“El contexto lo es todo” (Margaret Atwood) ¿Quiere decir esta afirmación que la verdad no existe?
Cuando empecé a idear este ensayo yo estaba convencida de que esta afirmación no era correcta, pues la verdad tenía que existir al menos en la mayoría de las áreas de conocimiento. Mi postura coincidía más con la frase: “El contexto no lo es todo, pero es lo que da vida a lo inerte...” (Ser), de éste modo el contexto era más que nada la ilación de nuestros pensamientos. Mi razonamiento me llevaba a pensar que si la verdad no existe, que es considerado como el cimiento del conocimiento, no se podría llegar a tener siquiera un contexto. No obstante si se separa la idea de un todo y se permite expandir el análisis del contexto, definiéndolo
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Por consiguiente se puede decir que la historia sí depende del contexto, por tanto que realmente no se conoce lo que sucedió certeramente y esta a interpretación de quien lo lee y quien lo escribe. Fue entonces cuando comencé a pensar que era probable que algunas áreas de conocimiento, como las ciencias humanas y la historia, pudieran depender del contexto, pero que las áreas como son las matemáticas, y ciencias naturales debían contener verdad y así podrían existir sin importar su contexto. ¿Qué persona en su sano juicio se atrevería a afirmar que 2+2=5? Pero si se analiza el origen de las matemáticas, se puede ver que todo surge de axiomas o sea proposiciones consideradas los cimientos de un área que por si mismos no tienen origen ni explicación mas ayudan a probar otras proposiciones de manera lógica (Glosario). Para poder comprender y explicar mejor mi razonamiento decidí enfocarme solamente en un área de las matemáticas, la geometría cuyos axiomas son el punto, la recta y las paralelas. Con base a estos tres conceptos se pueden crear y explicar todas las figuras de la naturaleza, o al menos así nos han enseñado. No obstante si se examina esta teoría se puede ver que está basada en dos dimensiones, pues eso ayuda a nuestro entendimiento; pero el mundo en el que vivimos no es uno de dos dimensiones, por lo tanto se podría dudar de este método “Euclidiano” como es conocido. Fue el matemático Rieman quien propuso la idea de que las paralelas no pueden existir pues el
1. Is the concept of “mestiza” one of inclusion or exclusion? Read the first paragraph of “La Conciencia,” cite, and explain.
Una de las principales fuentes de riesgo que presenta Pecom ante este escenario, es sin duda el
The Spaniards had a unique way of depicting history through Hernan Cortes’ letters to the Spanish King and Francisco Lopez de Gomara’s narrative created from Cortes’ testimonies. Each explanation from these men detail a different aspect of time in the around 1519 of the Spanish conquest. Firstly, Cortes’ letters are written in favor of the Spanish King, Charles the V. Cortes specifically explains objects and references the resources, land, and treasures to create growth to the mother country. For example,
What is the mind-body problem? The mind-body problem asks the question, are the mind and body separate substances of elements of the same substance? In this paper I wish to propose, and try to provide support for Descartes notion of the immaterial mind, by critically discussing the view of substance dualism, pertaining to the relationship between the mind and body. The two arguments of which I will provide in this paper to support this view are divisibility and disembodied existence. There are two fundamentally different substances in this universe, physical and mental properties, this paper will explore both of these substances (8).
So in the end, Thomas Aquinas and Rene Descartes both attempted to prove the existence of God, but they differ in respect to the different thought processes to obtain the existence of God. An still to this day both Philosophers are regarded as key factor in the world of philosophy and their arguments were so influential that they were able to land a spot in our textbook “THE GREAT CONVERSATION”. But thanks to these gentlemen and their contributions to their works were able
In his first meditation, Descartes proposes that the beliefs that are built upon societal foundations may be false; societal foundations being that in which we have accepted to be true in the masses. The first meditation is the beginning of doubt for Descartes. In the text, questionable doubt lurks in the world within our senses, knowledge, and false beliefs. In this paper, I will explain why Descartes attempts to rebuild the foundations of our beliefs and explain the differences between the reality of Descartes and the socially accepted reality. First, I will expand on Descartes' argument against the human senses in which we do not question. Then, I will show you how Descartes defines what is truly a definitive constant of reality using mathematics,
The process of analysis shall move from each individual dialogue followed by commentary informed by secondary works. The Laches, the most basic of the dialogues, will precede the Meno, and finally the Protagoras until each text has been examined. The final section will include concluding arguments and affirmatively answer the question regarding virtue acquisition.
Reneì Descartes’ treatise on dualism, his Meditations on First Philosophy, is a seminal work in Western intellectual history, outlining his theory of the mind and its relation to the rest of the world. The main argument running through the Meditations leads from his universal methodic doubt through his famous cogito, to proofs of dualism, God, and the world. The Cartesian dualism is one of the most influential ideas to come out of the work; the style of the Meditations, however, is one of personal rumination, following what appears to be Descartes’ stream of consciousness , and it allows for mild tangential discussions. Hence alongside his more famous argument for dualism,
In Daniel Garber’s article, “Descartes against his teachers: The Refutation of Hylomorphism”, the metaphysics of the early scholastics is presented to show the similarities and differences between what Descartes was taught through scholasticism and what he came to refute. Through analysis of the article I will present what Descartes considered to be the central ideas of scholastic metaphysics, as well as show what he chose reject from that doctrine, why he chose to reject it, and what he chose to retain, in the development of Cartesian metaphysics.
The author’s metaphysical format brings together philosophical and religious issues, which are brought out by the use of paradoxes and conceits. For instance, death is compared to as a “slave” that brings the “soul’s
This paper explores the issues of Hector Sanchez and Celia Sanchez. Hector Sanchez is the patriarch of the Sanchez Family, who is struggling with various issues such as his health as well as employment and financial instability. Celia Sanchez is the wife of Hector and the matriarch of the Sanchez Family. Celia is struggling to provide for her family in lieu of their financial troubles as well as her husband’s ailing health which caring for his needs as well as her own. The goal of this paper is to analyze the issues affecting Hector and Celia Sanchez through the Person-in-Environment
exist without it@(Descartes 74). Descartes argument for this statement is seen in the following premises:
It is the purpose of this essay to examine both Descartes’ Cogito argument and his skepticism towards small and universal elements, as well as the implications these arguments have on each other. First, I will summarize and explain the skepticism Descartes’ brings to bear on small and universal elements in his first meditation. Second, I will summarize and explain the Cogito argument, Descartes’ famous “I think, therefore I am” (it should be noted that this famous implication is not actually something ever said or written by Descartes, but instead, an implication taken from his argument for his own existence). Third, I will critique the line of reasoning underlying these arguments. Descartes attacks
Against diachronic perspectives, I propose a synchronic interpretation under which I maintain that Cartesian dualism and the union of mind and body are simultaneously present all along Descartes works. (1) Through this category I try to accomplish my purpose in this paper, which is to show that there is coherence and intelligibility in Descartes conceptions of dualism and union.
Consintió igualmente la creación de subequipos dentro del propio equipo; Fester y Link por un lado, haciendo con ello que los demás miembros del equipo se sintieran apartados e inferiores a ellos. A ello contribuyó incluso el propio Knowlton, al convocar una reunión únicamente con Link y Fester para examinar las nuevas teorías que este había desarrollado, en lugar de evaluarlas delante de todo el equipo como se había hecho hasta entonces.