Allison Kwan
Research Article Worksheet
Title of Article: Parker, Claire, Power, Maxine, Hamdy, Shaheen, Bowen, Audrey, Tyrrell, Pippa, & Thompson, David G. Awareness of dysphagia by patients following stroke predicts swallowing performance. Dyshagia, 19, 28-34.
APA format: last name, first name author (year). Title of article in lower case (if journal article). Title of journal italicized, Volume Number (Issue Number), page numbers.
The purpose of this study was to detect dysphagia awareness in 70 stroke patients, and how this awareness or lack of awareness can predict the severity of swallowing behavior.
Rationale: Why was this important exploration? Knowing the complications of swallowing after a stroke can potentially lead to
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Initially, the researchers used a swallowing assessment to observe the swallowing behaviors of the stroke patients. Starting off with a small amount of water, 3 teaspoons, then moving onto sips, and then later to larger drinks of 30 ml of water. The data collected included the ability/inability to fully swallow, coughing, chocking, or oral residue. After the swallowing assessment, the patients went through an oral interview, where questions about their own swallowing were either acknowledged or not. Here, the researchers gained a better idea on the patient’s own awareness of their swallowing …show more content…
Based off the findings, many individuals do not know they are dysphagic, meaning they are not only taking proper steps to ensure better and safer swallowing patterns, but the many individuals that have worked with these patients have not discussed or made proper swallowing a strong focus. With this idea, I think it is important to assess the types of environment these patients are living in and the type of care they receive (medically and personally, from family and friends). It may lead to a better understanding of why some patients are more aware than others. After my own learning about dysphagia, proper care for dysphagia is not an independent task, but relies on a multitude of individuals including those closest to the patient. Researching those that have a strong support system may lead to a better outcome of those with more awareness of dysphagia, hopefully leading to improved swallowing and a longer
Stroke is seen as a major health concern and this is due to the fact that every year, as many as 110,000 individuals suffers from strokes making it a key issue. (NHS 2014)
The health issue that this artifact discusses is the significance of knowing and recognizing the warning signs of a stroke. The American Heart Association has made it their mission to provide unlimited health information and research in the hopes of eliminating cardiovascular diseases as well as helping society in maintaining a healthy lifestyle. “Stroke is the number 5 cause of death and a leading cause of
The study enrolled 306 recent stroke victims with dysphagia, as defined by the WHO standards. The participants were split into groups of 102 that was randomly assigned by a computer generated program to remove bias. The three groups consisted of “usual care”, “low intensity care”, and “high intensity care”. Before carrying out therapy, all participants were given a videofluoroscopy as baseline data. One baseline data was carried out, the different groups started treatment. The low/high intensity care consisted of swallowing compensation strategies, (upright position while eating), appropriate dietary modifications (thickening of liquid food), and the teaching of safe swallowing techniques ( reduced rate of eating). The two experimental groups only differed by the amount of sessions per week. The low intensity group was seen 3 times a week for 1 month, and the high intensity group was seen every working day for 1 month.
Strokes are commonly associated with old age, symptoms and awareness are often unnoticed in young adults due to ambiguity about strokes.
Stroke is a leading health care problem worldwide; ‘living with stroke’ is a real challenge both stroke survivors and their caregivers face.
Twenty-six patients with dysphagia resulting from stroke participated in this study. All patients suffered monohemispheric stroke and were assigned randomly to treatment and sham treatment groups. Fourteen patients were assigned to the treatment group and twelve patients were assigned to the sham treatment group. Patients received repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) treatment over the esophageal motor cortex to the affected motor cortex for five consecutive days with pulses at intensity levels of 120% over their hand motor threshold for 300 pulses. Motor disability and dysphasia were assessed “before and immediately after the last session and then again after 1 and 2 months” (p. 155).
