Elective Induction, Risk Or Reward?

Yet, these preterm births and the deaths can be stopped and prevented with established, low cost involvements. There is a prominent, noticeable and

Nowadays, there are many possibilities.  New advances in science may cover almost any complication in pregnancy, without having to choose to kill the mother or the baby.

Childbirth is one of the greatest privileges on the earth anyone could have and we, as women, should feel proud to be major contributors for it. Thus, a mother has to play a key role in aiding the healthcare workers to mitigate the health crisis associated with childbirth by performing her duties faithfully. One such associated health crisis is “Premature (preterm) birth” which occurs when the baby is born too early, before 37 weeks of gestational period (CDC, 2015). The rate of preterm birth ranges from 5% to 18% of babies born across 184 countries (WHO, 2015).

Maternal mortality represents more than the loss of lives for individual women, as it also reflects the larger value and prioritization of women 's health and threatens the health and survival of families, young children, and even the communities in which they live (Royston and Armstrong, 1989). Maternal mortality is unacceptably high (WHO, 2015b). Globally, approximately 830 women die every day from pregnancy- or childbirth-related complications (ibid.). The causes of maternal mortality are predominately preventable and can be classified into three fundamental causes: (1) medical - consisting of direct medical problems and pre-existent/coexistent medical problems that are aggravated by pregnancy, (2) underlying - social and legal conditions, and (3) health systems laws and policies that address availability, accessibility, and quality of reproductive health services (PHP et al, 2011).

The writer explained there could be no concern for fetal or maternal health during the delivery although some obstetricians tended to induce labor in all diabetic mothers to protect babies and mothers. Moreover, labor progress was supposedly assessed by old-fashioned methods, which resulted in performing unnecessary obstetrical practices. Intervention was imposed in cases of inaccurately labeled slow or abnormal labors and failures to progress. It is common practice that a primary cesarean generally produces subsequent surgical deliveries. The author realized that cesareans were performed because of insufficient data on laboring women’s

The significance that this mother did not receive prenatal care is that the risks for having a premature delivery could have been reduced or eliminated completely. The mother could have been put on medications to stop early labor like Magnesium sulfate to relax the smooth muscle of the uterus and stop contractions, progesterone to prevent early labor, and monitoring fetal heart rate patterns in order to report any complications to the attending provider caring for the patient. Progesterone reduces the risk of delivering a baby early, before 37 weeks gestation, in mothers who are pregnant with just a single fetus or a mother who previously had a premature birth of a fetus (Progesterone Treatment, 2014, para. 4). In

In many cases, a patient increases their odds of a cesarean section if they chose to be induced without causation. A study was conducted between the years of 1999 to 2000 with 3215 nulliparous women. The findings of this study showed that nulliparous women are at a significantly higher risk of needing a cesarean section if they were electively induced (Luthy et al., 2004). Multiple studies have looked at nulliparous versus multiparous women and have found that elective inductions do not look to increase the odds of a woman needing a cesarean section in multiparous women. Researchers have begun to look at other possible relationships between patients who undergo an elective induction that results in a caesarean section and they have found

It seems as though it is becoming more and more common for women to ask about being induced earlier in their pregnancy instead of waiting for the date that they are due or waiting until that 39 week mark. It seems like women are just getting tired of being pregnant and just want to be done and have their baby already. What they may not realize, is that having that attitude or mind set could potentially be harmful to their baby. As of October 9, 2012 it was to be implemented by Banner Health that elective inductions or caesarean sections will only be done if the mother is 39 weeks or greater. Now that the policy is in effect, what is being done with it? Is it being followed? As well as what do nurses

The World Health Organisation (WHO) states that Induction of labour should be offered to women when it is considered safer to deliver the baby for either, the baby, the mother, or both, rather than proceed with the pregnancy until spontaneous delivery. WHO specify there should also be an absence of contraindications for vaginal delivery and there should be no indication for a caesarean section (The World Health Organisation, 2011). This is supported by The Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists (RCOG) and National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) guidelines, (2008) for IOL, which endorse that women should be offered induction after 41 weeks between 41+0 and 42+0 weeks to avoid the risks of post-term pregnancy such as intrauterine fetal death (RCOG,2008; NICE, 2008). Yelikar (2007) suggests that post-term pregnancy is a pregnancy that is greater in length then 294 days from the last menstrual period or where it has progressed passed the expected date of delivery (EDD). It can also be referred to as prolonged pregnancy, post-maturity or post-date pregnancy (Yelikar, 2007)

