E Coil Research Paper

One of the biggest epidemics that hit the seen this year is the ongoing e-coil scare that involves six states and 45 people with the fast growing Mexican food chain Chipotle. Currently the Center for Disease Control Prevention has tracked a serious strand of e-coil, to a common meal item or ingredient served at Chipotle Mexican Grill restaurants in several states. Out of those 45 people that have came in contact with the strand of e-coil 16 of them have been hospitalized due to the severeness of the strand. This epidemic can be categorized as being serious do to the fact that it has spread over many states and yet it has not been pinpointed to a specific cause.

-If the potassium transport pump was blocked the leakage channels would still be open allowing Na+ to

The effects of the E. coli toxin are can be mild diahorrea, abdominal cramps, vomiting and low grade fever.

“You want to attend Manual for high school, only nerds go there.”, many people say. A lot of people don’t understand DuPont Manual high school or the environment. DuPont Manual high school is a place where you can be yourself, while focusing on a certain area of expertise. This school gives someone who wants to be successful, many opportunities in many different areas However, many people have a certain perception of Manual. They feel only “nerds” go there. When actually people who want to experience what success, opportunity, tradition, and a diversity feels like attend DuPont Manual high school. I specifically want to attend the J&C magnet because of my love of writing, reporting, and debating! I’ve always loved to report what is happening in my community and school. I also love debating on certain topics to view different outlooks and opinions.

The purpose of this lab was to find out how gaviscon reacted with different salt solutions. Sodium Alginate is a compound that forms with the Gaviscon and forms a “raft” and blocks all the stomach acid from traveling up the esophagus.

Escherichia coli (E. coli) is a bacteria usually found in warm blooded organisms such as human and animal intestines. Although there are large groups of E.coli, most strains are harmless. Other strains of the bacteria may cause diarrhea, respiratory illnesses and food poisoning. Some strains such as O157:H7 can cause kidney failure or severe anemia. Exposure to E.coli can be in the form of food, water, undercooked meat and even raw vegetables. Symptoms may include: nausea and vomiting, severe stomach cramps and stomach tenderness, diarrhea containing blood.

Strains of Escherichia coli and Citrobacter rodentium contain set of operons called the locus enterocyte effacement (LEE) region in their genomes. This region encodes a type III secretion system (T3SS).

10 Tsai, Billy, and Tom A. Rapoport. "Unfolded cholera toxin is transferred to the ER membrane and released from protein disulfide isomerase upon oxidation by Ero1." The Journal of cell biology 159.2 (2002): 207-216.

Furthermore, dangerous strains of E. coli, such as E. coli O157:H7, produces toxins such as Shiga toxins. These toxins have the capabilities to damage the lining of the small intestine, which can result in stomach cramps, diarrhea, vomiting, nausea and bloody stool. If a person can come into contact with a contaminated source, symptoms can appear about three to four days after exposure and can usually last between one to nine days. The infected host is considered contagious until their symptoms stop and even a couple days after that. The way E. coli O157:H7 is diagnosed is by a special stool culture that is sent to a stool laboratory, where tests are run to

Escherichia coli (E.coli) has been a public health issue since the 1980s and is a major concern in food contamination in products like beef, dairy, and fresh produce. E.coli 0157:H7 itself is not invasive but it produces a Shiga toxin which attacks the host small blood vessels in the kidney. This makes the kidneys work harder which can destroy red blood cells and lead to hemolytic anemia (lowered number of red blood cells produced). The incubation period for E. coli ranges from three to eight days. The infection often causes severe bloody diarrhea and abdominal cramps, but can also cause non-bloody diarrhea or no symptoms. E.coli may greatly affects children and the elderly.

Characteristic of this family, each KCNJ11 subunit has 2 transmembrane domains. This KATP channel exists as an octamer, consisting of both KCNJ11 (Kir6.2) and SUR1 together, which are present in a 4:4 ratio in every channel [3]. It is KCNJ11 that has the pore forming region, and that sets the resting potential of the cell at -70 mV, as this is the equilibrium potential for K+ [3][6]. ATP binding to the KCNJ11 subunit is what causes the characteristically important closing step of the KATP channel, and the depolarizing of the cell, along with the rest of the cascade leading to insulin release [3]. This is intuitive, as increased glucose uptake will cause increased ATP production, and thus high ATP levels cause the insulin releasing cascade. However, an alternate mechanism exists to control the open vs. closed state of the channel. SUR1 is a regulatory subunit, whose role can be seen during interactions with MgADP (ADP bound to Mg for stabilization) [3]. When MgADP interacts with SUR1, it counteracts the effect from ATP binding to the KCNJ11 subunit, and causes stimulation of the channel, such that it will allow for the current of K+ to resume [3]. This is intuitive as well, as increasing levels of MgADP would indicate a shift in the [ATP]/[ADP] ratio towards ADP, meaning the cell is not taking up enough glucose to create sufficient ATP. The cellular stores of ATP are

Bunches of spherical shapes (Staphylococci) looks mosaic, Streptobacillus, the veined structure is more pronounced, Vibrio shapes (slightly curved, but not distinctly spiral)

In math class I would get my work done, then I would help students with questions that they didn’t understand. I like helping people that have trouble with the topics in math class. Math is my favorite subject. I like doing math in class and it’s one of the classes I do better than others. I really enjoy doing projects in math and science class. I especially like when we had to make our own rockets out of paper and tape. We even flew them. Also, we made a lava lamp. Well, in 6th grade I had math has my first block and that would cheer me up every single day in the morning. Those are some reasons why I want to be in the MST magnet program.

A model cell was made of a visking tube filled with ‘cell contents’. The cell contents represent the cytoplasm of a cell structure membrane. The visking tube represents the plasma membrane of the cell. It acts as a semi-permeable barrier as

Most e coli do not affect people and actually are a very important part of keeping people healthy especially in the intestinal tract. Although there are some e coli that are pathogenic this means that they cause illness this is done either by giving people diarrhoea or illness that is outside the intestinal tract. These types of e coli that cause diarrhoea are usually transmitted through contaminated water ,food, or contact with animals or persons. E coli kill people by causing dehydration from diarrhoea and vomiting. E coli are considered gram negative bacteria. Colonies of e coli are circular in shape as well as having an entire margin it is also raised and size is considered punctiform (small). The texture of the colony is also smooth and the appearance is shiny and is no pigmented (colourless) as well as being