Economics

As you may recall from the chapter on production theory, in the early stages of production, a firm is expected to encounter increasing marginal product. As inputs are used for production, they become more specialized and the resulting efficiency gains cause production to increase more than proportionately. For example, suppose one worker was capable of producing one unit/hour. By adding a second worker, each worker

For a market with generic competition, is where competitors avail to the customer's other types of goods or services that are not the same to those of the organization but they can be used as substitutes for the products of the organization. Adequate and the right information about the generic competition is vital to provide a good knowledge of the threats and opportunities. This will facilitate good decision for better competition by ensuring continuous customers’ satisfaction (Grabowski & Boyo,2016).

Suppliers generally have a moderate to high bargaining power within the industry due to the limited number of suppliers which forces aviation companies to choose from the number available and accordingly to accept their prices. In fact, fuel is the second highest cost for aviation companies. There are highly depended on supplier’s prices and the availability which indicates on a relatively high bargaining power of suppliers. In addition, there are high switching costs which are strongly in favor of the suppliers and means that the company experiences an increase in operating costs when switching to another supplier as flying another type of aircraft leads to additional costs (maintenance, training etc.).Aircrafts are vulnerable to delays due to the location of gate locations which leads to a decrease in utilization and therefore to an increase in costs.

The Law of diminishing returns states that if one factor of production is increased while the others remain constant, the overall returns will relatively decrease after a certain point. The total fixed cost is the same regardless of the output; the total variable costs will change with the level of output resulting in the total cost as the sum of the fixed cost and variable cost at each level of output. Over the 0 to 4 range of output, the TVC and TC curves slope upward. They reflect a decreasing rate due to the increasing minor returns. The slopes curves will increase due to these diminishing marginal returns.

The Marginal Cost graph is a function of change in total cost divided by change in quantity produced. Marginal cost is the added cost of producing one additional unit of production, or the savings in not producing one additional unit. The graph decreases until the fourth unit of production, and then increases rapidly, as marginal cost is tied to total cost and is thus subject to the law of diminishing returns.

(1)Perfect competition is the market in which there is a large number of buyers and sellers. The goods sold in this market are identical. A single price prevails in the market. On the other hand monopoly is a type of

To examine if a market is oligopoly market, it has to meet the following conditions:

In comparison, the marginal cost is the added cost of producing one more unit of output. It is determined by the change in total cost (TC) divided by the change in output (Q). MC= TC/Q. In the provided scenario, for Company A to produce one widget TC=$30, to produce two widgets TC=$50 thus the marginal cost was $20; furthermore the cost per widget to produce was $25. Marginal cost will continue to decrease for Company A until they reach their profit maximization of $42.86 per widget at 7 widgets. Marginal cost will then begin to decrease for every additional widget produced until the end result of 15 widgets with a MC that exceeds $80, also allowing TC to topple to TR ($1220/15=$81.33).

* Marginal Cost – The opportunity cost that arises from an increase in that activity

Firms within the fast food industry fall under the market structure of perfect competition. Market structure is a classification system for the key traits of a market. The characteristics of perfect competition include: large number of buyers and sellers, easy entry to and exit from the market, homogeneous products, and the firm is the price taker. Many fast food franchises fit all or most of these characteristics.

there are a number of different buyers and sellers in the marketplace. This means that we have competition in the market, which allows price to change in response to changes in supply and demand. Furthermore, for almost every product there are substitutes, so if one product becomes too expensive, a buyer can choose a cheaper substitute instead. In a market with many buyers and sellers, both the consumer and the supplier have equal ability to influence price.

Market structure refers to the important features that determine the level of competition in an industry. These factors include (a) the number of buyers and sellers, (b) the products degree of uniformity, (c) the ease with which new firms enter or old firms exit the market, and (d) the ways in which firms in the industry compete with each othersuch as through prices or advertising.

Marginal cost is the additional cost the you incur while producing an additional unit. To put this into context, it makes cost a certain amount to produce a car, but in order to keep making money you have to produce more than one car. Marginal cost asks the question how much would it cost to produce the second car. According to Chron the marginal cost for the first few units will unfortunately be much high, but will decrease as you produce more and more

Competitors might face increasing costs when firms deliberately increase the price of supplies or when competitors are forced to bid for remaining inputs. However, this does not mean it will increase competitor’s cost if supplies are available from alternative suppliers.

Firms within the fast food industry fall under the market structure of perfect competition. Market structure is a classification system for the key traits of a market. The characteristics of perfect competition include: large number of buyers and sellers, easy entry to and exit from the market, homogeneous products, and the firm is the price taker. Many fast food franchises fit all or most of these characteristics.