Elliot W. Eisner
Elliot W. Eisner (1933-2014) was the professor of art and education at Stanford University, USA. He first joined Stanford as an associate professor of education and art in 1965, then became a professor of education and art in 1970. He focused on fields of arts education, curriculum, aesthetic intelligence, learning and qualitative measurement (Donald, 2014). He served as president of several organizations, such as American Educational Research Association, the National Art Education Association, the International Society for Education through Art and John Dewey Society.
Description of theory
Purpose
Eisner, as a theorist, was more concentrated on educational evaluation. The ultimate purpose of evaluation in his mind is to improve the quality of educational life students lead (Eisner, 1976). To reach that objective, as Eisner said, “evaluators need to find the sophisticated, interpretive map to understand the meaning of what is known” (Eisner, 1994, p. 193).
General Approach
In order to carry out that purpose, he merged art perspective into evaluation and first brought up the original idea of arts-based research. What distinguishes arts-based research from other approaches is that it utilizes aesthetic qualities to demonstrate the situation and experience besides quantitative method (Donoghue, 2009). In the meantime, art can help to enhance the understanding of particular situation with various perspectives.
The basic roots of his approach are
The article “Book Tackles Old Debate: Role of Art in Schools” by Robin Pogrebin explains the influence of art and the conclusion of two researchers, Ellen Winner and Lois Hetland. “Students who study the arts seriously are taught to see better, to envision, to persist, to be playful and learn from mistakes, to make critical judgements and justify such judgements,” conclude both researchers.
My analysis of how successful and how did this artwork affect the society and culture as its target
To begin with, education and engagement in fine art programs are an essential part within the school curriculum because subjects such as mathematics, science, and language arts all require cognitive and creative capacities which are enhanced with the process of learning art. For instance, in the article, Critical Evidence: How the Arts Benefits Student Achievement, it states that “researchers
When artists create a piece of work, they carefully analyze every aspect that they could possibly include and then carefully select which pieces they want to include in the final product. The amount of time and effort it takes to compose a piece they are satisfied cannot be overstated and it is the hope of these artists that their work is admired by others. When looking at art there can be some much going on that it seems overwhelming and each piece of art is subject to the perspective and values of each of the viewers. This is why art critics created three basic theories that can be used to effectively judge art. Each of these looks for specific aspects in a piece and uses that to determine the quality of work completed. Depending on the piece of work that is to be evaluated, one theory may be more fitting than the others to apply to the specific piece. Georgia O’Keefe’s painting Summer Days portrays a beautiful desert scene that has a very strong personal meaning for the painting, making using an expressive theory a successful method for analyzing how her own passions and views influenced the work. On the other hand, Jan van Eyck’s Madonna of Chancellor Rolin used groundbreaking oil techniques that defied the traditional works of his time, making a formal theory that focuses attention on the overall composition an ideal means to judge his piece.
Since the beginning of time, artists have labored extensively to find innovative ways to convey sentiment, passion, and feeling. Telling stories and trying to unlock the minds of people through different avenues of artistic labors. Art touches and affects people in unique ways; it can have special or unusual meaning on the person depending on how one views it. Artists’ rendering of their art is interpreted in numerous ways by others who view it unless it is explained by the artist on its meaning giving a clear example of what they are portraying. Two people looking at the same painting, sculpture, portrait, or photo may come to different views on the arts meaning even though they are looking
During my time as volunteer at Somerset Dade Academy, I was able to work closely with the elementary and middle school teacher. During each visit, I was able to follow Ms. Lee’s daily routine. In the morning, we had 30 minutes to plan and get her cart ready with supplies she needed for the day. Also, we would both create various model artworks to inspire her students to create something more original and imaginative. She wheeled her cart through certain elementary classes depending on her schedule. Depending on the grade level she was assign to that day, we were able to teach her students the fundamental concepts of arts and major art movements, all in 30 minutes. Every three weeks, she would focus on a concept, artist, or art movement. Additionally, she would assign vocabulary words, which her students would copy and also had access to them online on Quizlet. At the end, she would administer a summative test on everything they learned for the past three weeks. On the other hand, Ms. Lee’s middle school classes were different, more one-on-one, and it was a one-hour period. Her students were able to recreate impressionist and expressionist artworks, such as Monet’s Water Lilies, Van Gogh Starry Night and The Bedroom on wall-sized canvases.
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Form of "afterlife insurance" in order to trick the soul into staying alive in the event of the body's destruction
Many usually do not think insight can come from art, many sould realise that the experiences in the outside world with art can impact our lives with the best insight.
For the purpose of this research I am defining arts as a form of expressing ones
The Hudson River school represents the first native genre of distinctly American art. The school began to produce art works in the early 1820s; comprised of a group of loosely organized painters who took as their subject the unique naturalness of the undeveloped American continent, starting with the Hudson River region in New York, but eventually extending through space and time all the way to California and the 1870s. During the period, that the school’s artists were active (c. 1820-1870) the nation was in the process of undergoing momentous political, social, and economic change. The works that the Hudson River School painters comprised reflected the changes that were taking place across the
I selected the response by Laurie Hicks in Beyond Us Now: Speculations Towards a Post-Art Education and The Hijacking of Art Education by Michelle Kamhi. Hicks look at post art education in a philosophical view, “As I reflect on this notion of death of art education, it occurred to me that much depends on how one understands death and dying.” She speculates on what the post art education world might look like using her understanding and principles of the Dalai Lama reflections of living well and dying consciously. By using Dalai Lama’s viewpoint of living well, means valuing previous forms of art education and how they have contributed to society, individual and the profession. Hicks’ takes on a holistic view of post-art education by “valuing
The field I would like to work in when I am older is Illustration. I would like to write and illustrate my own children’s books. I found the perfect illustrator I would like to shadow while he is doing his job. He illustrates children’s Christian books. His name is Ed Koehler. Another person I would like to shadow is Beth Carter. Carter is a children’s book writer. They both are based in Missouri.
The history of art dates back to ancient times. Artwork can be, and was, found around the world. What makes art interesting is that it can be created in any way, shape or form with any materials. It seems that the artwork can also tell us a lot about the artist. Art seems to be simply, a direct, visual reflection of the artist’s life. Therefore, one can assume that an artist’s life experiences and beliefs directly influence their art. If we look at examples from different periods of art we will be able to see the connection between the artist and the art.