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Economics

Decent Essays

MBA 501 Final Exam (Exam 4)

1. Differentiate between the Federal deficit and the Federal debt.
The Federal deficit is an annual concept referring to the shortfall between Federal revenues and expenditures in one year’s budget. The Federal debt is the accumulation of borrowing which results from the series of deficits minus any surpluses.

2. Adam Smith once wrote: “What is prudence in the conduct of every private family can scarce be folly in that of a great kingdom.” Evaluate in terms of the national debt.
This is an example of the fallacy of composition. What is true for the individual is not necessarily true for governments when it comes to borrowing. Government can refinance its debt. The government, unlike …show more content…

The reason for the over allocation is that the firm is not paying for all the costs of production. The five suggested ways for correcting for this over allocation of resources are: (1) individual bargaining; (2) the use of liability rules and lawsuits; (3) imposing a tax on producers; (4) direct controls such as legal mandates or restrictions; and (5) creating a market for externality rights.

10. Suppose a local coffee shop in the downtown area decides to purchase a neighboring abandoned lot and convert it into a garden area with outdoor seating.
(a) Does this decision create an externality? If so, what kind?
(b) Despite the city’s positive response to the coffee shop’s renovation, other businesses in the area have not followed suit in renovating the many decrepit buildings and abandoned lots. How might the presence of an externality be in part the cause of this?
(c) In response to the lack of effort on the part of businesses to renovate the downtown area, city council members to take action. What are some ways that the city government could promote this kind of revival?
a. It creates a negative externality.
b. The possible reason of the externality being a cause of this could be the fact that if other people follow suit there will be an oversupply of the same kind of a service which may further lead to the market failure
c. Government can apply specific taxes on businesses

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