Effects Of The Prevalence Of Calcium On An Aging Population

As generally stated in the introduction, osteoporosis is a skeletal disorder that involves the strength and integrity of one’s bones. The WHO defines osteoporosis as, “a systemic skeletal disorder characterized by low-bone mass, deterioration of bone tissue, increased bone fragility, and its susceptibly to recurrent fractures.” 2 The most important factor to take into account when addressing osteoporosis is the mass of bone, also referred to as, bone mineral density (BMD). As bone mass begins to decline, typically in the older population, specifically postmenopausal women, individuals are at an increased risk for fractures.3 As a result of this serious condition, many people are affected by morbidity, mortality, and economic difficulty.1

Calcium is a mineral that is regulated in the blood by the thyroid. According to the Medline Plus website (2018), Calcium is important for balancing a body’s pH, contracting and relaxing muscles, building strong bones, blood clotting, sending and receiving nerve signals, and keeping a normal heartbeat (Medline Plus, 2018). When our diets lack in calcium, our body has to work twice as hard and takes from calcium stores in our bones. As stated in option three, a food journal was kept to keep track of my calcium intake for two days and compared to a USDA website. These are my findings.

Many people have misconceptions about vegans, specifically that they are weak and unhealthy while it is quite the opposite. Registered dietician, Ashley Koff, points out that “eating meat and animal products...has been associated with inflammation” (Hartke par 17). And inflammation is just one of many health problems linked to diets consisting of meat. Cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, obesity, osteoporosis, and cancer have also been shown in higher rates among omnivores. Gary Fraser, PhD, MPH, who was a part of the Adventist Health Study observed that there was “12 percent reduction in risk of all-cause mortality in all vegetarians combined versus non-vegetarians” (Palmer par 21). Why would you want to pollute your body with the carcasses of animals and other by-products that we have stolen from them? The myth that cow’s milk makes your bones strong is just one of many falsehoods that agribusinesses and large industries have been telling us. Of course, they want us to buy their milk, cheese, and yogurt. But if you look into the effects dairy has on the body, you will learn the real consequences of consuming dairy and animal protein. In a study observing the bones in omnivore and vegan women, health researchers found that there was a “lower amount of bone formation in the omnivore women” which could lead to a lower bone density and ultimately end in osteoporosis (Wood par 16). Many of the strongest animals on the planet are herbivores. Many of the animals people consume are herbivores. We say that we eat meat to get the protein and to get the nutrients, but look at where these animals get theirs. Plants. If we want to be healthy and get our nutrients in their most pure form, we need to stop filtering them through animals. We’re not just killing the animals and our planet; we’re killing

Osteoporosis is a generalized, progressive diminution of bone tissue mass per unit volume, causing skeletal weakness, even though the ratio of mineral to organic elements is unchanged in the remaining morphologically normal bone. Histologically there is a reduction in cortical thickness and in the number and size of the trabeculae of cancellous bone, normal width of the osteoid seams. Bone reabsorption is increased, bone formation appears to be normal but be defective. The major clinical manifestations of osteoporosis are bone fractures. The most common form of metabolic bone disease is the idiopathic osteoporosis in sub-adults of both sexes with normal gonadal functions. Post menopausal osteoporosis, of course between 50 & 70 years of age, and is six times more common in women than men (pathologia). There is a much greater loss of trabecular bone (cancellous) than cortical bone. It is largely responsible for vertebral crush fracture cooles’ fractures. Senile osteoporosis occurs mainly in individuals older than 70 years of age, is twice as common in women compared to men. It affects both trabecular and cortical

It is estimated that one in five children 1 to 11 years old do not get enough vitamin D, this has a well-defined on paper bone health because it increases intestinal calcium absorption, mobilizes calcium and phosphorus bone resorption and increases renal calcium and phosphate. Although calcium was for years the most common antidote that was used against weak bones, in recent years, vitamin D has come to the fore to take their own role in health promotion system bone, as well as the important role that calcium has on bone health. An important part of people worldwide currently do not receive an adequate dose of vitamin D through exposure to sunlight or take enough doses through the diet to

Osteoporosis affects millions of people worldwide, but the groups that are at highest risks include elderly and post-menopausal women (International Osteoporosis Foundation, 2015). As osteoporosis is associated with aging, it becomes a major health concern as the aging population will double over the next decade (Age UK, 2016). Due to that fact, there has been an increase in an interest in development of the preventive strategies for decreasing the incidence of osteoporosis. One of most important strategies is dietary intervention, as there are nutritious factors that play a key role in formation and development of the bones. Majority of the previous studies were concentrated on relationship between calcium, vitamin D and density of the bones. But recent studies have mentioned the importance of Magnesium, chemical element which plays a key role in

