Effects Of Xenophobia In Singapore

Singapore is located at the centre of a crucial sea route in the far east. The sea route is controlled by the Japanese and attempting to prevent from the British claiming the control of the route.

Steele, K. D., 2008. Perceptions of Chinese International Students in Singapore: Adjustment Issues and Support, Toronto: Unpublished Doctoral Thesis, Department of Theory and Policy Studies University of Toronto.

The large number of people crossing international borders has been well publicized in the twenty first century, (Marsella & Ring, 2003; Sloan, 2005). Immigration increases have often been accompanied by negative attitudes toward the migrants (Yakushko, 2009). Immigration has been the subject of many political debates in countries throughout the world (Munro, 2006; Crush & Ramachandran, 2010). Xenophobia in the United States and the European Union has been publicized and recorded, (Smith & Edmonston, 1997;; Pettigrew, 1998, Finzsch & Schirmer, 2002). This phenomenon is also occurring in Asia, Africa, and Latin America but probably not as well known. (e.g., Crush, 2001; Vale, 2002).

It is also easy for many other companies to set up headquarter in Singapore as their starting point in Asia to make it possible to reach to its market point. In addition, Singapore is unique in different lifestyles and culture. It is also known for its capability of attracting sizable foreign investment, pro-business environment and entrepreneurs. Singapore focuses more on a knowledge based economy which can be seen in its education sysem. Furthermore, Singapore is located in the heart of Asia and it plays an important role in international

My research will be based on Political, Economic, and Social Organization of Singapore—an industrialist city-state.  Even though Singapore 's history dates from the 11th century, the island was little known to the West until the 19th century. Singapore is one of the World 's largest ports, because the city of Singapore has become a major port, with trade exceeding that of Malaya 's, Malacca and Penang combined. The opening of the Suez Canal in 1869 and the advent of steamships launched an era of prosperity for Singapore as transit trade expanded throughout Southeast Asia (Bureau of East Asian and Pacific Affairs, 2010). Singapore is a very

|To what extent does the Singapore Government’s policies on housing and immigration, help to increase the demand of the private |

In 2016, it was reported that foreigners make up 40% of the Singapore’s population and is projected to increase to 50% by 2030. The influx of foreigners has caused Singaporeans to fear or hate foreigners even more. In other words, Singaporeans are becoming increasingly xenophobic. This is evident in the increase of xenophobic acts or events like the Hong Lim Park protest and Philippine Independence Day. Undeniably, xenophobia is a contemporary social issue in Singapore. Hence, it is important for us to understand the severity of xenophobia in Singapore to come out with appropriate solutions to combat xenophobia.

But because the cause of the war, Indonesia doubt overseas Chinese in Indonesia secretly organizations of the communist party of China, participate in the war, hurt the interest of Indonesia. In order to dispel the doubts of Indonesia in China, so in 1953, and cancel the dual nationality, and to the friendship between the two countries have been establishing stable now. (Harris, 2011)So Singapore may face this problem too. And Singapore a lot of people Singapore being unhappy with these foreigners, if Singapore allow dual nationality, will make a lot of Singaporean unhappy.Because increasing competition for jobs opportunities ,study, and it will lead Singapore become not unit as so many Singaporean will complain about the dual

However, the development of Singapore’s society cannot be predicated on pure economics alone. Even though globalization has enabled Singapore to fare well in economic development, however, termed the perils of success, globalization has brought about undesirable

Singapore has a capitalised mixed economy. Having strong international trade links, Singapore possesses one of the most open economies for international trade and investment. Singapore offers foreign investors a pro-business environment, excellent infrastructure, highly-skilled and cosmopolitan labour force, and a robust legal/judicial system. These competitive factors have set Singapore apart from other locations, winning several accolades including: §

The Republic of Singapore celebrated its 42 years of independence in year 2007. Situated at the southern tip of Malaysia, Singapore currently holds a population of 4.68 million as of June 2007. At 704.0km2, it is ranked 4th in the world for its population density. During the past four decades, the economy as measured by real Gross Domestic Product (GDP), multiplied by over 20 times (Ghesquiere, 2007, p.11). As a small and extremely open economy, Singapore long term survival is very much dependent on the ability to maintain its viable position and remain afloat in the sea of global competition (Mun Heng et al, 1998, p.14).

Local and foreign labour are deemed essential to Singapore’s workforce in order to sustain competitiveness in economic development. However long standing past policy implication and current policy taken by the Government to spur economic development, could be argued to affect the labour market and SMEs in the long run.

Singapore has a high-income economy with one of the highest standards of living in the world. It has a gross national income of $55,150 per capita as of 2014. Since 1965, after independence, Singapore rapidly grew from a low income country to a high income country. GDP grew with an average of 7.7% since independence; in the first 25 years growth topped 9.2%. Per capita GDP over the same periods grew by 5.4% and 7.2%. Singapore industrialized rapidly in the 1960s and manufacturing was the main pillar of the economy. In the 1980s, the economy diversified and other sectors such as petrochemicals, finance and tourism sectors grew in importance. Due to its rapid development between 1960s and 1990s, Singapore is known as one of the “four Asian tigers” alongside Korea, Taiwan and Hong Kong. The economy contracted 0.6% in 2009 as a result of the global financial crisis, but rebounded 15.1% in 2010, on the strength of renewed exports, before slowing to in 2011-13, largely a result of soft demand for exports during the second European recession. For long term growth, Singapore government is now focusing on value added sectors such as pharmaceutical and aerospace sectors as well as raising productivity of its work force.

Tshitereke (1999) introduces a psychological level of explanation to supplement this sociological interpretation. He conceptualises xenophobia in terms of frustration and relative deprivation. Relative-deprivation theory suggests that 'a key psychological factor in generating social unrest is a sense of relative deprivation. This arises from a subjective feeling of discontent based on the belief that one is getting less than one feels entitled to.

On the night of 8 December 2013, Singapore came face to face with the incident that put an end to the riot-free track record we had been enjoying for over 40 years. The Little India riot was a wake up call in our usually stable sociopolitical climate. Over 400 foreign workers, mostly under the influence of alcohol, had violently attacked the police and destroyed government property after a foreign worker had been killed in an accident. It is important to note that this incident had occurred in the light of the formation of an increasingly complex society, where more than one fifth of the population comprises foreigners. Various issues such as overcrowding and tensions between foreigners and Singaporeans are among rising concerns. It also seems to be becoming a more liberal society. These changes in society should be accompanied by respective changes in the government, with the focus on conscientiously addressing the old, and the new concerns of the society. The riot was indicative of the government’s shortfall in its foreseeing of issues and decision making, evidencing the need to learn new lessons.