Earthworm Dissection Lab

4. Locate the clitellum (copulatory organ); this structure is closest to the anterior of the earthworm.

3.Continue to cut along the incision until the cow eye is cut into two separate pieces.

All organisms in the world have a range of systems and organs in their body. Some organisms may share similar body systems while others have absolutely nothing in common. Several of those organisms include humans, pigs, crayfish, and earthworms. From their mushy, gushy organs to their soft, gentle skin, you may think, “How are humans and pigs possibly alike? Or a crayfish and an earthworm?” In many ways they may not be, but in other ways, they are very much alike. The body systems that will be compared and contrasted of these organisms are the nervous, circulatory, reproductive, muscular, integumentary, digestive, excretory, and skeletal systems.

According to the list of materials, the instruments that will be used in this dissection are scissors, dissecting pins, a scalpel, a dissecting tray, a probe, forceps, dissecting needles, and a cord.

When society thinks about crayfish and earthworms they become extremely curious about how their bodies operate because of how they are made up. I will give a brief synopsis of both animals before going into major detail about them. According to the online website named dictionary.com, it says that an earthworm is a burrowing annelid worm that lives in the soil. Earthworms play an important role in aerating and draining the soil and in burying organic matter (Dictionary). Crayfish are nocturnal freshwater crustacean that resembles a small lobster and inhabits in streams and rivers (Dictionary). Crayfish and earthworms are some very interesting animals that possess some exclusive qualities both similar and different.

Time out was performed and all information was accurate and confirmed. Skin marker is used to mark incision line. A #10 knife blade on a #3 handle is used to make a vertical suprapubic incision is made through the skin and linea alba extending from below the umbilicus to the symphysis. The rectus muscles are retracted with Richardson retractors to develop the prevesical space. Blunt dissection by the surgeon’s finger is used to reflect the peritoneum superiorly away from the dome of the

• Your surgeon will spread the incision wide enough to examine the inside of your abdomen.

Create a dorsal flap in the carapace by making two lateral cuts extending along each side of the thorax and forward the head, meeting just behind the eyes.

    What you will need for the dissections of the crayfish is: a crayfish dissections kit, a crayfish, a place for you to put the crayfish, gloves, and goggles. When starting to dissect a crayfish you will want to use scissors at the beginning and start cutting from the side of the abdomen up to its eye on both sides. Once you have done that you will want to lift the carapace and use a probe-like stick to get the muscles and maybe the heart off of the inside of the carapace. After you have

• Examine the outer surface of the brain and locate the dura matter (the outer toughest layer of the brain). • Remove the dura matter. • Place the brain on dissecting tray and position its ventral surface upward. Identify olfactory nerve, optic nerves, optic chiasm, pons, medulla oblongata, and spinal cord. • Position the brain with its ventral surface down and identify cerebral hemispheres, cerebral lobes (frontal, parietal, temporal, and occipital), cerebellum, longitudinal fissure, and transverse fissure.

A bone saw will be used to connect the burr holes and to cut out the bone flap. After the bone flap is removed, work will be done on the brain.

PROCEDURE: Patient was taken to the OR where she was given spinal anesthesia. She was then prepped and draped in the usual fashion for cesarean section. A Pfannenstiel incision was made carried down to the fascia. The fascia was (__) lateral and was directly separated from the rectus muscle. Rectus muscle was divided, the peritoneum cavity was entered. The O access ring was placed,

The red wiggler earthworms (Eisenia foetida) casts contain nutrients and minerals that the plant needs to survive (Elmer). Red Wriggler earthworms are epigeic, meaning their surface dwellers, they scavenge for organic waste and are commonly found in woods, under the leaves, and on the ground, or in manure (Yard, Habitat). The red wriggler earthworms belong to the Phylum Annelida and as such have adaptions to make burrowing in the ground easier. Phylum Annelida have segmented body’s’ containing a head and anus; their coelom allows for hydrostatic skeleton to aid in more efficient movement (Yard, Classification). Red Wriggler Earthworms contain chaetae which are tiny bristles which facilities movement through and on substances (Yard,

The chest organs, including the heart and lungs, are inspected. After any organ is removed, the pathologist will save a section in preservative solution. The pathologist takes blood from the heart to check for bacteria in the blood. For this, he uses a very large hypodermic needle and syringe. He may also find something else that will need to be sent to the microbiology lab to search for infection. The pathologist will send blood, urine, bile, or even the fluid of the eye for chemical study and to look for medicine, street drugs, alcohols, and/or poisons. After the chest has been examine the abdominal cavity is inspected, the first dissection in the abdomen is usually freeing up the large intestine. Some pathologist do this with a scalpel, while others use scissors. Freeing up the intestines takes some time. The intestines and other organs in the abdominal cavity are taken out an examine for any abnormalities, drugs, poisons, and diseases . Once the chest and the abdominal cavity is examine , the scalp is examine, the skull vault is opened using two saw cuts, one in front and one in back. The top of the skull is removed and the brain is very carefully cut free of its attachments from inside the skull, inspecting the brain often revels surprises. a good pathologist takes some time to do this as well with the other organs.

Look at the photo of a Pacinian corpuscle. Notice the onion-like bulb of connective tissue. Describe briefly —