Ellen Ullman's Analysis

Her Mexican background and female gender both carry negative connotations that can affect her experiences within an occupation. In addition to herself, gender and race-based discrimination affects many people and so, by bringing attention to the issue, she and her fellow feminists could make an enormous impact on the affected population- women and people of color. At her conference, Ana, Bose, and Whaley would propose introducing affirmative-action legislation that would aid in desegregating occupations, which would in turn, help reduce discriminatory treatment of workers. Abandoning stereotypical lessons of masculine men and feminine women in regards with the academic fields/occupations people decide to go into also would also aid in reducing sex

Over the past few decades, great strides have been made by women in the workplace. This increased number in women in the workplace does not mean equality however. Even with equal qualifications and achievements, women are still not given all the opportunities that men have. The chapter in the textbook, “Gender at Work”, shows us more of these inequalities in the workplace. Such inequalities cause gender segregation of jobs and can be linked with the pay inequality in the labor force. Even in jobs that are predominantly filled by women, men earn more than women. Women are often stereotyped as being family focused and not as able to travel, therefore they tend to get passed up for promotions (Garson p.353). This invisible barrier that keeps women from moving up the executive ladder is referred to as the “glass ceiling” (Baxter and Wright p. 346). Women also tend to do more domestic work, or unpaid labor and caregiving. This extra unpaid work is referred to as “the third shift” and is largely rested on the shoulders of women (Gersel p. 352). Consequently, this seems to be one of the biggest things holding women back from taking on jobs that are normally considered male

According to Metz (2011), women are being deprived of opportunities and being squeezed out of organisations due to preconceptions about their dedication to a long term role, based on outdated gender stereotypes. In general, women experience higher rates of harassment at work, compared to men(McLaughlin, Uggen and Blackstone 2012).

Ullman puts her argument within the context of computer science, particularly in the field of computer programming. She notes that, in the deep and technical aspects of computer programming, women are “nearly alone, outsiders in a culture that [is] sometimes boyishly puerile, sometimes rigorously hierarchical, occasionally friendly and welcoming” (Ullman 728). In other words, Ullman observes that there is a stark disparity between men and women as far as actual employment in computer programming is concerned. For Ullman, the disparity extends to other

Despite legislation for equal opportunities, sexism is still evident in the workplace. Women have made great advancements in the workforce and have become an integral part of the labor market. They have greater access to higher education and as a result, greater access to traditionally male dominated professions such as law. While statistics show that women are equal to men in terms of their numbers in the law profession, it is clear however, that they have not yet achieved equality in all other areas of their employment. Discrimination in the form of gender, sex and sexual harassment continues to be a problem in today’s society.

Gender bias has continued to be constructed in communication through marked forms. In Lean In, Sheryl Sandberg discusses, “When people talk about a female pilot, a female engineer, or a female race car driver, the word “female” implies a bit of surprise”(Sandberg, 140). If everyone continues not to discuss gender bias then the world will continue to use marked forms, which Sandberg sees as a tool for people to be-little others (Sandberg, 140). She concludes this thought by saying “We can no longer pretend that biases do not exist, nor can we talk around them. The result of creating a more equal environment will not just be better performance for our organizations, but quite likely greater happiness for all”(Sandberg, 158).

Over the last several decades, great strides have been made when it comes to eliminating sexism and progressing towards gender equality. However, sexism is still ingrained in our everyday culture. This is evident in the fact that in 2017 women earn about 80 cents to a man’s dollar and are less likely to be promoted within the workplace. It’s an unfortunate fact the most women will experience some form of sexism throughout their lives. In this paper, I will address my personal experiences with both hostile and benevolent sexism, how the two forms of sexism differ, and how these experiences have affected me.

