Effect Of Inhibition On Bacteria

When investigating this experiment I found many different types of antiseptics all with different effects on bacteria and the effectiveness of all these antiseptics varied. I found

Health experts know that most antibiotic products interfere with the immune system and the digestive system. Most of these products quell probiotic bacteria

Most people naturally carry the bacteria in their intestines, away from the oxygen that would kill them. Given that our intestines produce different types of bacteria, so if we take antibiotic

Since antibiotics, such as penicillin, became widely available in the 1940s, they have been called miracle drugs. They have been able to eliminate bacteria without significantly harming the other cells of the host. Now with each passing year, bacteria that are immune to antibiotics have become more and more common. This turn of events presents us with an alarming problem. Strains of bacteria that are resistant to all prescribed antibiotics are beginning to appear. As a result, diseases such as tuberculosis and penicillin-resistant gonorrhea are reemerging on a worldwide scale (1).

Out of the three antibiotics tested on Staphylococcus aureus erythromycin had the largest zone of inhibition compared to amoxicillin and penicillin. Erythromycin had a 24mm large zone of inhibition, while penicillin had a zone of 9mm and amoxicillin had a zone of 12mm. However when testing Hemophilus influenzae penicillin had the largest zone of inhibition. For penicillin the diameter of the zone of inhibition was 28mm, amoxicillin had 27mm and erythromycin had 16mm. With that being said, for

they are two procedure by which the antibiotic attacks the bacterial cells. one is by interfering which the bacterial ability to repair the damage DNA. by stopping the bacterial ability to make what it needs to grow new cells to make what it needs to grow. the other one is by weakening the bacterial's cells wall until it burst

Each antibiotic has a mode of action that is specific to its function of effectiveness on the bacteria it will attacking. Penicillin for example has enzyme inhibition that causes inhibition to bacterial cell wall synthesis, specifically the cross linking peptides. When using this antibiotic on the bacteria, it is expected to work on gram positive but not gram negative because it doesn’t have cross linkage within its cell wall to be inhibited. As for chloramphenicol, erythromycin, and tetracycline they each inhibit protein synthesis in various steps of translation. Since proteins are necessary for all cell growth these are very effective inhibitor

The main objective of this experiment is to investigate the effect of different types of antibiotics on bacteria Bacillus subtilis and Escherichia coli. Some of the main methods used in this experiment

The process of antimicrobial resistance is when it is used to prevent and treat viral infections. Antimicrobial resistance occurs through gene mutation, assistance from other bacteria, or natural resistance. As much as some people are at greater risk than others, nobody can fully avoid the risk of microbial resistant infections. Normally, infections with resistant organisms are hard to treat. Such infections will require the patient to use alternative medication or higher doses, both of which are more costly, more toxic,

The principle of antibiotic resistance revolve around how antibiotics work. Antibiotics target certain structures on bacteria such as their cell wall, proteins, and nucleic acids that results in the disruption and/or inhibition of their growth. These disturbances can sometimes lead to bacterial death. In order to survive, bacteria have developed countermeasures to fight against the harmful drugs. This was carried out by targeting the antibiotics themselves. The way antibiotics function is based on their chemical structure. Because many antibiotics have similar structures, they are also grouped in that way. Each class (or family) have similarities in their structure and in turn, have similarities in their target of action. Consequently, these similarities make it easy for the bacteria to construct resistance to different and multiple classes of antibiotics. Mechanisms that will be discussed all involve bacteria’s ability to prevent antibiotics from reaching its target by means of target alteration, drug detoxification, impermeability and efflux.

Another drastic change that needs to be made is the development new antibiotics. These can be put in the place of ineffective antibiotics. Unlike profitable drugs used to treat chronic diseases like cancer and cardiovascular illnesses, antibiotics are typically taken for a short period of time, and any new drug is to be used cautiously and held in reserve to treat patient’s resistant to existing drugs. “The bacterium is a major cause of hospital-acquired infections

The discovery of antimicrobial agents for the treatment of infectious diseases has been heralded as one of the greatest medical achievements of the 20th century. However, use, misuse, and abuse of antimicrobial agents has led to an increase in the population of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria and has become a major public health threat the world over. Unfortunately the pace of developing new treatments has not kept pace with the growing problem, leading to increased mortality and morbidity rates. Only through education programs and development of new classes of treatment can this epidemic hoped to be controlled. The proliferation of antibiotic resistance is a continuing problem for all members of the human race and only with concerted efforts of all can the continued efficacy of antibiotics be preserved.

Antibiotics are vastly known to be prominent therapeutic agents used to treat and prevent bacterial infections. Antibiotics involve chemical substances, either of natural or synthetic origins, that destroy pathogenic microorganisms with minimal damage to host tissues. These chemotherapeutic agents combat various diseases by affecting different targets in eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells. Antibiotics work through several mechanisms of action to combat target pathogens: (1) inhibition of cell wall synthesis; (2) inhibition of protein synthesis; (3) injury to the plasma membrane; (4) inhibition of nucleic acid synthesis; and (5) competitive inhibition of the synthesis of essential metabolites.

Antibacterial antibiotics are a substance present in fungi, which inhibits the growth and production of bacterial infections. The discovery of the first antibiotic, penicillin, was a turning point in medical history, as illnesses that were once perceived as difficult to treat or even fatal, now had a possible treatment. After the discovery of penicillin, the misuse and overuse of antibiotics become common in many different professions. This has resulted in bacteria becoming less easily detected due to structural changes, with some even being multi-resistant, such as Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) and Vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (VRSA) (Williams 2014).

Antibiotics are a term refers to substances produced by microorganisms that can harm and inhibit or destroy other microorganisms, specifically bacteria (15). Antibiotics can be produced naturally or unnaturally via pharmaceutical industries using large-scale processes of fermentation. The antibiotics discovery has been of great significance due to in many clinical settings the antibiotics generally are the best way to destroy bacteria which cause infections in humans and animals. In 1910, The Salvarsan use in the treatment of syphilis was the first application of antibiotics (15). In 1930, the antibiotics application was continued with sulphonamides. In addition, the first use of penicillin was in 1941 in the bacterial