Edward Jenner Research Paper

Over many of years the world has faced problems concerning health. Many scientists and health experts have worked together to better our nation 's health care. English Physician and Scientist Edward Jenner, a small country doctor, who is well known around the world for his innovative contribution to immunization and the ultimate eradication of smallpox. (2005, Baylor University Medical Center.) It is believed that smallpox appeared around 10,000 B.C. Smallpox was introduced to Europe sometime between the fifth and seventh centuries and was frequently epidemic during the Middle Ages. Edward Jenner was born on May 17, 1749, in Berkeley, Gloucestershire. During his early school years, Edward developed a strong interest in science and nature that continued throughout his life. Jenner’s interest in natural history and animal biology sharpened his medical understanding of the role of human-animal trans-species boundaries in disease transmission. He experienced the proverbial “Eureka”-like moment sometime during the 1770s. At age 13 he was apprenticed to a country surgeon and apothecary in Sodbury, near Bistol. The record shows that it was there Jenner heard a dairymaid say, " I shall never have smallpox for I have had cowpox. I shall never have an ugly pockmarked face." While Jenner 's interest in the effects of cowpox began during his apprenticeshire with George Harwickle, it wasn 't until 1796 before he made the first step in a long process of smallpox would be exposed. Jenner

Edward Jenner and the Discovery of Vaccines Edward Jenner (1749-1823) trained in London, under John Hunter, and was an army surgeon for a period of time. After that, he spent his whole career as a country doctor in his home county, Gloucestershire (West of England). His research was based on careful case studies and clinical observation more than a hundred years before scientists could explain what viruses and diseases actually were. His innovative new method was successful to such an extent that by 1840 the British government had banned alternative preventive treatments against smallpox. [IMAGE]

Smallpox was a highly infectious virus that spread easily through contact with infected people or objects contaminated with the disease. The vrius was deadly and killed thirty percent of people who caught it. The disease was known as a “brick-shaped virus,” which originated from the variola virus. The disease spread when an infected person sneezed or coughed. The droplets from their nose or mouth spread and would then infect another person. The virus could also spread through contaminated objects, such as clothing, or bedding. Most commonly, smallpox entered the body through the nose or the throat. The disease then spread to the lungs, where it grew and traveled to the lymphatic system. The first symptoms included vomiting, head and body aches,

It was during this era that Edward Jenner invented a vaccine to prevent smallpox by inoculating a healthy eight-year old boy with cowpox;

However, Jenner’s invention became a common practice only a few years after he released it to the public, and according to The Hutchinson Unabridged Encyclopedia, “By 1890 smallpox had virtually been eradicated from Britain.” (“Jenner, Edward (1749-1823)”) From the information about the first vaccination, we can see that vaccinations have been proven to eliminate deadly diseases, whether they receive opposition or not. Without immunizations, we would be overcome with diseases, such as smallpox, polio, and measles.

Because the smallpox virus attacks the mucus membranes, bone marrow, and lymph nodes of the body, most patients obtain the gruesome disfigurement of the face and nose and limbs.( Bollet

Jenner’s discovery of the link between cowpox and smallpox was significant to the development of a vaccine for smallpox. However, it can be argued that Jenner and his discovery were not enough on their own to bring medical progress. The factors Scientific thinking, Government Communication and Changing attitudes played a major and important role to bring medical progress.

Despite smallpox’s long history of harm, killing nearly 300 million people in the twentieth century alone, it is now considered eradicated thanks to a vaccine and vaccination program lead by the World Health Organization. Because of its eradication,

One of the major health event happen in the 1800s is when Edward Jenner, a english doctor create vaccination to cure smallpox. Edward jenner was born in may 17 1749 and died on january 26 1823 at the age of 74 from a massive stroke. He have safe many life. Smallpox is a contagious viral disease. It cause fever and left scar. Before smallpox is being cure over 400,000 unlucky people die each year from it. SmallPox have been all over the place in the old days. It was first being seen in china in the 4th century.It being said that every 3 out of 10 people died from it and who ever survive will have scar left on them. He thought of the idea when he know a dairymaid who said “i shall never have smallpox for i have had cowpox. I shall never

The brutal symptoms of smallpox reveal why the disease is known as one one of the deadliest in history. Smallpox slowly deteriorates the victim in distinct symptom stages. Symptoms begin to display after approximately ten days since the victim was exposed to the Variola virus. Suddenly, the victim will feel flu-like symptoms including headache, fever, overall discomfort, severe back pain, vomiting, and severe fatigue (“Smallpox.”). Brutal symptoms such as these, unfortunately, are only the beginning for a terrible disease such as smallpox. Next, symptoms become much more visible. After a day or two the forearms, face, and hands will develop flat, red spots. Red spots will eventually develop into small to moderate blisters which are

Imagine a quick spreading rash throughout the entire body, leaving not a single space behind; every opening and crevice in your body, including your mouth and eyes covered in painful bumps accompanied by high fever and severe body aches. Flat red spots transforming into fluid-filled lesions and soon oozing out yellow pus, evidently emitting a pungent odor to anyone who dared get close. The live virus present in the darkening crusty scabs that would soon fall off only to leave behind a deep pitted scarred filled complexion on anyone who was fortunate enough to survive. These scars would be forever remembered as the hallmark for the smallpox epidemic which tormented the world for over 3,000 years. (Riedel “Deadly Diseases”).

Smallpox is a disease that has a very high infection rate within the human population. It is a pathogen caused by the Variola virus, of which the symptoms of this are high fever, head and body aches, and sometimes vomiting. There are two forms of smallpox, Variola major and Variola minor. Variola major is the most common of the cases which involves a higher fever and more extensive rash. However there are actually four different types of the Variola major and they are: Ordinary which is 90% of the cases, Modified which is mild and occurs in previously vaccinated people. And then there is Flat and Hemorrhagic, both are rare cases but very severe and fatal. The Flat-type which affects 5% of people with Variola

It is perceived to be a social standard in society to uphold high beliefs in vaccinations. Medical professionals as well as historic scientific research support the progression of immunization and its historical triumph against infection and disease. For example, English physician Edward Jenner pioneered the smallpox vaccine, which opened the doors for more ventures into the world of vaccinations. Due to the advancement in technology of the 21st century, we are able to address more diseases and create new components for vaccines to help find innovative ways to distribute them and test effectiveness. The progress in science has always been the driving force for the development and improvement of an effective vaccine. With the second golden age

The history of vaccines and immunization all started because of Edward Jenner, a country doctor who was living in Berkeley, England, who in 1796 performed the world 's first vaccination. Jenner had an interest in natural history and animal biology sparked his medical understanding of the human- animal trans-species boundaries in disease transmission. Jenner benefitted from his training as a wide-ranging generalist with a broad knowledge of medicine and science. In the 1800, 100,000 people had been vaccinated in Europe, and the vaccination process had begun in the United States as well. In the twentieth century, as vaccinations started to sky rocket, more and more vaccinations were developed; vaccination was adjudicated by the government and was eventually required for children to attend public school.

But Jenner had no explanation for why his method worked - no one could see the virus with microscopes at the time. He submitted a paper to the Royal Society the following year. It was met with some interest but further proof was requested. Jenner proceeded to vaccinate and monitor several more children, including his own son. The full results of his study was published in 1798, but his apparent discovery was met with much opposition, and even riducle. In time the value of his vaccine was recognized, but as many poorer communities had limited access to medical treatment. It was several decades before its full benefits was realized. In 1853, 30 years after Jenner's death, smallpox vaccination was made compulsory in England and