Electrolyte Concentration Experiment

Research Question: This investigation will determine the how the amount of water (independent variable) affects the amount the amount of time (dependent variable) it takes for the Alka-Seltzer to dissolve.

Inorganic ions in animals and plants are necessary for vital cellular activity. In body tissue they can also be called electrolytes, which are essential for electrical activity needed to support muscle contractions and neuron activation. Ions also effect how pH changes in the blood and other bodily functions. Ions are also incorporated into the structure of biological molecules.

The scientist’s topic reveals around temperature. The scientist trying to figure out which temperature has the fastest reaction time. The independent variable for this experiment is the different temperatures being used, the dependent variable is the reaction time for the Alka-Seltzer tablets.

Abstract: This experiment introduced the student to lab techniques and measurements. It started with measuring length. An example of this would be the length of a nickel, which is 2cm. The next part of the experiment was measuring temperature. I found that water boils around 95ºC at 6600ft. Ice also has a significant effect on the temperature of water from the tap. Ice dropped the temperature about 15ºC. Volumetric measurements were the basis of the 3rd part of the experiment. It was displayed during this experiment that a pipet holds about 4mL and that there are approximately 27 drops/mL from a short stem pipet. Part 4 introduced the student to measuring

Essential minerals - Some electrolytes are considered essential minerals, meaning that they are unable to be made within the body and are an essential part of health.

The first lab was testing the equilibrium of hydrogen ions within brewed tea. We put tea in three different wells. One was left alone for a control, one had acetic acid added to it, and the other had sodium hydroxide added to it. The solution was stirred after each substance was added to the tea to ensure even distribution. After finishing and recording results and observations, the trays were rinsed and dried.

Athletes can perform at peak capacity and stay healthy by drinking regularly. Staying properly hydrated is not complicated and is essential for optimal performance. While eating the right types of food is extremely important, your body also needs water in order to stay cool and healthy. It is vital that your body recovers what is lost through the act of sweating, because your muscles and heart needs water in order to function properly. Without it, you will not get adequate circulation to your muscles and you can also face dehydration, a dangerous medical condition. The signs and symptoms of dehydration include:

Since Gatorade was created in 1987, it has become the official drink sponsored by American athletics. Most sports leagues, including the NBA, MLB, and NFL, are sponsored by and promote Gatorade. Although it is highly praised, one must stop and wonder exactly how effective Gatorade is in doing what it is they're advertised to do? Does Gatorade’s popularity come from the billions of dollars of advertising spent by the company or does it actually quench the thirst of a high performance athlete?

Conclusion: Overall, we accept our hypothesis because as molarity increases, so does the percent change. This is because as molarity increases, that means concentration increases also. This then allows water to flow out of the dialysis due to osmosis. During osmosis, water will flow from a high concentration to a low concentration which will decrease the overall final mass due to substances leaving the dialysis bag. This why we left space in the dialysis bag.

Lab Report 1 Introduction: The experiment was about creating solutions of standard molarity and measuring concentrations. Solutions were made up of two parts, the solute and the solvent. The solvent was the dissolving substance and the solute was the substance being dissolved. Concentrations are based on how much solute is in a solvent, and is reported by the units of molarity.

The reason for this lab/research study is to know the physical effects on water vs Gatorade in exercise in a limited period of time. There are 2 subjects that are always active ,one male (19 years old) and the other female (35 years old). Both of the subjects were asked to a 90 minute workout session which included walking. During one session, the male was consisted drinking a 32 ounce fierce grape Gatorade and the female was drinking 32 ounces of water. There was a big differences in “peak rating of perceived exertion”. By the data taken it was suggested that

Foor this you simply have to take a look at the processed data table and graph. There is a clear specific trend, visibly recognizable as well as mathematically (a trend line indicates it), that is, as the molar concentration (solute) of salt increased in the solution where potatoes were placed, the mass of potatoes decreased. Now, from the molar concentrations of salt solute that we tested (0.0M, 0.2M, 0.4M, 0.6M, 0.8M, 1.0M) we cannot decipher with certainty and accuracy what is the molar concentration of potato cells. However, we can estimate, and judging by the a decrease in percent mass from 21.10% grams (0.0M) to 12.13% (0.2M) and followed by a constant decrease in percent change in mass, it can be said that the salt concentration of a potato cell is between 0.0M and 0.2M. This is because these molar concentrations are the one that show the decrease in mass of the potato. When there’s a decrease in mass, this practically means that the water inside the cells is leaving because of diffusion to areas of lower concentration.

The experimental setup will be a pH meter placed inside each water bottle of water to check the acidity in each one, and it will be tested with a pH meter. The purpose of the investigation is to see which company of water bottles has the highest pH level. The independent variables are the different companies of water, the dependent variable will be the pH level of the water, and the controlled variable will be the pH meter, the computer and wires, the glass of water, and the distilled water.

Distilled water, 0.05M C2H602, and 0.05M CH3OH are all nonelectrolytes because of their low conductivity readings. 0.05M NH3, 0.05M CH3COOH, and tap water are all weak electrolytes because they are in the middle range of the data between the nonelectrolytes and the strong electrolytes. This leaves 0.05M KBr and 0.05M HCl as the strong electrolytes as their readings were much higher in conductivity than the other solutions tested in part A of the experiment. When comparing all the tables we can also see why distilled water was used as our control in the experiment.

If someone doesn’t have enough electrolytes in their system then they can’t function. Electrolytes are important because they are what certain cells-such as nerve, heart, and muscle- use to sustain voltages across their cell membranes. They are also what cells use to carry electrical impulses, as in nerve impulses and muscle contractions, across themselves and to other cells. Kidneys work to keep the electrolyte concentration in blood constant in spite of changes in the body. Again, when exercising, the body loses most electrolytes in the sweat; sports drinks which contain sodium chloride or potassium chloride are consumed after the workout to provide the body with the energy it just lost. They also contain added sugar and flavorings to the drinks to give extra energy and to make the drink taste better. People also drink other drinks after a workout because they feel that it obtains the energy more effectively.