Early Astronomy Observation

1 Galileo - Used a telescope to confirm the findings of the Polish astronomer Copernicus.

Johannes Kepler was a man who made a surplus of achievements and discovery. What he is most known for is discovering that planets don’t go in a circular motion around the

God is known as the creator of Earth and one who knows everything. However, Galileo’s invention of the telescope has found things our leader did not inform us about Earth. Galileo believed earth was immobile and the sky was unchanging but his invention later proved otherwise. He discovered four moons around Jupiter proving that everything in our Universe did not circle the Earth. The telescope led him to see the rings of Saturn, phases of Venus, sunspots, and stars in the Milky Way.

He also discovered that human bodies fall at the same velocity, the moon is not smooth, and many other astronomical discoveries that led to his label of

The telescope is an instrument which increases our ability to observe far away objects through the collection of electromagnetic radiation, the most prevalent type of telescope is the optical telescope which collects light, however there are other kinds of telescopes which collect UV and X -Rays. Optical telescopes use lenses to redirect light to a specified point. Different lenses are used for different magnifications of celestial objects. This essay will be mainly discussing optical telescopes.

In 1609, Galilei became interested in the "Dutch perspective glasses" which allowed you to see far objects up close and decided to make one of his own. Within days he had created one without ever actually seeing a model of the design. However, he was not quite satisfied with the beginning model so he continued to improve the design that led him officially to present his creation to the Venetian State. This caused a shift in his career as the Senate set him up permanently as a lecturer at the University of Padua. This led to his invention of the telescope, that like Lippershey was able to let far objects seem close. Galilei made the telescope with a magnification of twenty times and allowed him to be the first to point the telescope to the moon. This was a change in astronomy history as it allowed him to discover and uncover information about space.

Galileo’s use of the telescope in 1609 revolutionized the field of astronomy because his observations disproved the geocentric theory and provided strong evidence for the Copernican/Heliocentric system. Galileo discovered four satellites orbiting Jupiter; this observation contradicted the geocentric theory by proving that it is possible for objects to orbit something other than Earth. His observation of the phases of Venus supported the heliocentric theory because he discovered they were similar to the Moon’s phases (from thin crescent to full) which would not be possible if Venus orbited the Earth as it would never pass behind the Sun. Further, he observed that Venus changed size which would be expected if it was orbiting the sun as predicted by the Copernican system.

The telescope was not an invention made just to look up into the stars and see what you can find it actually helped make discoveries like Dark energy, how old the universe is and how the universe were different long ago. First, the

Copernicus concluded that every planet, including Earth, revolved around the Sun. He also determined that the Earth rotates daily on its axis and that the Earth's motion affected what people saw in the heavens. Copernicus did not have the tools to prove his theories. By the 1600s, astronomers such as Galileo would develop the physics that would prove he was correct. Copernicus died on May 24, 1543.

Galileo was the first to challenge the assertions of Aristotle, who until that moment had been the one to make discoveries about physics. In this period he made the hydrostatic balance, which later gave rise to the grandfather clock. From the first telescope construction information, in Holland, he built the first astronomical telescope and with it, could observe the stellar composition of the Milky Way, the satellites of Jupiter, the spots of the sun and the phases of Venus. These astronomical findings were reported to the world through the book Sidereus Nuncius (Messenger of the Stars), in 1610. It was by observing the phases of Venus, Galileo went to see the foundation Copernican view (Heliocentric - The Sun as center of the universe) and

Galileo Galilei was the first person to study the sky with the telescope. He discovered craters and mountains on the moon and saw black patches on the sun called sun spots. Most importantly he discovered that there were moons that orbited Jupiter. Galileo supported Copernicus and his explanations. Most thought that if the Earth was moving at this incredible speed, there was no way the moon could stay with it. Galileo’s discovery showed that if Jupiter moved and it had moons, then the Earth could move without the moon getting lost.

In summer of 1609, Galileo Galilei (1564-1642) pointed his revolutionary astronomical telescope to the heavens under the starry Venetian sky; his greatly important observations unveiled the mysteries of universe and would end up changing the course of scientific thought forever. Galileo lived in an age where there was much status quo, when scientists and philosophers would accept scientific and religious doctrine that had stood for hundreds, if not thousands, of years instead of challenging the accepted knowledge in favor of intellectual progress. Galileo’s scientific methods lead to significant discoveries explaining key scientific laws, such as the

One of Galileo’s most notable inventions that he used to make many discoveries was the telescope. In 1609 Galileo heard of the telescope being developed, he decided to construct one himself with the minimal information about it he had. When he finally produced a sample of it, he decided to turn it to the sky Astronomy went forward because of Galileo’s telescope and its uses (Galileo and the Telescope).

In 1609, Galileo Galilei, using “spyglass” which allowed one to see things closer than they appeared, made an early version of the telescope. With it, he observed the skies in a way no one had before. He discovered the moon isn’t perfectly globular, it has craters, the Sun has sunspots, Venus orbits the Sun (contrary to widespread belief in his time), and then he observed four “stars” around Jupiter (“Our Solar System”). Within

Through practice Galileo became good to observe the stars and were able to identify craters on the moon.