The participants were had to already be involved in the Women’s Health Initiative (WHI) clinical trial and between 50 to 79 years of age. 32,282 participants were assigned to either a placebo or experimental group randomly. The experimental group received 2 tablets to be taken daily with meals that contained 500 mg of calcium with 200 IU of Vitamin D. The pill bottles were weighed at clinical visits to determine if the participants were taking all the prescribed pills. Personal supplementation could continue in addition to the study pills. The women were followed up with for 7 years to discover fractures, and bone density was measured at WHI centers. Fractures were verified with magnetic resonance imagining that was carried out by a physician who was blind to the study to decrease bias. Blood samples were taken after an overnight fast during randomization visits to measure the vitamin D. The vitamin D levels were measured in one blinded batch at the DiaSorin headquarters in Minnesota. A subgroup of 2,431 women at the Birmingham, Tucson, and Pittsburgh clinical centers also participated in a study measuring bone mineral density of the spine, hip, and body. It was measured at annual visits 3, 6 and 7. Linear regression was used to compare the bone density rate of change between the two groups. (Jackson, LaCroix, & Grass,

Calcium is also used to maintain strong bones, increase muscle movement, provide nerve impulses, keep the blood flowing (Calcium 2013) and to control the way the heart beats (Calcium 2000). Osteoporosis can happen when the body does not get enough calcium. The extreme version of this disease is called hypocalcemia which is when the body has an extremely low intake of calcium (Calcium 2015). Osteoporosis effects ¼ of the worlds population of women over 60 years old as it is the most common metabolic bone disease (Osteoporosis 2015). This disease is most commonly found in women over 40 because of the estrogen loss during menopause (Osteoporosis 2015). There is a higher chance of getting osteoporosis if a person is thin, not active, a smoker, consumes alcohol regularly or has a low calcium intake (Osteoporosis 2015). The honeycombed matrixes in bones cause them to become thinner and easier to fracture. To prevent osteoporosis a person must have good nutrition, a high intake of calcium and vitamin D and participate regularly in physical activity (Osteoporosis

The key findings of the research conducted in the article were well documented. The findings that were obtained indicate that a varied, as well as a well-balanced dietary plan, is essential. An example of a well-balanced dietary plan is comprised of nuts, eggs, seeds, non-refined grains, dark green leafy vegetables, legumes fruits as well as 100% fruit juice and low-fat milk.1 This kind of dietary plan was found to impact positively on bone health and development during adolescence. Consequently, the positive effect of the healthy and balanced diet during adolescence can also be reflected in the young adult's life. There is a need for more research in the area of dietary plans and their impact on bone health not only in adolescents and young adults but also in other age

There have been many advancements in health care for the general population as well as the elderly in recent times. One of the major health concerns that is being targeted right now is osteoporosis. Osteoporosis comes from bone becoming fragile because of bone mass being decreased. There are different forms of osteoporosis such as primary and secondary. Primary osteoporosis does not have a specific reason or disease associated with it, and secondary osteoporosis usually has to due with deficiencies and chronic medical conditions. Being post-menopausal also is a contributing factor linking individuals to this disease. Although this disease is prevalent in women, men should also be concerned. Studies have linked certain lifestyle choices such as smoking, alcohol use, and living a sedentary lifestyle to this disease. With the elderly population increasing vastly from year to year, osteoporosis is becoming ever so severe to this population, and also costly to society. There has been research done on different medications, vitamin therapies, and exercises that have proven to be helpful, but there is still much research to be done.

Craig, W. J. (2009). Health effects of vegan diet. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 89(5), 1627S-1633S. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.2009.26736N

One of the media sources I am using for my assignment is called news.com.au. I believe the website explained what a vegan diet is really well, and I felt it would be easy for a consumer to understand. An assumption the website made was that consumers knew the importance of protein, iron, Vitamin B12, zinc, and calcium to our health. It

A healthy adult between the ages of 18-70 should consume about 1,000 mg of calcium per day. Usually, people obtain their calcium from dairy foods such as milk, yogurt and cheese, which are rich in calcium. Since, Dawn is a vegan she might have a harder time obtain her daily calcium. After examining Dawns diets I was able to see that the only foods that are rich in calcium are her tofu and her soymilk that she sometimes consumes. I also saw that most of the foods that she consumes are not rich in calcium underneath I wrote down the approximately calcium in the foods that she consumes.

Furthermore, he established that in most individuals, protein intake is associated with increased phosphorus and calcium intakes, which diminish calcium losses. It also stated that any decreases in serum calcium concentrations caused by increased protein-induced calcium losses would stimulate parathyroid hormone secretion, increase active vitamin D synthesis, and thus increase calcium absorption. Effects on the bone are then thought to depend (at least partially) on the amount of calcium in the diet and the body’s ability to make these hormonal changes.

It has been proven that a diet high in fats can cause coronary artery disease, cancer, and obesity. (Health and wellness) Dairy products are also rarely used in Asian cooking which limits the amount of calcium intake since dairy products are the main suppliers of calcium. To counteract this calcium deficiency, persons of the Asian culture partake in lifting heavy objects and manual labor which helps to strengthen bones. These individuals must be very careful with their calcium levels because a diet to low in calcium can lead to osteoporosis. (Asi1)