Introduction
Emotional labour is the act of expressing organizationally required emotions during interactions with others at work (Buchanan & Huczynski, 2010). Emotions are not simply for pleasure of people involved but they have an exchange value which is linked to profit. It also requires coordination of mind and feeling. The emotional style of offering a service has not only become part of the service itself (Hochschild, 2003), but increasingly is now often more important than the service itself. Cases such as the JetBlue’s flight attendant parachute out of the plane when the passengers did not listen to him (Hochschild, 1983) shows that the flight attendant is not an emotional labour as he could not manage his emotions well while
…show more content…
Culture can be use to shape individual or group behaviour as it is shared among the members in the organisation (Olusoji et al. 2012). For example, companies set the culture of smiling while working may indirectly became a habit to the employees after doing it repetitively.
Important of Emotional Labor Emotional labors are very important to one organization because it allowed the manager to understand that one jobs require various skills. According to Karen (2012), she said that if one person knows how to handle their emotion then it might help diffuse their anger when facing a bad situation. Therefore, Andrew (2010) noted that we paid the employee so they have the right to do what its best for the company. Besides, he even use Starbucks career pages as example whereby “We 're dedicated to serving ethically sourced coffee, caring for the environment and giving back to the communities where we do business”.
Paradigm
Burrell and Morgan (1979) four paradigms can also be used to analyse about the behaviour of the employees and this may be a way management can use to understand the employees and make them the emotional labour. First is the functionalist paradigm. It is about the rational human action and believes one can understand behaviour through hypothesis testing (Greggor, 2012). Companies can give a small quiz to the applicants that wanted to join the company in order to test whether they are emotional labour or not.
In interpretive
Separately recognizing, understand, and managing emotions can be simple, nevertheless remaining able to recognize, understand and manage emotions is quite complex and oftentimes rare. If a customer comes to a business in the past and has an excellent experience, then they will form a strong relationship with the company, and recommend the company to other people. To illustrate, when my sister worked at Chick-fil-la her first two weeks of job training focused on how to be EI to customers. By having this extensive training Chick-fil-la is known for its customer service as a result of emotionally intelligent employees, and constant returning customers. The fact that all Chick-fil-a’s employees are trained to be emotionally intelligent, it
I. Regardless of the situation you have to be willing to face any hard situation given by life. Sometimes we have situations when is time to laugh, sadness and sometimes Anger.
In The Managed Heart Hochschild focuses on emotional labour: managing one 's emotions in the work place because it is one 's job to do so. While she touches on some benefits of emotion management, her book focuses on the dangers of losing one 's true self when one 's employer can control how one feels. Her main subjects are bill collectors and flight attendants, both are expected to have extreme (and opposite) emotions on the job.
The workers at the deli chain Pret A Manger is used as a prime example of this by Timothy Noah in his article “Labor of Love.” Noah’s article builds primarily off the work of Arlie Hochschild, who defined “emotional labor,” which is is when employees must "induce or suppress” emotions in order to make the customer "experience a positive feeling" (1-2). According to Noah, Pret’s employees are extreme examples of “emotional laborers,” as they must follow set “Pret Behaviors” at all times. These rules of behavior make positivity and smiling mandatory, and subsequently all Pret workers must not only serve customers food, but also cater to their emotions (2-3). If employees fail to uphold their happy facade they face repercussions, often in the form of withheld bonuses (3). Noah states the stress to perform to these standards at all times makes the employees into “enthusiasm cops,” watching and enforcing these emotional behaviors onto one another, and as Noah puts it, “further constricting any space for a reserved and private self” (3). It is in this way that Pret manipulates its own workers into doing extra work (emotional labor and the enforcement of it) without extra
In “Exploring the Managed Heart” by Arlie Russel Hochschild and “All the Happy Workers” by William Davies, the authors agree that the emotions of employees are influenced by corporations in order to increase profit, but while Davies suggests workers can resist this phenomenon, Hochschild argues that employees will be affected, even in their private lives. Hochschild uses the term “transmutation,” which is the blending of a worker’s private and public life, to show how corporation’s requirements for “emotional labor” affect the employee’s personal lives (15). To support how corporations are effecting workers personal lives, Hochschild states “transmutation of an emotional system to convey that what we do privately often, unconsciously, to feelings...
