Effectiveness Of Psychiatric Programs For Children Essay

It is normal, following a traumatic experience, for a person to feel disconnected, anxious, sad and frightened. However, if the distress does not fade and the individual feels stuck with a continuous sense of danger as well as hurting memories, then that person might in fact be suffering from Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). PSTD could develop after a traumatic incident which threatens one’s safety or makes one to feel helpless (Dalgleish, 2010). Coping with traumatic events could be very difficult, but confronting one’s feelings and seeking professional assistance is usually the only way to properly treat PSTD. Many kids and adolescents worldwide experience events that are traumatizing. If exposure to trauma is not treated, it could lead to various mental health problems. Researchers have reported a connection between traumatization and increases in mood and anxiety disorders, but the most frequently reported symptoms of psychological distress are post-traumatic stress symptoms (Cohen, Mannarino & Iyengar, 2011).

The effects of maltreatment in children can last through adolescence and on through adulthood for many. Trauma-Focused Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (TF-CBT) is a very popular type of therapy that join the caregiver and the child’s sessions. The basic process of this therapy is educate and improve parenting skills, teach relaxation techniques and skills, introduce cognitive coping skills, allow the child to talk about the narrative and make the child feel comfortable about talking about the trauma and allow the child cognitively process the traumatic events, ensure that the child feels safe. Trauma-Focused Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (TF-CBT). For children who suffer post-traumatic stress syndrome, this treatment can require maintenance for up to 2 years after the child has completed treatment (Deblinger, Steer, & Lippmann,

As children go through life, they will come upon stressful situations and experiences. Many children will work through the challenges that life brings, build resilience and move forward, however, some children may experience more extreme traumatic events that can result in life difficulties due to serious trauma symptoms that are much harder to manage. Trauma-Focused-Cognitive Behavioral Therapy is an evidence based treatment model designed to help youth who have experienced a significantly traumatic life event. TF-CBT uses skills and strength based therapy to address symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression and anxiety (Cohen et al, 2006). This research is an examination of trauma focused cognitive behavior therapy as a model of practice including the areas of history and development of the model, its relationship with other models of practice, considerations of appropriate populations, methods and components for treatment, effectiveness of the intervention and relevance for social work practice.

Childhood and adolescence is a crucial time for humans- a time full of physical, emotional, and cognitive development. Upon observing the significant impact that trauma induced stress can have on adults following time in combat or an injury, when adults have fully matured in all areas, it raises the question of what influence post-traumatic stressors can have on development in children. This issue was so significant that in the DSM-5, the psychologists introduced a new, and separate, section of criteria for PTSD that specifically relates to the preschool subtype, or those individuals six years and younger. The first age specific sub-type for this disorder is important due to the rising number of studies and cases of PTSD in children.

The world that we live in is perilous and full of danger. During those times of danger, traumatic events can occur. People from all walks of life have had trouble dealing with this kind of trauma and can be either scarred or changed by it. This is especially true for children. We tend to overlook children and try to focus on adults when it comes to traumatic events. However, studies have shown that even children are affected by these problems and need assistance in getting over them. Mental health therapists and psychologists have been doing research and developing techniques on this age group that is adolescence. This essay will exhibit several professionals that are studying this matter and developing which technique is best for the children in regards to their treatment.

A child’s sense of self as separate from the world is formulated early in development. Children exposed to early trauma, especially by a primary care giver, develop a distorted sense of the self, others, and the world. When exposed to trauma, children become overwhelmed and are unable to effectively self-regulate thus leading to a disjointed sense of self. They have a tendency to lose hope and expect that life will be dangerous thus challenging their ability to survive (Terr, 1992). Survival becomes the predominant drive for children exposed to trauma and their focus becomes toward responding and adapting to a potentially threatening environment. Feelings of trust and the sense of self become compromised as resources are allocated toward coping with threats. Traumatized children experience guilt and low self-esteem and perceive themselves as unlovable and unworthy of protection or love (Johnson, 1985, 1987).

