Essay on Einstein on Relativity

The Special Theory of relativity is an acknowledged physical theory that revolutionized advancements in the relationship between space, and time. The theory is one of the most interesting discoveries that are still used today in science fiction movies such as Star Wars, and Star Trek through the use of black holes, and time travel due to it’s astonishing results, and it occurrence at speeds close to the speed light, which can be appealing to a wide range of audience. This was a harvest from six years of extremely handwork by Albert Einstein. Einstein used resources that were widely available to the public due to his economic constraints. It wasn’t until 1905, when Einstein finally had finished and published his discoveries, and gatherings

Kuhn (1996) describes a paradigm as the accepted norm of a science. The standards, rules, and scientific tradition one follows in a particular area of scientific study comprise the paradigm. Research, such as the one described here, “is a cumulative enterprise, eminently successful in its aim, the steady extension of the scope and precision of scientific knowledge” (p. 52). The study provided

1) How did Albert Einstein's "new physics" change perceptions of the way the universe worked?

In 1939 the president of America, Franklin Delano Roosevelt was informed that the axis powers scientists have discovered how to split the uranium atom. The power produced by this is very large and could be used as a nuclear weapon against the Allies. Before WWII America knew that nuclear weapons were being studied and were afraid the axis powers would discover it first. Thankfully Albert Einstein and Enrico Fermi fled their countries to inform the American president on how dangerous this could potentially be. Einstein eventually wrote a letter to roosevelt, telling him the seriousness of this power, and urging Roosevelt to create a research program for their own atomic bomb. Roosevelt eventually agreed but told his scientists to proceed

Einstein, a name that has become a synonym for someone who has incredible intellectual abilities. Who was Einstein? What did he do? How did he become who he is? Why do we hear about him and call him a genius?

Significant changes in history are often depicted through rebellions, which specifically comes from taking a stand for viewpoint based on the conditions it presents. Einstein, a world-renowned German physician, believed in pacifism and such non-violent acts, so during World War II his ideal for world peace was considered to be uncommon and rejected due to the majority seeking dominance and power through victory rather than equal standing. Though without having any power or impact towards U.S. powers, Einstein was able to contribute towards a sense of world peace with not only his idea, but instead many other ideas that coincided with his opinion. Einstein rejected military and common ideas when concerning the atomic bombs. He assumed that the use of the atomic bomb would have not been necessary, and that the

First, there is McClintock’s scholar-practitioner model that is based on the idea that learners will continue to study, develop, and seek to build off of their pervious and current education in order to form new ideas. McClintock’s model explains how the term scholar-practitioner is grounded in theory and research. This theory is expanded on ideas, personal values, and ethical conduct (McClintock, 2004). As scholar-practitioners one can continue to build, plan, research, and apply what they have learned based on experiences. The second model, Capella’s learning model, helps learners develop and build systems and strategies for analyzing and resolving problems (Capella, 2003). This model is very clear and concise as allows learners to see the different roles at the baccalaureate level, master’s level, and doctoral level. Each level is comprised of ways learners will apply knowledge they have to help them solve problems. All learners can be categorized based on this model. For example, those at the baccalaureate level are considered reflective-practitioners, learners at the master’s level as practitioner-scholars, and the doctorate level as scholar-practitioners (Capella,

The main stride of scientific process is the literature review. Scientists will later get that topic, observe it and see if the previous scientists use all accurate tools they needed. The scientist who is observing will later on use their new tools to re test it, to see if they can come up with furthermore intelligence (ch 6, para. 41). All scientists begin with a theory clarifying on how everything works and why it works. Beach talks about Matthew Crawford, a mechanic who did not understand how a motorcycle engine worked, Crawford eventually came across a more experienced mechanic and pointed out and how it worked and why it worked. This example of Crawford is a theory, it's putting everything together to find out how and why the motorcycle engine functions (ch 6, para. 42). Once a scientist comes up with a theory, it then comes up with a hypotheses basically testing out your theory to prove if it is wrong or right. After the scientist test out their hypothesis, they go to the last step of scientific method which is important called the peer review. It is basically presenting your conclusion to the public to get a second observation to see whether or not you have any errors or false

