Emotion Focused Coping

They state, “although the subjects born from unwanted pregnancies still manifested less favourable psychosocial adaptation at age 30 than the pair-matched controls, the differences had narrowed” (David 2006). The subjects of unwanted pregnancies had less favorable psychological adaptation, but the gap had narrowed since earlier waves. They also state, “more unwanted pregnancy women than control women were registered as unmarried or frequently divorced, or having difficulties in parenting or being unemployed” (David 2006). When comparing the women who were controls and unwanted pregnancy women, the unwanted pregnancy women had more divorces and were more often unmarried than the controls. Wave five looked at psychiatric treatment in adulthood. They state, “being born from an unwanted pregnancy was significantly related to psychiatric treatment in adulthood” (David 2006). When compared to the controls, unwanted pregnancy children experienced psychiatric treatment in adulthood more often than the

While Problem-focused coping is ineffective when an individual cannot exert control over a circumstance or stressor, or cannot make an adjustment to the stressor (Carver, 2011). An example of ineffective problem-focused coping is utilizing problem-solving to manage the stress of the death of a family member. Although problem-solving may assist the individual in finding an effective coping strategy, problem solving is not the most effective coping strategy since the stressor (the death of a loved one) cannot be adjusted or modified.

In the United States, it is estimated that infertility affects 7.4% to 15% of men and women of reproductive age (Lewis, Liu, Stuart, & Ryan, 2013). Infertility is defined as “failure to conceive after at least 1 year of attempting to achieve a pregnancy with unprotected intercourse.” (Lewis et al., 2013). These issues have been increasing in industrialized countries over the past half century, and couples facing these concerns often undergo assisted reproductive technologies (ART) such as in vitro fertilization (IVF) and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). These processes are designed to allow couples to have healthy babies who are usually born at full term. Approximately 30% result in the pregnancy of multiples, most often twins (Ottosen et al., 2009). However, there is definitive evidence showing that women undergoing assisted reproductive technologies often experience feelings of depression and anxiety. These feelings can stem from multiple sources, including the social construction of gender and motherhood, the power relationship between a woman and her partner, or other significant aspects of her social position such as socioeconomic status. Understanding these issues can change the current process of assisted reproductive technology and help give agency to women who might want to undergo fertility treatments.

Some tried to explain infertility as a path they did not choose but still had to travel, and some said the infertility changed their identity. The participants all took negative experiences and tried to illustrate them with words like, battle and illness. The third need for psychological well-being is relatedness. Participants all felt a lack of belonging because of infertility and saw it as a dance or a club they were not welcome in. This study focuses on communication, or lack of communication, of people experiencing infertility. The study extends our previous knowledge on the topic by allowing us to comprehend the reasons individuals may be experiencing psychological distress during infertility. It enables individuals to identify the aspects of life they can control, the freedoms they have in relation to their identity and choices, and relationships they can develop. By identifying these three things people can better communicate messages to help them cope with infertility. To perform this study, individuals were randomly assigned to one of four different environments to play the same game (in this case it was a bowling game) either against the computer or against another person. The average age of the participants

Coping skills. The invocation of coping skills to deal with the stressors is effective in the soldiers, which allows them to not be negatively impacted by traumatic stress (de Visser et al., 2016). It is considered normal to experience stress, and people should learn to utilize it effectively (de Visser et al., 2016). In firefighters, the coping skills associated with perceived social support has positive effect on them whereas coping skills developed based on self-guilt has negative affect in making them resilient to traumatic situations (Meyer et al, 2012).

In the qualitative article by Dykes, Slade, and Haywood, the phenomenon of interest is clearly identified as long-term implications of termination of pregnancy (TOP) and is promptly introduced in the abstract. The authors state that TOP is a common procedure in the United Kingdom (UK) and implies importance to the nursing profession due to the prevalence of this procedure as well as confusion demonstrated by recognized health care organizations on how TOPs affect women. Based on psychological impacts discussed, this topic is important in order for nurses to understand the vulnerability of women to negative TOP-associated thoughts and to improve lifelong accessibility to post-TOP counselling. The twofold aim of the study is presented as exploration of the long-term experiences of perimenopausal women who had a TOP and their perceptions of connections or lack thereof between TOP and menopausal experiences.

Brennan, the problem-focused strategy has also helped me plan out my weekly schedule, which has helped with a lot of my stress. Stress gets the best of people, and I believe to much stress will bring some people to there breaking point. Also, emotional-focused coping skills have a very strange way of helping us cope with certain situations. Us as humans, we try to deny and avoid hurting individuals and ourself with hurtful circumstances. So, these coping skills are rather important in difficult times.