- Christine Darden asked her supervisor why women were always hired as computers or data

On May 22nd, 2014, a group of women technologists and leaders made a huge contribution in the fight for gender equality for women in technology1. They grabbed the attention of their audience in an equality issue that has been a hard fought battle of gender equality. At this time, male and female tech employees seem to be divided on how it is that a direct call to action and solution to the issue of gender inequality in tech be taken2. This group of women has offered to give a voice to the people and organizations that are willing to and actively making changes in gender equality3. It has been this mentality and perseverance of this group of women that have made this plight visible and women’s experiences valid. On one hand, there is a group of women who believe that the workplace need be diversified, focusing on inclusion and talent to reach gender equality. On the other hand, there are male employees who believe that because they do not choose to participate in the discriminatory behavior against female counterparts, there is no problem that exists and therefore there is no need for changes in the workplace. This paper seeks to utilize pentadic analysis

Ellen Toliver at the start of the story was very shy and scared when she went out of her comfort zone so here is how she changed. This is how she was scared of going out of her comfort zone. She was scared of Dicey because it says on pg. 10 “Dicey went blustering about like a tough butcher boy.” she was also scared of going out of comfort zone the example is on pg. 30 “Someday I’m going to stay at home all the time and never go out!” Ellen didn’t go out of her comfort zone mainly because of Dicey but other reasons to, Dicey was a bully she would bully Ellen if she went to that water pump and when she got bullied all she thought about was her home. Ellen started gaining more confidence throughout the story. One example is that Ellen grandpa

Stereotype threats are negative consequences about one’s race, sex, nationality, or social group. Stereotype threats are used a lot more frequently than people realize. Gender is a powerful stereotype that affects many people’s decisions and actions. The stereotype of women in the workplace has come a long way even in the last twenty years. Many businesses tend to want to diversify their demographics by making the ratio of men to women almost equal. “Demographic projections anticipate that by the year 2000 women will exceed 50 per cent of the total workforce…” (Johnston and Packer, 1987). Women were able to make their way in to the workplace when men were off at war during the 1950s. During this time, women proved their ability to do the same kind of jobs men did. Many women worked as machinist, factory workers, and clergies.

Some people say that sexism no longer exists in the workplace, yet only "19%" of women are in a presidential or chief position at work(Bomey ). Women are less likely to be hired for a job despite having all the qualifications, women earn less than men, and women are continuously harassed in the workplace. Despite the fact that women are capable to "perform with the same skill and success" as men, the issue of gender discrimination still continues to rise( ). In society, sometimes it can be difficult to recognize issues of sexism not only at work but in life. With the failure to realize gender discrimination and harassment in the world, educating people on the issue of sexism can make the workplace a success.

Century-old traditions of girls growing up with pink ribbons and dolls rather than toy airplanes or building kits places young girls in a bubble of who they are and what they are meant to be. While girls grow to become industry professionals, the Silicon Valley’s culture developed by Cannon and Perry drives women away because “men tend to prefer working with things while women prefer working with people”. However, the technology industry is arguably one of the most interpersonal careers because communication and teamwork are necessary to develop successful products. Furthemore, confident females who stand up for themselves are generally labeled as “bossy” rather than proactive by their peers. The day-to-day alienation women faced causes them to lose their confidence and believe they would fail in a technical career.

My thoughts about this article was that it was informative about the how the tech industry discriminate against women. Reading half way through the article I got the sense that what women are facing in the tech industry can also be said about other field of work, like the business field in general, engineering careers, and other field of work that men used to dominate. With the rise of college educated women, more and more women are heading to places that in the past prevented them from working there, as working there was seen as a man’s job. The three keys about this article that I got from it was the workplace culture, pay and promotion opportunities, and lack of female mentors in the tech industries.

Women have experienced a historic situation of inequality in the social as well as professional aspects. Women were normally the ones that would take care of children, do the chores in the house, and in rural areas; they would work in the field with the rest of the family. However, today’s women have become more self-sufficient and independent from the predominant male figure within every historical family. Gender inequality in the workplace is becoming less common; yet, gender is a factor that affects men and women. Especially women have been subjected to a historical discrimination that has influenced society to decide which job is more suitable for women than men. However women have confronted and tried to break down the barriers that