Embodied Carbon Footprint Analysis Project

Building information modeling is a coordinated set of processes which is supported by technology for digital representation of physical and functional characteristics of places. It is a process that relies on information rich models to help owners and Architectural/Engineering/Construction (AEC) service providers to more efficiently plan, design, construct and manage building and infrastructure projects. Building information modeling is now becoming more popular and transforming the global AEC industry. The usage of BIM now is on high rise because it provides greater

This essay aims to offer an outline of the main points and aspects of the scope and importance of Building Information Modelling in three key areas in construction projects:

Today’s Designers, Architects and Constructors have a duty of care to strive to produce energy efficient and energy saving buildings. Where possible the sustainability of resources / materials and techniques must be a primary concern in the decision making process.

In his paper, the author explains us how the technology advancement is taking place, how 2D modelling started initially, how it led to 3D modelling and now how building information modelling techniques are being linked to 3D modelling. BIM is not just about modelling, but it also includes project planning, design and construction. He clearly explains what BIM is in the form of a flow chart. Where he says that B in BIM stands for Residential, commercial, healthcare, institutional, sports and entertainment, I in BIM stands for Spatial, element, systems, quantities, schedule, operations and M in BIM stands for site, architectural, structural, MEP systems, sustainability and management. This all phases of the program are a continuous chain where programming, design, pre construction, construction, operations, and demolition are done. This research also supports that the concept of building information modelling is not only useful for the building’s geometric modelling, but also it can assist in the management of construction projects. In this research, the author has collected information from 35 construction projects that have already utilized BIM. The most common result that was observed was the cost reduction. For some people, BIM is a software application, where as for others, it is a process for designing and documenting

Decades ago, sustainable construction was not even a common term for construction processes and uses of construction materials are chosen on how it makes an impact on cost savings

The built environment as a whole is said to contribute about half the greenhouse gas emissions in the world (UNEF 2007). Specifically, considering the less studied area of construction emissions, research shows that this component accounts for as much as 11.7% of emissions inclusive of direct and indirect emissions (Acquaye & Duffy 2010). As such it has significant impact on the environment and represents a major opportunity to study potential reductions.

Use phase of the building is the largest stage that impacts environment during the life cycle, so require more attention in the field of energy saving of building. In the initial design stage of buildings, through LCA can help design decisions, such as the appropriate use of zero energy building techniques. To quantitatively assess the energy consumption and environmental impact among all above stages, LCA is undoubtedly the best choice that can full evaluate the impacts during extraction of raw materials, material creation, sale, maintenance, disposal or recycling, also global warming, air pollution, water pollution and other index. Thereby more effectively improving environmental performance is to achieve green building. LCA will provide

The year 1992 and the ‘Earth Summit ' in Rio de Janeiro marked a paradigm shift in the attitude of the governments of the world, as over 150 delegates attended and recognised the importance of ecological issues to the future of humanity. This was of great significance to the construction industry, as one of the greatest consumers, and producers, of our economic system.

Building Information Modeling “BIM”, is an intelligent, model based process for planning, designing, building and managing buildings and infrastructures. BIM is a very powerful way for designers and architects to lay out building plans and designs. BIM is not just single piece of software or model, but a system of information processing and collaboration, with data fixed within the model. BIM begins with a 3D digital model of the building or infrastructure that is being planned out. However, the model that BIM provides is much more than just a 3D model. BIM technology allows for the project managers, designers and architects to see virtual equivalents of all the buildings parts that are going to be used throughout the entire construction process of the building. BIM brings together all of the information about every element of a building, and stores all the data in one place. It allows anyone working on the project to access the data in order to integrate different aspects of the design more effectively. BIM reduces the risk of mistakes which in turn helps to stay on budget and enhance efficiency.

“ The U.S. green building market is accelerating at a dramatic rate, potentially tripling over the next five years.”

The greenhouse gases footprint produced from construction process (〖Eghg〗^c) and transportation (〖Eghg〗^t) process is calculated using the Equations 5 and 6.

An ecological footprint analysis is a method to calculate the existing requirements created by each of us in the world 's environmentally productive area through our forms of the consumption of food and additional goods and the distribution of built up ecologically decomposed terrain. Research allows us to use this ecological footprint analysis to record the existing food system’s pressures on the environment. Ecological Footprint descriptions record the land of biologically beneficial soil and water required to manufacture the resources exhausted by a certain population and to take up its waste (Collins & Flynn, 2015). The ecological footprint permits us to oversee a dominant risk to sustainability. An example of this could be the liquidation of the globe’s natural capital as we utilize further resources than the environment can regenerate and generate more excess than the environment can reprocess (Collins & Flynn, 2015). Examination exposes the prominent function performed by the food system within this liquidation and highlights how overwhelmingly a sustainable outlook depends on redesigning that routine.

When it comes to building assessment methods, this theme led to many and different forms of studies on the relationship between the project team integration and the sustainable construction. Comparing dominant construction strategies with sustainable construction, Lutzkendorf & Lorenz (2011) argue that, on one hand, sustainable construction requires greater disciplinary specialization and greater functional dependence between components. On the other hand, traditional construction, which in turn depends on greater integration between project team members (Robichaud & Anantatmula, 2011; Rohracher, 2001).

BIM (Building Information Modeling) is a 3D model-based process that gives architecture, engineering, and construction (AEC) professionals the insight and tools to more efficiently plan, design, construct, and manage buildings and infrastructure. According to AutoDesk, BIM is proving useful in providing continuous and immediate availability of project design scope, schedule, and cost information that is high quality, reliable, integrated, and fully co-ordinated. Graphisoft defines BIM as the use of 3D virtual models of buildings, as well as a process of managing and collecting building data. Both companies are the leading manufacturers of BIM software platforms. However, the best definition is one that is provided by the US National

One of the main solution is to decrease or maintain the same greenhouse gas (GHG) emission level for temperature control. Since nearly three-quarters of the GHG in New York City is emit from buildings , targeted project aim at renew existing low energy efficiency building and expand more new clean energy technology in both public and private housing. The new plan named “New City, Built to Last” should be activate to transform New York City’s Buildings for a Low-Carbon Future . With this affordable project, every citizen could enjoy the benefit of an advanced low-carbon city, improving the public health in long-term. Moreover, the new plan will generate large amount of addition job positions to better boost the economy.