The function of stress on a mother during pregnancy leaves both the mother and unborn child in danger. Most women believe once the elimination process of alcohol and cigarettes is carried out, the road to baby development is underway to ensure the birth of a healthy new born baby. Thus, most women have not been warned or educated on the existence of maternal stress, and the impact stress can cause to the unborn child. Stress can be caused by an unforeseen situation that an individual has no control of, causing the individual to become overexerted by lack of immediate resolution. For example, financial difficulties, relationship failures, and/or drastic life events such as deaths, can arouse uncontrollable

Using Experience to Support Others explores how the couples utilize empathy for other couples, who are experiencing infertility, as a coping mechanism. They feel a need to take care of their own.

It goes without saying that a counselor treating clients for infertility should be empathetic, understanding, genuine, and non-judgmental among other traits. Initially, after drawing out the client’s story and assessing their needs for therapy one beginning of treatment can be to provide psychoeducation from a biological, medical, and psychological perspective (Joy & McCrystal, 2015). This ensures a firm foundation for both the client and therapist to develop a healthy treatment plan from which to explore all available options, alternatives, and possible outcomes that are presented. A few examples are in vitro fertilization, surrogacy, adoption, and even acceptance that rearing children

In many conditions the mother faces depression when told she is pregnant which can lead to abortion. During a study performed by the Journal of Reproductive and Infant Psychology, it was found that “40–45% of women experience high levels of anxiety between the diagnosis of pregnancy” (263). In addition to feeling anxiety when they are pronounced pregnant, many continue to have emotional distress. Canário, Figueiredo and Ricou found “20% of women are reported to experience high levels of depression” during the pregnancy or after the pregnancy has been terminated (263). Depression and anxiety have many consequences for the body of an expectant mother and the potential child. This depression can last for longer than a few months after the mother

When a woman is diagnosed as infertile, there is a potential increase in stress for the woman, due to perceived social, emotional, and psychological distress (The Woman’s Health Council, 2009). Domar et al. (2012) indicated that this perceived distress is compounded by the advance infertility treatment, which, according to Zuraida (2010), is sought out by the 75% of individuals who have been diagnosed as infertile. Although both the number of medically diagnosed infertile woman and the number of evasive infertility treatment in the United States have significantly increased, the long-term psychological effects of the diagnosis and treatment are not fully understood (Ahuja, 2009; CDC, 2015; Schwerdtfeger & Shreffier, 2009). In 2010, Zuraida stated, “Over 100 quantitative studies and 26 qualitative studies had been published on the topic of the relationship between

Then, the infertile women self-completed the questionnaire. Investigators were available if additional information about the questions was requested. Inclusion criteria were : history of >12 months of infertility, capable of reading and writing, availability of the husband, no history of sterility, no remarrying of couples, no foster child. Exclusion criteria were psychiatric problems, experiencing a stressful event in the past three months (death or serious illness in the family, a major change in living conditions), currently using psychotropic and antidepressant medications, not sexually active in the preceding 4 weeks. Statistical analyses were performed using Independent sample t test, one way ANOVA, post-hoc test, linear and logistic

Each gathering was inquired as to whether premature birth or fetal conveyance added to their current psychological well-being status. Autonomous factors incorporated the members ' pregnancy result (fetus removal versus conveyance) and building up if fetus removal/fetal conveyance added to current psychological wellness yes/no answer. The needy factors incorporate current mental pain side effects as measured by the nine essential manifestation measurements. The information were investigated utilizing a two-way blended outline Manova. Prove demonstrated that mental side effects were not subject to respondents ' view of regardless of whether current emotional wellness was influenced by pregnancy result. This review does not bolster open approaches or practice in light of the conviction that premature birth sincerely hurts ladies. Additionally research ought to pack in techniques to forestall undesirable pregnancy with a specific end goal to diminish the requirement for fetus removal (Bologna, 2013).

Emotion regulation is particularly important when faced with a high stress situation, such as problems at work or an emotionally charged argument. One study found that mothers who were placed in high stress environments could break the cycle of negative emotions related with stress by forcing themselves to reappraise the situation and view it in a better light (Deater-Deckard, Li, & Bell, 2015). Additionally, another study found that learning proper reappraisal strategies is important because stress hormones impair cognitive functioning and flexibility, and most individuals will resort to using