When DG was first admitted to hospital, the damage from the stroke seemed significantly worse. His speech was unintelligible, the oral stage of his swallow was slow and he was immobile. During the acute stages, DG was very agitated and struggled with fatigue. A combination of early intervention and spontaneous recovery helped DG to progress rapidly. Although his oral transit of food was still slower than pre-stroke, assessment
Dysphagia is a swallowing disorder that is described as an abnormality in transferring a solid or liquid bolus from the oral cavity to the stomach (Bernard, Loeslie, & Rabatin, 2015). With a diagnosis of dysphagia, a patient will likely aspirate foods and/or liquids of different consistencies. Aspiration is “the entry of food or liquid into the airway below the true vocal folds” (Logemann, 1998, p. 5). Specifically, thin liquid dysphagia occurs when a patient aspirates while consuming any liquids that are not thickened, such as water. Patients with thin-liquid dysphagia are often prescribed a modified thickened liquid-only diet, meaning they consume liquids that are thickened to a greater consistency of nectar, honey, or pudding (Carlaw et al., 2007). An increased viscosity reduces the flow rate of a bolus, makes it more cohesive, and is easier for many people to control intraorally, thus preventing spillage into the airway (Murray, Miller, Doeltgen, & Scholten, 2013). Dysphagia can also contribute to the occurrence of aspiration pneumonia. Aspiration pneumonia occurs “when organisms infiltrate the lower respiratory tract during an episode of aspiration and the
3000 word essay on patient with left sided stroke with one identified health need/problem: Dysphagia
Dysphasia is defined as the difficulty of food moving from the mouth to the stomach (Logemann, 1983); however, this definition can be expanded. According to Logemann (1983), this definition has been expanded to include all of the motor, behavioral, and sensory acts that are needed to prepare the body for the process of the swallow as well as cognitive abilities, and physiological responses to the smell of the food or liquid. A disorder can occur to any of these functions, so typically the process is broken down by the phases of the swallow. Such as, oral dysphasia, pharyngeal dysphasia, and esophageal dysphasia (Logemann, 1983). The list of signs and symptoms are endless due to the fact that the process has so many steps,
For the measure Dysphagia Screening the result was 75% with a denominator of four and a numerator of three. Our percentage is low due to the low volume at the
Other causes for the individual to require speech may include dysphagia, vocal cord impairment, or cognitive deficits. While the individual is on a ventilator via a tracheostomy, the ability to speak aloud is lost. Interventions to improve communication include instructing the individual on how to communicate by with mouthing the words, or by having the caregiver plug the trach with a gloved finger (finger occlusion), or if applicable, using the plugging/capping/button intervention which occludes the trach while allowing voice production so that the individual can speak. Mouthing of words is used if the other interventions are not tolerated, and tactics such as intraoral sounds are utilized to get the caregiver’s attention. In the case that vocal cord impairment is present after removal of the trach, vocal cord exercises may be implemented. If the individual is having dysphagia, a food consistency a liquid level evaluation will be performed to assess any impairments the individual may have. Once the problems have been established, ST will establish a plan that involves exercises that include oral motor exercises, pharyngeal strengthening, and deep pharyngeal neuromuscular stimulation along with implementing a diet with the accurate consistency needed for swallowing safety. If the individual is suspected to have a brain injury, cognition may be evaluated for
You may be surprised how many times you swallow throughout the day -- every time you eat or drink something, you have to swallow multiple times. You also swallow salvia throughout the day. The condition where one has difficulty swallowing is referred to as dysphagia or the swallowing disorder. Use this guide to better understand what your loved one is going through, and how a qualified speech pathologist can assist them.
Ernest Hemmingway’s “Hills Like White Elephants” is narrated in an omniscient third-person point of view. Hemingway’s minimalistic style doesn’t discuss many characters in the story, but rather focuses on their engagements and discourse. The narrator in this story gives little to no insight into what is happening. However, with this style of writing, Hemingway is able to present many themes that are apparent throughout the short story. One of the themes I have chosen to focus on is alcohol. Alcohol is highlighted throughout the two-character’s serious discussion. The conversation is full of tension regarding the operation that the man wants the girl to undergo. With all this tension, the alcohol seems to act as a distraction or escape
The type of liquids that individuals consume, especially those with dysphagia, can have a significant impact on the efficiency of their oropharyngeal swallow. Several studies have looked at the overall effect of drinking carbonated liquids in children with dysphagia, adults with dysphagia or those with a neurologic impairment. It is thought by some researchers that using carbonated beverages in dysphagia rehabilitation will trigger the swallow more easily, and may decrease the risk of aspiration. Each study investigated whether or not this was true, and if drinking carbonated beverages helped improve the efficiency of the swallow in the participants.