Throughout The Structure of Scientific Revolutions, Thomas S. Kuhn goes over a common problem that often exists among science, the problem of relativity in conformation with Kuhn’s concept of a paradigm. Many viewed Kuhn’s reply to charges of relativism as mundane, and that his reply may be inadequate. I feel his reply is adequate in the sense that Kuhn accounts for the fact that different people may have different perceptions of reality and that competing viewpoints may both be valid. Kuhn argues that both the skeptic and the relativist are wrong. Potentially, it could be said that Kuhn does not feel that progress in the field of science is a relative concept. However mainly the argument is that Kuhn

Kuhn argues that paradigms contribute to a sense of order within communities because the community’s research is based off of a prearranged set of accepted beliefs. Paradigmatic boundaries contribute to a sense of clarity that results from fact-gathering activities within scientific communities. In contrast, the collection of “mere facts”, which do not stem from paradigmatic boundaries of explanation, results in nothing but puzzlement (Kuhn, 2012, p. 35). As a result, Kuhn argues that paradigms are vital for establishing validity in regard to the questions and findings that are related to fact-gathering activities. In contrast, the absence of a paradigm would pose a major disadvantage for a hypothetical scientific community that does not use a paradigm-based approach for fact-gathering activities. Kuhn believes nothing but confusion could be derived from a collection of facts that belong to endeavors that are not rooted in a scientific community’s paradigm. In class, a paradigm was metaphorically compared to the glue that binds a scientific community together. This metaphorical comparison was used in an effort to illustrate the intimate relationship between paradigms and normal science that Kuhn describes in this book. After reading Kuhn’s book, and becoming well acquainted with his usage of paradigm in the context of his book, I could not agree more with the argument that he is making throughout this book. Therefore, it is obvious that paradigms mold fact-gathering activities related to normal science, that there are advantages to fact-gathering activities stemming from paradigms, and that absence of a paradigm would possibly plague a scientific community when scientists would try to approach fact-gathering

To begin understanding whether or not science progresses towards greater truths, truth must first be defined. It is the quality or state of conforming to fact or reality.1 As such a greater truth is one which better conforms to reality. Through scientific revolutions science progresses towards a taxonomy of greater truths. To accept this one must first understand that truths exist in science, that there are greater truths which replace falsified truths, and that science is continually building its way towards those greater truths through revolutions. For the purpose of this essay a scientific revolution is as Kuhn describes the shift from one accepted paradigm to a new one where a paradigm is considered a distinct set of concepts and theories. Science seeks to discover and explain the objective realities of our world and universe through these concepts and theories. Throughout history theories have been proposed, accepted, and replaced. This is the one constant of science in the long run; that it is always improving upon itself; our bank of knowledge is increasing. While there are periods of regression, today the world is definitively more scientifically advanced then it was a millennia ago. But why is it that we consider todays accepted paradigms to be true and the paradigms from antiquity false?

A research paradigm is “the set of common beliefs and agreements shared between scientists about how problems should be understood and addressed” (Kuhn, 1962)

1.) a shared understanding among scientists or scholars working in a discipline regarding the important problems, structures, values, and assumptions determining that discipline.(Saunders, 2003).

This science deals with facts from machines, inventions, and technology. The third is junk science. Junk science is: faulty scientific information or research, especially when used to advance special interests (dictionary.com, 2018). Once a person decides to use the sciences to figure out fact or fiction one uses the scientific method to find the facts. The steps one follows for this process include: Observation, hypothesis, experiment, conclusion.

The third paper was on electrodynamics of moving bodies. It became known as the theory of relativity. It explains how matter and radiation interact with one another. With these well thought out papers Albert Einstein had solved the unanswered problems of the world. He wanted to learn more and began to try and answer the questions of the universe. In 1939 Einstein connected with other scientists and wrote a letter to the president, Franklin D.