Echocardiogram Procedure

| |Coronary circulation |that pushes blood to the organs, |Abnormal heart rhythms or arrhythmias |

Cardiovascular Assessment: No visible pulsations, no heaves or lifts. Apical pulse present in the fifth intercostal space at the left midclavicular line. Auscultation of apical rate 62 beats per minute, normal rhythm regular S1 - S2 heart sounds present. Pulsations present when supine and disappear at a 45 degree angle position. Extremities are brown color without redness, cyanosis, lesions or varicosities bilaterally. Temperature warm bilaterally, Allen test was negative. Homan’s sign negative. Carotids: +2 and present bilaterally. Right Radial +2, left radial +1 , Right Brachial: +2

Cardiac Echogram- This is to identify structural abnormalities in cardiac function, cardiac output, abnormal valves and MI (Buttaro, Trybulski, Polgar-Bailey, & Sandburg-Cook, 2017).

The patient has been diagnosed with atrial defibrillation and congestive heart failure. There is no visible jugular vein distention or pulsations on either side of the neck. The patient was not comfortable with removing her sweater, therefore, pulsations, lifts, or heaves were not seen if present. Palpated and auscultated the carotid arteries for vascular sounds, no bruits heard. Heart sounds were auscultated with the bell and diaphragm of the stethoscope. S1 82/min, even and regular. S2 85/min, even and regular. S3 82/min, even and regular. S4 83/even and regular. No murmurs were heard. The apical pulse rate was 92 bmp, regular and was accessed with patient in sitting position and between the 4th and 5th intercostal space. Patient stated

As the technician moves the transducer, it produces sonogram waves that bounce off the structures inside the scrotum, including the testicles, blood vessels and any abnormal tissues. These waves are then sent to a computer, which processes the information into detailed images.

before auscultation. Place your stethoscope directly on the patient’s chest; ask the patient to breathe deeper than normal, and auscultate side to side, comparing both sides in the anterior, lateral, and posterior chest (see Figure 3-1). You need to inspect, palpate, and auscultate right upper lobe, right middle lobe, right lower lobe, left upper lobe, and left lower lobe.

Cardiac: rRegular rate and rhythm, no murmurs, rubs, or gallops; no JVD, thrills, or heaves; PMI non-displaced at 5th intercostal space

An echo has several types of testing: Transthoracic echo (TTE), Doppler echo, and Transesophageal echo (TEE). The TTE is the common echo performed. A sonographer applies a gel to the left pectoral and upper left abdomen. The gel aids the transducer when applied to the chest in obtaining echoes of sound waves from the heart. The sound waves obtained from the heart are then created into electrical impulses.

“Heart screenings are a great way to get a baseline of your heart health and provide some goals for you to aim for,” said Karim El-Sherief, MD, director of the Cardiovascular Health Institute at Tri-City Medical Center. “Regular screenings can detect issues early on and help you fix the problem before it’s too late – it’s preventative healthcare instead of emergency healthcare.”

Your heart works tirelessly to pump blood between the chambers and your lungs, and out to the rest of your body. Over time, problems such as mitral valve disease, atrial fibrillation, and clogged coronary arteries can prevent the organ from performing its job. If such problems emerge, speak with your physician regarding an appropriate form of

Bradycardia is a sign of issues in the heart’s electrical system. In addition, bradycardia is when the sinus node (natural pacemaker) stops functioning properly or the electrical pathways of the heart are disrupted (such as the arteries and veins). A life-threatening form of bradycardia is quite severe and serious; the heart is not able to pump enough blood to meet the body’s essential needs.

More specifically the mitral valve which is located between the left atrium and the left ventricle of the heart. Mitral prolapse can be localized meaning it only involves one leaflet of the valve or a segment of a leaflet. There is also generalized prolapse which involves the entire mitral valve. Patients have been known to suffer from a wide range of symptoms that include palpitations, tachycardia, arrhythmia, dizziness, mental fogginess, weakness, anxiety, sharp chest pains and other effects. Symptoms tend to be mild but vary from patient to patient; however some patients have reported no symptoms at all. For patients that do experience symptoms they usually occur when blood is flowing backward through the valve also known as regurgitation. Complications typically include Mitral valve regurgitation, arrhythmias, and endocarditis. Valve regurgitation's are the most common complication, with this complication the valve leaks blood back into the left atrium. Patients with high blood pressure have a higher risk of valve regurgitation. Arrhythmias are irregular heart rhythms that usually occur in the upper chambers of the heart. They are usually harmless but may be bothersome in some patients. Endocarditis is an infection of the endocardium in the inner lining of the

Particularly heart beat irregularities (atrial fibrillation), disease of the heart valves, congestive heart failure or recent heart attack.

Transesophageal echocardiogram (TEE) is a picture test of your heart using sound waves. TEE is done by passing a flexible tube down the esophagus. The esophagus is the tube that carries food from the throat to the stomach. The pictures taken give detailed pictures of your heart. This can help your doctor see if there are problems with your heart. TEE may be done:

An echocardiography which sound waves are used to provide moving image of the heart. This gives a detailed picture of the size, shape, chambers and valves work as well as an image notes the damage done to the heart muscle which can clarify what the patient is experiencing. Doppler ultrasounds uses sound waves measuring speed and direction of blood flow of heart and lungs.