Early 20th Century Antibiotics Research Paper

The outlook on antibiotics has changed dermadicly since we have fist started using them. Antibiotics is a substance that is produced by a microorganism that can kill or prevent the growth of another microorganism. The major conflict that will be covered in the paper is antibiotic resistance. Antibiotics resistance

The discovery of penicillin was one of the most important discoveries in the 1900s and marks a turning point in human history. Penicillin was one of the world’s first antibiotics which eventually evolved into modern antibiotics that are used today; it has often been described as a miracle drug. The discovery of penicillin meant that doctors finally could completely cure their patients of deadly diseases. After World War I, many soldiers died from infected wounds because the antiseptics used, killed the patients’ immunological defences more than they killed the invading bacteria. Penicillin kills bacteria by destroying the cell wall of the microorganism causing the cell to burst; it was very effective in clearing bacteria without harming the

Antibiotics differ from many other drugs in the fact that the treatment is for a very short time compared to drugs used to treat hypertension, diabetes, Parkinson’s, or cancer. The latter disorders have in common that the treatment, from the moment of diagnosis, is life-long. The treatment period for antibiotics is only a few weeks, making the return of investment poor. Increasing demands of authorities in both development and marketing phase and in legislation increase the costs of new antibiotics.[1] [3]

To understand the functions of antibiotic and antimicrobial use in the food industry one must consider how antibiotics became incorporated in the industry over the past few decades. Antibiotic use erupted during WWII where they were developed at a large scale to control human infections. This mixed in with the high demand for food during the war lead to antibiotics becoming economically advantages for use on farm animals. During the 1940s research labs conducted experiments to examine the effects of antibiotics administered to food animals. These experiment lead to findings of antibiotics being used to treat diseases in animals. Due to the high demand of food for the war antibiotics were used as nutrition for animals to supplement the plant-based

Antibiotics were introduced to people in 1929, which could restrain the normal growth of the other bacteria called antimicrobial activity, was found by British scientist Alexander Fleming by coincidence. Then scientists used antibiotics, to cure injured soldiers and got great success during the World War. With the efforts of many scientists in the past half of the century, thousand kinds of antibiotics are found, which could be natural, semi-synthetic or synthetic, and many of them are used in medical field successfully.

For over 50 years, antibiotics have been used to do many useful things. During the World War II, it has been extremely useful especially to cure infectious wounds and treat diseases. However, people wonder how antibiotics are made or how it works. Well, it may be a shock but, bacteria actually makes antibiotics up. This one celled organism can be found everywhere and on everyone on the globe.

Ampicillin is used to treat infections that are caused by a certain type of bacteria.

Antibiotics are known to be used for fighting off bacteria oriented diseases. “Antibiotics work by blocking vital processes in bacteria, killing the bacteria, or stopping them from multiplying.” (NPS). There is two categories for antibiotics: broad-spectrum and narrow-spectrum. Broad-spectrum antibiotics such as amoxycillin and gentamicin are drugs that are used

Derived from the Penicillium mold, penicillin has become one of greatest medical discovery of all time. Penicillin is used worldwide for so many medical issues, whether it be for allergies or helping people who are wounded. Back in World War II, penicillin was discovered which saved hundreds of lives. Alexander Flemming and Howard Florey are two scientistswho have helped discover penicillin and its medical properties.

Discovered completely by accident, Penicillin, one of the the world’s best and first anti killing bacteria saved thousands of lives during WWI and WWII thanks to its powerful ability to kill infectious bacteria. It was discovered by a British man named Dr.Fleming in England,1928.

Until the 1970s, many new antibiotics found that at first is still sensitive. The last new class of antibiotics discovered in the 1980s (Figure 2.1). After the 1980s increasingly difficult to find new antibiotics, to maintain the efficacy of existing antibiotics were necessary measures to minimize the increase and spread of resistance to antibiotics, while efforts to find and develop new methods of treatment of the infection is still continued.1,15

Penicillin is an antibiotic used today to prevent bacteria from reproducing. Since its discovery in 1928, it has been developed into several different types that are commonly used all around the world. Events that led to the use of penicillin were an accidental discovery, but through extensive research and testing, it has been developed and produced into a useful medicine to fight off bacteria.

The discovery of antimicrobial agents for the treatment of infectious diseases has been heralded as one of the greatest medical achievements of the 20th century. However, use, misuse, and abuse of antimicrobial agents has led to an increase in the population of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria and has become a major public health threat the world over. Unfortunately the pace of developing new treatments has not kept pace with the growing problem, leading to increased mortality and morbidity rates. Only through education programs and development of new classes of treatment can this epidemic hoped to be controlled. The proliferation of antibiotic resistance is a continuing problem for all members of the human race and only with concerted efforts of all can the continued efficacy of antibiotics be preserved.

"Antibiotics continue to be powerful weapons to fight infection, but inappropriate use makes the treatment of microbial infections increasingly challenging. Successful antibiotic stewardship can help mitigate the development of antimicrobial resistance and lead to better outcomes (MLO, 2016)." The first antibiotic introduced and produced in the United States was penicillin in the 1940's. From 1940 to 1960 more than 20 new classes of antibiotics were introduced, and resistant strains developed within five years of each new class. Although the research for new antibiotics has stalled, the use and distribution of antibiotics has increased (Smith, 2015).

Many drugs develop in 20th century due to advance modern technology and the diseases are becoming easily curable. By creating antibiotics, the doctors avoided using Surgery to know what the problem inside the body is. During in ancient the treatment was based on herbal or old methods like Cupping, Trepanation (drilling holes in your head), or leeches (kind of worm) which used to bloodletting from the patient. After the revolution of invention microscope many scientist, whose studies antimicrobial, knew the shape or structure membrane of the bacteria and the Factors that determine bacteria's life (e.g. temperature, pH, osmatic pressure, oxygen, carbon, radiation, etc.). The first antibacterial drugs was in 1933, by Gerhard Domagk at the Bayer Laboratories in Germany, which deserved Nobel Prize for Medicine in 1939. During world war II, a tyrothricin (type of antibiotics) were very efficient to treat wounds and ulcers and it was the first commercially manufactured antibiotic