Effective Supervision Requires Establishing Different Levels Of Supervision

Parole and probation function through their operation programs such as their case classification system (Burrell, 2003). This system allows the parole board to classify which cases should be considered for early release and which ones should not. Once a case is determined to be eligible for parole, then probation uses the case classification system to decide if the case is high risk or low risk (manhattan-institute.org, 2000). Community corrections becomes a part of the parole and probation services once the inmate is released into the community by “operating residential and secure custodial facilities and provide free labor to local organizations through community service programs, probation and parole are best known for their role in the supervision of offenders in the community” (Burrell, 2003, p. 1).

A probation officer’s has many duties to fulfill. They are not only supervising the offenders that live within the community, but by monitoring probationers’ progress. The offender must stay away of any trouble, yet comply with the rules and regulations required. A probation officer should help the offender resume a better, productive life for themselves. They should also make it their duty to help them to rehabilitate and be placed back into the

Parole is defined as the discretionary release of an offender by a parole board of 3–12 people before the expiration of his or her sentence. In deciding whom to release, the parole board considers factors such as the offender’s conduct and participation in rehabilitative programs while in prison, the offender’s attitude toward the crime, whether there is a solid release plan (housing, work, etc.), the reaction of the victim to the offender’s release, and the need to provide space in the prison to receive newly sentenced prisoners (Petersilia, 2001). A second form of supervision is called mandatory release, which is an automatic release to the community when a prisoner has completed a certain percentage of his or her sentence. While a parole board decides whom to release and who will stay in prison longer, mandatory release follows the law established by legislators in each state.

Supervision theories and practices began emerging as soon as counsellors started to train other counsellors (Bernard & Goodyear, 2009). Several different theoretical models have developed to clarify and support counselling supervision. The focus of early models of supervision had generally been based on counselling theories (such as Cognitive Behavioural Therapy, Adlerian or client-centred), but these orientation-specific models have begun to be challenged as supervision has many characteristics that are different to counselling. Competency as a counsellor does not automatically translate into competency as a supervisor, and when supervisee/supervisor orientations differ, conflicts may arise (Falender &

In 2012, TDOC put a new priority on its probation, parole, and community corrections programs. There is a precedence to ensure that not only are offenders in these programs supervised, but also that supervision is successful (“Department Overview”, n.d.). Tennessee supervises roughly 79,000 people that make up those on probation, parole, or in a

The selection of these decisions was either too light or strict for the conditions of the violation. The type of services in adult supervision is determined by how the offender presents on several areas. The primary goal is to build a strong and safe community by advancing prospects for individuals on probation or parole to move out of the criminal justice system. A certain percentage of those under the responsibility of the criminal justice system are supervised on probation or parole. According to the Bureau of Justice Statistics (1997), nearly 2 percent or 3.8 million adult men and women

"Approximately 1 in 51 adults in the United States was under community supervision at yearend 2013, the lowest rate observed since 1996" (Herberman & Bonczar, 2014, p.1). Probation/parole supervision also known as "community" supervision, helps individuals (ex-criminals) acclimate back in their community. Probation is used when a judge chooses to let the offender serve his sentence under officer supervision in the community, rather than in prison. It is usually given to individuals that have committed a non-violent/ minor infraction or that have a really good defense attorney. However, when someone has been sent to prison for an extended period of time but have served a certain amount of their time or has proven to the Parole Board that they have improved their behavior, will be released to a Parole officer. The probation and parole program is comprised of two approaches casework and brokerage. Casework approach deals with the offender as a flawed person that needs help; brokerage approach is when the probation/parole officer uses his influence in the community to assist the criminal in finding employment or programs. Knowing how to use these approaches along with monitoring techniques will assist in the officer and offender being successful. This paper will examine the approaches to PO work along with the types of monitoring used to keep track of offenders. The purpose of this paper is to examine the elements of community supervision (probation/parole) that will make the

A social service agency deliver direct services to individuals and families. These services can be provided in public agencies at the federal, state and local level or in private, non-profit settings. The Auxiliary probation officer program is a practical application for the juvenile justice system held at the Jefferson- Lincoln County Circuit Court 6thDivison Juvenile Justice System. This program is for all youth ages 12-18, however the majority is African Americans. The goal of the program is to rehabilitate youthful offenders and to help them become a productive member of society. The goal is achieved by assigning a probation with the least restrictions available through a series of Class, field trips, group

These include probation, foster homes, group homes or more restricted placements such as such as detention centers and forestry camps. Probation would fall into supervised release which also includes electronic monitoring, reporting centers. The large number of different types of rehabilitative programs and staff is demanded by the diverse population of juveniles, which require different

