Economics For Business Administration : Economics

Apple Incorporation is one of the biggest high technology company that operates worldwide. Is was established on April 1, 1976 in California by Steve Wozniak, Steve Jobs and Ronald Wayne.The company is known for designing and manufacturing several technology devices include Smart Phones (iPhone), Tablets, iPods, iPads, Mac, Apple TV, Apple watches as known as smart watches, it also produce software’s like the OS X and iOS operating systems, and offers several online services such as iCloud, Apple Pay, Apple Care. The company strategy is to designee and enhances its own operating systems, software, hardware and other services by providing customers with new developed technology.

The performance of the UK economy depends very much on the level of Aggregate demand within the economy. AD=C+I+G+(X-M). The UK economy can be judged by a number of key indicators mainly sustainable economic growth, low inflation (target 2%), a surplus on the

Government activities have a powerful effect on the US economy in stabilization and growth which is the most important are. The federal government guides the pace of economic activity, attempting to maintain steady growth, high levels of employment, and price stability. They do so by adjusting spending and fiscal policy- tax rates- or managing money supply and controlling use of monetary policy-credits. It slows down or speeds up the economy’s rate of growth, which affects the level of prices and employment. After the Great Depression in the 1930’s, recession (high unemployment) was

GDP is not only an important indicator to a country's economy growth but also to social and politic perspectives. GDP reflects unemployment rate, inflation and interest rate. The Federal Reserve has continuously raised the interest rate at .25 point for more than 10 successive times in other to attract more and more investment. Government spending, as a part of GDP, has also increased from year to year. As a year passes, economists, firms and governments look at GDP as an indicator for the following year's economic policy in order to keep the economy go in a right track. GDP is also an indicator of recession, when an economy experiences two successive declines in GDP, the economy is going through recession.

There are two ways the economy can be assisted in growing and sustaining itself. First through fiscal policy from the national governments help of changing taxes and spending, then Monetary policy, the managing of money. The two are supposed to work together to help create a better economy but, at times fall short. Leaders in the government for the most part have a top priority to stay in their position, with that in mind they tend to give the people the immediate satisfaction they want which is increased spending and reduced taxes. With this approach fiscal policy is considered expansionary, restrictive monetary policy is what is needed to stop inflation to counteract this.

Federal Reserve has two other tools that it can use to change the money supply.

The President of Bartavia wants to enact expansionary fiscal policy with the intention of manipulating inflation and unemployment. Although Bartavia is nearly employing all of its resources in production and extremely close to full employment level, the President is still concerned about the small percentage that is unemployed. Unemployment is the state of a person without a job or a reliable salary or income. Inflation and unemployment are characteristics that are closely monitored to indicate the economic performance of a country. As the economic advisor to the president, I would strongly advise against implementing this policy. Currently, the economy is not in a recession making the trade-offs associated with economic expansion counter intuitive. In addition, the Phillips Curve demonstrates the inverse relationship between inflation and unemployment, making the need for expansionary action unnecessary right now. Finally, Okun 's Law shows how this policy would effect Bartavia 's GDP via the sacrifice ratio. These three reasons show that the long-run consequences outweigh the short-run benefits of expansionary fiscal policy. Therefore, I implore the President to avoid implementing the expansionary policy.

The government, by the way of its taxing, ability to spend, and controlling money supply attempts to promote full employment, price stability, and economic growth. The government strives to gain these objectives by taxing and spending which is called the fiscal policy. There are tools of the fiscal policy and they are sorted into two broad categories. The first one is called automatic stabilizers which are revenue and spending programs in the federal budget that automatically adjust with the ups and downs of the economy to stabilize disposable income and consumption and real GDP. The second one is the discretionary fiscal policy which requires the deliberate manipulation of the government purchases, transfer payments, and taxes to promote macroeconomic goals, some of these discretionary policies are temporary.

During the past decade, the country has maintained macroeconomic policies that controlled inflation and promoted economic growth. Inflation was at 6.5% in 2011, and urban unemployment reached a historic low of 6.0%.

When a nation experiences a long-term economic growth, people have a positive attitude. There are opportunities for new jobs, new technology, and open doors for more capital for investment. The result of growth increases demand, supply, aiding the production of goods and services boosting consumers’ confidence. Economists believe the right type of growth that is stable and controllable is the best.

However, during a period of global recession the Government’s implementation of expansionary fiscal and monetary policy saw taxation revenue fall and government spending increase, sending the budget into deficit by -$32.9 billion in 2008-09 . The 2009-2010 Budget continued expansionary policy to support economic growth and slow the rise in unemployment. The falling inflation rate of 1.5% in 2008-09 , meant it no longer played dominant role in policy making decisions. The tradeoff between inflation and unemployment can be observed in Figure 3.5 .

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|5000 employees at the beginning of the 1990s, it has grown to exports of $70 billion and 2.8 million employees today, and a globally dominating |

Economic growth involves in an increase in the production of goods and services in an economy. Sustainable economic growth is a rate of growth that can be maintained by an economy without producing other future economic problems. Sustainable growth is desirable to households because if there is excessive growth, goods and services become more expensive, so there is a fall in savings, and if there is negative growth unemployment occurs due to a surplus of labour leading to less disposable income. For firms, sustainable growth is desirable because if the rate of growth is too high then there is a shortage in labour and difficulties too trade, or if the rate is too low then the firms’ income decreases due to a decrease in price of goods and services. Sustainable economic growth is desirable for government because if the rate of growth is too high then they will have excessive credit but if it is too low then they will be in excessive debt. It is important for NZ’s economy that has just come out of a global recession to have sustainable growth in order to maintain their standard of living relative to other countries. All aspects of the economy need to be at a balance in order to reduce resource depletion as well as ensuring the economy is still developing. The fiscal and monetary policies are two policies that can be implemented to influence an economy to achieve price stability, sustainable economic growth, and attaining full employment, the three macroeconomic of government.

The economic crisis is a situation when country’s GDP tends to decline, Unemployment increases, the rate of inflation rises faster than it should etc. All these factors combined bring short-run instability in an economy. All of these elements play a major role in creating economic issues in a country (Trading Economics, 2016). Generally, every country has their own rules and regulations to control all these economic factors. If the rate of inflation increases excessively then it gradually increases the level of unemployment by creating an economic recession (Leijonhufvud, 2000). A country suffering from economic recession can be considered that it suffering from worst phase amongst all other economic issues.