EZSCAN: Diagnosing Early Diabetes

Diabetes is a disease where the body is unable to produce or use insulin effectively. Insulin is needed for proper storage and use of carbohydrates. Without it, blood sugar levels can become too high or too low, resulting in a diabetic emergency. It affects about 7.8% of the population. The incidence of diabetes is known to increase with age. It’s the leading cause of end-stage renal disease in the US, and is the primary cause of blindness and foot and leg amputation. It is known to cause neuropathy in up to 70% of diabetic patients. Individuals with diabetes are twice as likely to develop cardiovascular disease. There are two types of diabetes: Type 1 and Type 2.

Diabetes is a growing concern and health challenge for the American people (b). Diabetes is a condition in which the body cannot react to insulin appropriately or either cannot produce insulin efficiently (w). “Without a properly functioning insulin signaling system, blood glucose levels become elevated and other metabolic abnormalities occur, leading to the development of serious, disabling complications” (w). There are numerous forms of diabetes amongst the nation, however, there are three main forms of diabetes. Most people have heard of type one diabetes, type two diabetes, and gestational diabetes because they are common. Type two diabetes deals with a resistance to insulin, while

1 January 2017. The purpose of this source is for general scientific research and understanding diabetes. This gives the view on ongoing research, equipment modifications, changes in governmental regulations and the constant flow of information relating to the use of medicines, equipment and

Offer lifestyle advice and check a FBG at 6-13 weeks after birth in those women with GDM. Do not routinely offer an oral glucose tolerance testo

Diabetes is a continuing unhealthy that needs medical treatment till the last day of life and intervention and support of nurse and adjustment of lifestyle. Diabetes is a disease which is difficult to heal, but possible to be controlled the level of sugar in the blood or urine. It is a dangerous situation for any person where the level of blood sugar elevates and it is one of the most common disruptive that originated in the endocrine. Therefore, this essay is discussing regarding an innovative instrument known as EZSCAN, a monitoring device for the existence of glucose and also debating regarding the experimental outcomes and implication for treatment preparation.

The primary outcome that will be studied is the blood glucose levels in patients. Blood glucose tests measure the amount of sugar in a sample of blood and is the main tool to check for diabetes control. This will be analyzed in two ways. The first one will be fasting blood glucose levels that patients recall for the previous weeks and that will be informed to the doctor during their appointment. This information will be obtained during the follow-up visits to the doctor that will happen every 3 months for 12 months. The other way it will be analyzed is through the Hemoglobin A1c blood test for a blood sample provided during the doctor’s appointment, which will also occur during the baseline visit and the four 3-month follow-up

Various organizations have defined prediabetes with criteria that are not uniform. According to World Health Organization (WHO), high risk of diabetes is related to two specifically defined states, impaired fasting glucose (IFG) defined as fasting plasma glucose (FPG) of 6.1-6.9 mmol/L (110-125 mg/dL) and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) defined as postload plasma glucose of 7.8-11.0 mmol/L (140-200 mg/dL) based on a 2 hour oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) or a combination of the two (1). The American Diabetes Association (ADA), on the other hand has the same cut-off value for IGT (140-200 mg/dL) but has a lower cut-off value for IFG (100-125 mg/dL) and has additional hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) based criteria of a level of 5.7-6.4% (2). Several studies have shown poor correlation between HbA1c and IFG and IGT (3-5). The usefulness of diagnosis diabetes or pre-diabetes on basis of IFG and IGT have been challenged due to inability of these blood glucose cut points to capture pathology related to diabetes and probability of developing diabetes in future (6). These cut-offs further loose their credibility due to poor reproducibility of these tests in

Type 2 diabetes is an unending condition that influences the way the body produces glucose otherwise called glucose. With Type 2 diabetes the body does not create enough insulin or opposes the insulin. Diabetes has a noteworthy impact in the lives of people. There are more than 3 million cases in the United States every year. At times there are side effects were the individual can get it early however in different cases there are no side effects demonstrating the nearness of a non working pancreas. Additional research on diabetes should be led keeping in mind the end goal to instruct individuals that are at high danger of developing this disease and what should be done to counteract and treat it.

The dataset that we used is Pima.te. This dataset is from the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. The objects of this dataset are the Indian females whose age are equal to or greater than 21, and they live near the Phoenix, Arizona. The reason that the participants were selected near the near Phoenix, AZ is because the incidence of diabetes is higher in this region since 1965. The purpose of this dataset is to analyze relativity of diabetes and other variables which including npreg (pregnant frequency), glu (blood glucose was tested by oral glucose), Bp (diastolic pressure), skin (the thickness of skin folds of the triceps), bmi (body max index), ped (diabetes ancestry function), and age. It consists 332

Criteria for detecting diabetes has not changedin nearly 50 years, with fasting blood glucose serving as the primary test

In 2011, millions of cases of diabetes had been reported across the world by the World Health Organization. Many complications in the body can come as a result of diabetes. Diabetes affects the nervous and reproductive systems along with cardiac and urinary functions. Disability and death at an earlier age are also results of diabetes that is not treated properly or at all. These complications urge researchers to perfect the treatment for diabetes. There are two problems when it comes to controlling glucose in a person’s blood. The two problems are trying to make the number of glucose measurements more consistent and the type of therapy needed to help control the glucose in a patient’s blood.

Diabetes Mellitus is an endocrine disorder characterised by the body’s inability to produce insulin or the ineffective use of insulin present in the body. The major classifications include type 1, type 2, and gestational diabetes (Day, Paul, & Williams, 2016). While early signs and symptoms of diabetes mellitus may be present in individuals, the healthcare provider must perform several diagnostic tests in order to properly diagnose the disease and come up with a plan of treatment. There are a variety of serum glucose tests available to help diagnose prediabetes and diabetes

It is convenient and cheap. Therefore, it’s the most used diabetes test. In this test, the patient has to fast at least eight hours and then the blood glucose levels are taken. If the level is 126 mg/dL or higher that indicates the person has diabetes. At last, there is the Oralc Glucose Tolerance Test or OGTT. First, the patient also need to fast for eight hours, then drink a solution containing 75 grams of glucose and wait two more hours. If the test gives a level of 200 mg/dL or above this person is diabetic. All of the tests should at least be conducted twice if not thrice to make sure there is no mistake (American Diabetes Association, 2014).

Ascertaining pertinent information to address uncontrolled insulin dependent diabetes (P), How does the allotment of patient

Diabetes Mellitus is “a group of metabolic diseases characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action or both. It is a disease which is caused by the insufficient insulin secretion or decrease in the peripheral effects of insulin. It is a serious problem in terms of morbidity and mortality. The hyperglycemia is associated with long term damage, dysfunction and failure of various organs especially the eyes, kidneys, nerves, heart and blood vessels. It’s associated with many complications which includes blindness of the eyes and amputations of the extremities. It is also associated with neuropathy, retinopathy, and cardiovascular diseases which lead to mortalities.