Parole is the release of a prisoner by the decision of a paroling authority (Mackenzie, 2002). The offender is then required to remain under the observation of a parole officer who monitors the offender 's obedience with rules of conduct that are imposed by the parole board (Mackenzie, 2002). Parole is actually regarded as a back-end program that works in conjunction with the community (Mackenzie, 2002). Parole is actually similar to probation in that it follows a term of incarceration (Mackenzie, 2002). There are specific conditions which parole can be applied. Violations of these rules may result in re-imprisonment forced to return to prison to serve out the length of their original sentence from the date of release (Mackenzie, 2002). There are currently over five million people who are being supervised by the criminal justice system in the United States (Bureau of

To be considered for an assignment as a Lieutenant within the Intelligence & Analysis Crime Unit, Regional Operations & Intelligence Center. Namley, my experience of supervision, dealing with outside vendors and ability to manage complex data systems would make me a good fit for the Intelligence & Analysis Crime Unit. After leaving general road duty I became a member of the Electronic Surveillance Unit and was the administrator of the Voicebox wiretap data system. Used by the NJSP and various outside agencies, the Voicebox system is a primary tool of police wiretapping operations. Furthermore, I have managed the entire MAPPS System software, this includes negotiating with outside vendors and writing of waivers each valued at a quarter of a

In the state of Alabama there is an effort to reform and enhance the state of current community supervision, that looks to help alleviate the number of individuals in prison. In Alabama the parole board is responsible for administering and supervising probation and parole (Alabama's Corrections Conundrum, nd). The board is comprised of three people (Alabama Parole, nd). The board has seen a steady decline in budget it receives to accomplish this. The number of probationers and parolees are assigned to be supervised by officers at a ratio of 192 to 1 (Alabama's Corrections Conundrum, nd). The board is also responsible for investigating violations of parole, helping obtain employment, and penalizing inmates for violations (Alabama Parole, nd). In the state of Alabama there are approximately 64, 525 persons under the direct supervision of the board. Of that number 2013, forty percent of parolees violated their parole or probation (Alabama's Corrections Conundrum, nd).  These numbers are partly due to the increase in the prison population in Alabama. Finally, the Alabama Board of Parole can deny anyone who comes up for parole. The board does not have a specific reason or guideline to keep record of why the felon was denied (Kachmar,

From a statistical standpoint, there are nearly seven million individuals who are currently on correctional supervision within the United States of America (DeMichele, 2014). Of those seven million individuals, a meager two million or 30 percent are incarcerated within a jail or prison environment (DeMichele, 2014). The remaining five million or 70 percent of those seven million are currently being supervised through community corrections (DeMichele, 2014). The dramatic growth in community-based corrections over the last three decades is nothing short of astounding (Wodahl, Ogle, & Heck, 2011). In a span of less than 30 years, the number of offenders under supervision in the community has more than tripled, with an estimated 5.1 million people under probation and parole supervision in 2008 (Wodahl, Ogle, & Heck, 2011).

A crucial part of the criminal justice system includes probation. Probation is the release of a criminal offender from detention or incarceration. At this time, the offender is subject to a period of good behavior under supervision. Probation is also referred to a kind of punishment that is giving as part of sentencing. Instead of giving an offender a longer sentence, a judge will order the defendant to report to their assigned probation officer on a regular basis, where the offender will receive a schedule instructing him or her of their probation requirements. If the defendant does not obey a probation order, the defendant will automatically return to jail or to court, only to be given a longer sentence by the judge. A person on probation is not allowed to leave the judicial district without permission of the probation officer or court (Seiter, 2011). The probationer shall report to the probation officer as directed and shall submit truthful and complete reports (Seiter, 2011). A person on probation must also follow all directions instructed by his or her probation officer truthfully. When on probation, an offender must obtain employment and needs to notify his or her probation officer of all changes of address within a three-day limit. The probationer shall also refrain from the excessive use of alcohol

In earlier days, the supervisor was the person in charge of a group of towrope pullers or ditch diggers. That person was literally the “fore man,” since he was up forward of the work crew. His authority consisted mainly of chanting the “one, two, three, up” that set the pace for the rest of the workers. In Germany, the supervisor is still called a vorarbeiter (“fore worker”); in England, the term charge hand is used. Both terms suggest the lead-person origin. The term supervisor has its roots in Latin, where it means “looks over.” It was originally applied to the master of a group of artisans. Today, the supervisor’s job combines some of the talents of the “foreman” (or leader) and those of the “master” (skilled