CBITS is the most appropriate intervention program due to its focus on symptom reduction, improved functioning, improved grades and attendance, peer and parent support, and increased coping skills. The program reports use with students from 5th grade through 12th grade who have witnessed or experienced traumatic life events such as community and school violence, accidents and injuries, physical abuse and domestic violence, and natural and man-made disasters (CBITS, 2016). As compared to the other programs CBITS appeared to be all encompassing and showed better outcomes at 3-month follow-up. Additionally, CBITS is specifically designed to be administered by mental health clinicians in an actual school setting.

The National Child Traumatic Stress Network (NCTSN) was stablished by Congress in 2000 and brings a comprehensive focus to childhood trauma. This network raises the average standard of care and improves access to services for traumatized children, their families and communities throughout the United States. The NCTSN defines trauma‑focused cognitive behavioral therapy (TF‑CBT) as an evidence‑based treatment approach that is shown to help children, adolescents, and their caregivers overcome trauma‑related difficulties. It is designed to reduce negative emotional and behavioral responses following a traumatic event. The treatment addresses distorted beliefs related to the abuse and provides a supportive environment so the individual can talk about their traumatic experience. TF‑CBT also helps parents cope with their own emotional issues and develop skills to support their children.

Chapter 10 examines various forms of abuse. Kanal (2011) sets forth that stress as it relates to abuse can cause Post-traumatic Stress Disorder. The author describes PSTD as a psychological disorder that is brought on by an event that occurs in a person’s life. PSTD is usually associated with military people returning from the combat but that is only one of many demographics that can be effected by the disorder; this chapter underscores in addition to PSTD abuse can manifest itself in a number of different ways. The author begins the discussion with child abuse. From a crisis professional’s perspective, dealing with children is complicated because depending on the age of the child, communication can be difficult. In addition, the child may

Mother’s mental health plays a key role on effective parenting and social engagement (Hartas, 2014, p. 18). Implementing a community assessment allows for observations, issues to be brought forward and interventions to take place (Stamler & Yiu, 2008, pg. 216). Public health nurses need to continually observe communities, reflect on observations and implement strategies to improve the health conditions within the allotted community. Specifically, in the Hillside-Quadra area there is a lack of support for new mothers. Providing a new mothers walking group will help vulnerable individuals with support, advice and coping strategies. The intent of this paper is to advocate for the well-being of new mothers by implementing a new mothers walking group in the Hillside-Quadra area.

According to (Whitley & Henwood, 2014) the right to life, in its most basic definition, has been encroached for people living with severe mental challenges. Furthermore studies found that people with psychiatric problems have significantly reduced life expectancies, as well as higher standardized

Mass traumatic events including natural and manmade disasters affect a significant proportion of the world population each year (The International Disaster Database http://www.emdat.be/, Global Terrorism Database https://www.start.umd.edu/gtd/, Shulz 2014 Mass Shootings ). In the United States an estimated 14% of children and adolescents have experienced one or more natural or human caused disaster (Beckler-Blease 2013;McLaughlin 2013). Though especially vulnerable to the impact of these events, historically the needs of children have not been systematically addressed. Given psychiatric sequelae of trauma exhibit a dose response relationship with event severity, ascertaining the level of exposure for intervention or research purposes is crucial. When the victims are children, this can be particularly difficult.

Trauma Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (TF-CBT) was developed by psychologists J.A. Cohen and, Mannarino, Knudset and Sharon. TF-CBT has been developed for those who have experienced psychological trauma, often on a great scale of magnitude. It is important to define trauma; “There are two types of trauma — physical and mental........A response could be fear. It could be fear that a loved one will be hurt or killed. It is believed that more direct exposures to traumatic events causes greater harm. For instance, in a school

The key concept of this literature review is to better understand how childhood trauma is associated with mental health, such as post-traumatic stress disorder

This Mental Health treatment program and/ or organization focus on co-occurring diagnosis and structures to develop co-occurring disorder treatment services. This program is a non-profit, privately owned organization. It provides social services in Miami, FL. This mental health treatment program and organization will provide comprehensive behavioral healthcare to homeless women who have severe, persistent mental illness, or with co-occurring substance abuse and mental illness’. The organizations Mental Health treatment program stakeholders are accredited and affiliated, in which this aide the program to express its values, carry out its mission, develop strategies and improve the quality of care on a continuous basis.