In the 1950s, North Korea moved into South Korea and began a civil war between the two parallel countries. The reason for this dispute was the border lines as well as guerrilla fighting in the South, which created a greater tension on the issue. The reason why the U.S entered the Korean War was so that the Soviet Union would not gain another nation and, in turn, more power. Like the 50s, our country was also at war with another country in the 60s. This time, the U.S was at war with Vietnam. The U.S entered the war because the

Furthermore, there was a young girl named Linda Brown who attended a school very far away from her house. On the other hand, there is a school not to far from her ,but it’s an all white school. So Linda Brown and her family took it to court saying that blacks not being able to go to any school is a violation of the 14th amendment. The lower courts shut them down so they appealed the case to the Supreme Court. The dissenting opinion was "We conclude that the doctrine of 'separate but equal ' has no place. Separate educational facilities are inherently unequal." —Chief Justice Earl Warren. This was the precedent that was established and the final decision.The majority opinion was “The "separate but equal" doctrine adopted in Plessy v. Ferguson has no place in the field of public education.(Find Law)”.Which means that they are saying that since the last case happened on a rail car and not public education it shouldn’t have

The 3 teenagers ended up filing a Civil Rights lawsuit in federal court through their fathers, asking the court to issue an injunction that would bar the school system from further disciplining students in the same situation as well nominal damages. The district court sided with the school board, deciding that the school’s fear of this protest causing disruptions of school discipline was within reason. The Eight Circuit Court of Appeals upheld this ruling on an evenly divided vote. The students ended up bringing their case to the Supreme Court after that.

A similar incident happened when a young man tried to enrol for the University of Mississippi, an all white university. An angry mob and the governor of Mississippi tried to stop him. The case was brought to court by the NAACP and won the right for him to enrol. President Kennedy also sent troops in to protect the young man when he was enrolling but riots broke out ending in 375 people injured and two dead. The rest of the state universities in the south were slowly desegregated.

Dwight David Eisenhower was born on October 14, 1890 in Denison, Texas. He was the third of seven sons from David Jacob and Ida Elizabeth Stover Eisenhower. After his birth

In June 1950, 90,000 soldiers from the communist Korean People’s Army crossed the 38th Parallel into South Korea. The most important reason for a military response from the US was the document NSC 68, which stated that they must meet communism wherever it arises. Due to this document, it was the US assumption that the invasion on South Korea was not a Civil War due to the events in Korea, and the permanent divide in 1948. However, there was also US domestic policies, and Truman’s fear of being accused of being ‘soft on communism,’ as well as the US based organisation, the UN, which was a new institution, which Truman had to support. Furthermore, containment in Europe and Asia and the

What did civil rights activists hope to gain by bringing this test case to the Supreme Court, and what really happened?

After the Brown v. Board of Education in 1954, the supreme court ruled segregation unconstitutional. People in the south saw this change/ rule a violation of the 10 amendments rights. Years later, an event happened known as The Little Rock Crisis. The little rock crisis was when nine black students tried to go into a segregated school, in Little Rock Arkansas, September 1957-58. President Eisenhower, who sent the 101st airborne division. Was justified to do this action. He was justified to do this due to it being his duty to carry out the law, and because the protesters who were stopping the Little Rock Nine from going to school, were being violent.

First, the court had to determine if the constitutional right to freedom of speech applied to students at school. Secondly, the court had to determine if the students had actually demonstrated speech. Lastly, the court had to determine to what degree did the school extinguish the students’ speech in conjunction with school’s expectations. In 1969, in a 7-2 majority vote in favor of Tinker (students), the United States Supreme Court ruled, “It can hardly be argued,” declared the Court, “that either students or teachers shed their constitutional rights to freedom of speech and expression at the schoolhouse gate” (Imber et al p83).

The Supreme Court’s ruling did not take into account the majority opinion in Plessy versus Ferguson. Had it done so, the outcome would have been quite different. In the case of Plessy versus Ferguson, it was clear that there was some bias. Not only did it restore white supremacy but it violated the Fourteenth Amendment as well. This is because black facilities were undoubtedly unequal to those of the whites for that the white facilities were made with more quality, to say the least. Many whites were elated when the separate but equal facilities’ ruling was put into effect. For them, it was another moment to prove that the blacks were inferior. Though Kansas is not a southern state, members of the Supreme Court knew that many racists were going to be upset had the plaintiffs won. However, they did not let that hinder the outcome of the case. Because they knew what was right is right and what is wrong is wrong, the Supreme Court ruled in favor of the plaintiffs. The opinion was that, “Today it is a principal instrument in awakening the child to cultural values, in preparing him for later professional training, and in helping him to adjust normally to his environment…” They go on to say, “Does segregation of children in public schools solely on the basis of race… deprive the children of the minority group of equal educational opportunities? We believe that it does.” They go on to explain that to separate others solely because of race places a sense of

The Cold War was the name given to the time period from 1945 to 1991. After World War II, tensions began between the United States and the Soviet Union. Fighting between the United States and Soviet Union did not happen directly against each other. Instead they fought with arms races, space races, and spying. Both superpowers set aside their differences to defeat Adolf Hitler, even before the war the United States distrusted the Soviet Union. The United States disliked the way the Soviet Union ran government. They believed that the Soviet Union wanted to overthrow the non-communist governments.

Before this time, the segregation that they suffered was evident; even after the Plessy v. Ferguson case, African-Americans didn't have the same opportunities as whites, especially in the education field. Then on 1954, the Brown v. Board of Education overruled segregation in schools because it was unconstitutional. However, many states disagreed with the decision of the Supreme Court and created excuses to delay the process of desegregation. One of those states was Arkansas, where a group of whites blockaded the entrance to the school to avoid African –Americans from entering. Due to the fact that the Governor Orval Faubus did nothing to correct the situation, the President Eisenhower sent troops to guard the students of Little Rock and ensure that the rules were