EPHLI Core Essentials

The Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FFDC) can be found in chapter 9 of title 21 in

The Toxic Substance Control Act was enacted to protect both humans and the environment from the effects of toxic or harmful chemicals. The Environmental Protection Agency was placed in charge of this act, and has since been enforcing and amending it. The EPA is permitted to define testing requirements for all chemicals, and can also restrict the manufacture and sale of any particularly hazardous chemicals. In addition, all imports and exports of these chemicals must be recorded at every step along the journey to ensure that regulations

Regulations made to minimize the risk of illness through food are based on the government’s understanding of science. While food businesses consider both the quality and safety of food, the government focuses only on food safety.

There are regulatory bodies such as the Health and Safety Executive (HSE), National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) and the Food

New York, Connecticut, and EPA along with the federal Clean Water Act are ensuring enforcement to see a healthier Sound. The provisions of the federal Clean Water Act provide a vehicle for ensuring that nitrogen reduction targets are legally enforceable. A section of the Act (303(d)) requires the identification of a Total Maximum Daily Load for pollutants that will result in the accomplishment of water quality standards. Once a Total Maximum Daily Load has been established, the act calls for reductions to be allocated to sources so that the

Two major laws that are regulated by the EPA are the Clear Air Act and the Clean Water Act. These laws, passed by Congress, give the EPA the authority to write regulations. The Clean Air Act regulates emissions of hazardous substances into the air. The set the air emissions standards in which businesses must abide by or face penalties. The Clean Water Act restricts the release of pollutants into water. The goal of both of these laws is to protect the public and provide clean drinking water and sustainable habitats for marine life. The EPA also regulates many other environmental health concerns. They regulate hazardous substances such as asbestos, lead, and mold. They also have a large role in tackling major environment

Access the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) website through the student website. This site can be used to review toxic substances.

is duty bound to follow regulations and laws to ensure the safety of consumers by

The food safety (General Food Hygiene) regulates 1995, 2005 and 2006 referring to the need of identify and possible risks surrounding food hygiene, and to put controls in place to ensure any risk is reduced. The regulations also specify how premises that provide food should be equipped and organised.

Many politicians have already worked on such solutions but with less than perfect results. In this article I will describe the solutions that Congress has proposed, the underlying issues with each of these solutions and discuss what I believe to be a better approach that calls for a quality control unit to provide regulatory support.

In 1976, Congress passed the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) in response to a growing national concern about public exposure to toxic chemicals. Since then, it has largely been hailed as a failure for two reasons. First, TSCA has been unable to effectively compel producers to test and disclose adequate information on chemical toxicity. Second, it has been ineffective at designating sufficient resources to the EPA to identify and reduce the possible health and environmental risks associated with new chemicals. Nonetheless, it has been devoid of major revisions since its implementation. In the nearly 40 years of congressional inaction on this issue, many states have intervened by enacting stricter chemical laws that fill in TSCA’s gaps.

The EPA is the agency responsible for setting all of the regulations and rules for drinking water. These regulations apply to individuals, businesses, state and local governments, non-profit institutions etc. Congress passes laws to govern the U.S but they have authorized the EPA and other federal agencies to help them put the laws into effect and to make sure they are as effective as possible. The first two steps in this process consists of Congress writing and the president approving a bill. Then the act must be “codified” by applying it to the United States Code. The United States Code is basically a list of permanent laws for the U.S. As soon as the law has been made official, agencies like the EPA begin to create regulations for the specific law to make it apply to individuals, businesses, and local governments; all of this to make the law work for everyone every day. The regulations set standards for each aspect of daily life that go along with the law. For example, the EPA will come up with specific levels of sulfur dioxide that is allowed in our air to coincide with the Clean Air Act to protect human health and the environment. The regulations in this example would tell industries and businesses exactly how much sulfur dioxide they can emit into the air

The environment and the health of the surrounding population go hand in hand. The Environmental Protection Agency takes on this ever so important mission of protecting them both. The mission statement of the EPA states, “The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Office of Small Business Programs is to support the protection of human health and the environment by advocating and advancing the business, regulatory, and environmental compliance concerns of small and socio-economically disadvantaged businesses, and minority academic institutions (US Enviromental Protection Agency, 2010).” The impact of its mission can be defined clearly as it examines the impact of contamination in the air, the water, and the land on human health.

1) “Preventive Control”, this is the first time the FDA have a legislative mandate to require comprehensive, science-based preventive controls across the food supply. This mandate includes: mandatory preventive controls for food facilities, mandatory produce safety standards, and authority to prevent intentional contamination. Mandatory preventive controls for food facilities means food facilities are required to implement a written preventive

The Food Standards Agency deals with the safety of the food regime, established by Parliament to protect the public’s health and consumer interests in respect of food. It has a specific remit to provide consumer education. It is a Government agency, responsible to Parliament through Health ministers and to the devolved administrations. The Food Standards Agency has national offices in Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. (Food Standards Agency 2010)