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Elliot W. Eisner: Arts-Based Research

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Elliot W. Eisner
Elliot W. Eisner (1933-2014) was the professor of art and education at Stanford University, USA. He first joined Stanford as an associate professor of education and art in 1965, then became a professor of education and art in 1970. He focused on fields of arts education, curriculum, aesthetic intelligence, learning and qualitative measurement (Donald, 2014). He served as president of several organizations, such as American Educational Research Association, the National Art Education Association, the International Society for Education through Art and John Dewey Society.
Description of theory
Purpose
Eisner, as a theorist, was more concentrated on educational evaluation. The ultimate purpose of evaluation in his mind is to improve the quality of educational life students lead (Eisner, 1976). To reach that objective, as Eisner said, “evaluators need to find the sophisticated, interpretive map to understand the meaning of what is known” (Eisner, 1994, p. 193).
General Approach
In order to carry out that purpose, he merged art perspective into evaluation and first brought up the original idea of arts-based research. What distinguishes arts-based research from other approaches is that it utilizes aesthetic qualities to demonstrate the situation and experience besides quantitative method (Donoghue, 2009). In the meantime, art can help to enhance the understanding of particular situation with various perspectives.
The basic roots of his approach are

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