A sustainable amount of research has been done throughout the years on the cause and effect of adverse birth outcomes. These

Caesarean Delivery upon request it is defined as a primary pre-labor delivery on the request of the mother in the absence of any maternal or fetal indications. Risks that are potential with a maternal requested delivery will explain that hospital stay is longer, increased risk with respiratory issues with mother and infant, and greater complications for the maternal with other pregnancies. Those complications can include rupture of the uterus, implantation problems with next pregnancy and the need for hysterectomy due to complications of prior caesarean. Potential benefits from a planned caesarean can include decrease in complications from birth, decrease in the risk of hemorrhage and transfusions from blood lost. Fewer complications from surgery and the fetal outcome from respiratory complications is decreased. According to The American College of Obstetrics and Gynecologists "The belief that the absence of maternal and fetal indications for caesarean delivery, a planned delivery is safe and appropriate and should be recommended to patients, delivery should not be performed before a gestational age of 39 weeks". (2013). The ability of maternal requested should not be available or recommended unless there is complication or effective pain management. This is also not recommended for maternal that want to have more children. The risks outweighs the benefits of maternal

Pairman et al (2015) state that ‘Induction of labour is the artificial initiation of labour before its spontaneous onset, for the purpose of birthing the baby’ (Pairman, Pincombe, Thorogood, & Tracy, 2015 p 1015). Additionally, a local trust policy suggestions induction of labour (IOL) is ‘An intervention designed to artificially initiate uterine contractions, leading to progressive effacement and dilatation of the cervix and the birth of the baby.’ (Local Trust, 2011 P3). Both definitions state that the IOL is artificially simulated labour with the intention to birth of the baby. However for the purpose of this essay the definition provided by the local trust will be utilised, as it gives

Vaginal birth after caesarean (VBAC) is the name used for identifying the method of giving birth vaginally after previously delivering at least one baby through a caesarean section (CS). A trial of labour (TOL) is the term used to describe the process of attempting a VBAC. An elected repeat caesarean (ERC) is the other option for women who have had a caesarean in the past. The rates of women choosing to deliver by means of an ERC has been increasing in many countries, this is typically due to the common assumption that there are too many risks for the baby and mother (Knight, Gurol-Urganci, Van Der Meulen, Mahmood, Richmond, Dougall, & Cromwell, 2013). The success rate of VBAC lies in the range of 56 - 80%, a reasonably high success rate, however, the repeat caesarean birth rate has increased to 83% in Australia (Knight et al., 2013). It is essential to inform women of the contraindications, success criteria, risks, benefits, information on uterine rupture and the role of the midwife in relation to considering attempting a VBAC (Hayman, 2014). This information forms the basis of an antenatal class (Appendix 1) that provides the necessary information to women who are considering attempting a VBAC and can therefore enable them to make their own decision regarding the mode of birth.

Pregnancy is normally the best and the happiest stage of any woman, but it can also be uncertain because anything can go wrong if you do not know exactly what to do. In order to understand the reasons of why Preterm Birth occurs, it is important to know what it is and how risky it can be. Preterm Birth is also known as Premature labor which mainly begins after “20 weeks but before 37 completed week’s gestations. Approximately 12.9 million babies worldwide are born too early every year representing an incidence of PTB of 9.6%” (Berghella, pp. 2, 8). Baby Center Medical Advisory Board says that about 12 percent of babies

Prenatal care is widely accepted as an important element in improving pregnancy outcome. (Gorrie, McKinney, Murray, 1998). Prenatal care is defined as care of a pregnant woman during the time in the maternity cycle that begins with conception and ends with the onset of labor. A medical, surgical, gynecologic, obstretic, social and family history is taken (Mosby's Medical, Nursing, and Allied Health Dictionary, 1998). It is important for a pregnant woman as well as our society to know that everything that you do has an effect on your baby. Because so many women opt not to receive the benefits of prenatal care, our society sees the ramification, which include a variety of complications primarily