Although originally written in 1983, The Managed Heart is still an up to date look at an interesting concept: combining emotional feelings with the work one does. At first glance, the notion that emotions may have an impact on one’s work environment seems almost a non-issue. However, Hochschild is not saying that; rather, Hochschild looks at the effect of emotions in the workplace, but also the interaction of those emotions with the work itself. The author’s interest in this topic began at an early age, 12, when she recounts an event in her life: her parents, part of the U.S. Foreign Service, entertained diplomats. Hochschild describes the question that came to her mind as she looked up into the smiling face of a
One of the catchiest phrases used is ‘service with a smile’ which is popular in the dominion of the corporate world, particularly service industry. Smile commonly entails the genuine feeling of happiness, joy and delight in an individual. Nevertheless, employers have now sunk its teeth into using emotions as a means to manipulate employees for personal gains such as profit maximization and increase of productivity. Emotions however has a deeper meaning to it, reflecting in the individual’s expression as quoted by John Lennon “One thing you can’t hide is when you’re crippled inside” in his song Crippled. Employers have manipulated its way through by laying down a story line for employees, perfecting their performance on stage for their “audience”
In a global world, post-industrial economies are required to focus on the workforce’s emotional labour, particularly in service and blue collar areas due to the emotional impact that certain situations and work-place interactions require of the employee. In Australia Emotional labour is a key issue in Human Resources and People management and is a focus of Industrial relations due to the significance of these interactions on the wider community. Emotional labour is a human emotive process produced at a personal level which involves the sacrifice of one’s personal emotions in order to provide the face of the company and to present a certain disposition that promotes a feeling of well-being on another. In 1979 Airlie Hochschild provided the first definition of emotional labour ‘the management of feeling to create a publicly observable facial and bodily display” (Hochschild, 1979). Since Hochschild’s definition, thirty seven years have passed and the argument as to whether emotional labour is beneficial or detrimental to the workplace has led to dramatic developments of HR practices since the shift of a post-industrial economy in advanced countries like Australia.
Culture within an organisation is a system of shared values, beliefs and norms of individuals in the organisation and how the value consensus creates a way in which people behave. The shared values have a strong influence on the individuals in the organisation and dictates how a person acts, dresses and performs in their job. A unique culture is developed and maintained by an organisation which provides guidelines and boundaries, through informal means, for the behaviour of the people within the organisation.
During my time at the soup kitchen, I had to utilize emotion management when dealing with people and situations in which it would have been inappropriate for me to react in the way that I would otherwise have wanted to. Emotion management is the act of obeying “feeling rules” and responding appropriately to situations (Brym and Lie 2012:77). For example, when a homeless man came into the soup kitchen and started to dance and shout instead of calmly sitting down and eating his meal, I courteously asked him to sit down and to try not to disturb the other guests of the establishment. Regardless of any initial emotions of fear, annoyance, or confusion, I had to respond appropriately to the situation by controlling my emotions and engaging in acceptable behavior. I especially had to utilize emotion labor, which is distinguished
“Emotional intelligence is the ability to understand and manage our emotions and those around us, therefore, this quality gives individuals a variety of skills, such as the ability to manage relationships, navigate social networks, influence and inspire others. Every individual possesses different level, but in order for individuals to become effective leaders, they will need a high level of emotional intelligence. In today’s workplace, it has become a highly important
While labor can and is often seen as work that is done physically, it is also seen as an act which necessitates using mind and soul. Depending on the area in which an individual works, it can lean towards using all three – body, mind, and soul – to be successful. It is at this point that Emotional Labor (Hochschild, 1983) begins to take its place in the work environment. Emotional Labor is using self to perform work where an employee creates a pleasant atmosphere by giving good customer service. The ability to use self as a means to perform better on the job may have larger implications than we know of. This paper will look at different ideas which contribute to Emotional Labor as a workplace construct and the effects it has on the
In contrast with the past workplace challenges and organizational behavior, there is a necessity to understand ourselves and others. Sometimes the stress and prestige can cause an adverse impact on one’s position in the workplace. The ability to deal with our emotions while working effectually with others and at the same time, performing the organization’s expectations are in high demand. Since the employees are an asset, and the organization is expecting a return on their investment, understanding how emotions work and how it impacts one’s capacity is indispensable in accomplishing organizational goals. In the workplace, people often have to work with each other. So the handling of relationships and interacting with others becomes the key to the success of the organization. Managers need to have a combination of skills and abilities such as the strength of will, awareness of self, empathy for others and sensitivity toward others internally and externally. Before one can handle others emotions he/she must first learn to lead themselves. So the question become, how is this done? Coleman’s theory suggest that this can be done through emotional intelligence which is the ability to create, build and maintain viable relationships (Coleman, 1998, p. 14). No one wants to follow the leadership of a person who cannot manage his/her emotions. Let’s look together at three business CEO’s personal backgrounds and use of emotional intelligence. The top chief emotions officers in the U.S.
In our everyday lives, we are constantly interacting with other individuals. These interactions have an effect on our emotions. We have to learn how to identify and deal with these emotions because they have a direct effect on how we deal with issues at work. Individuals can work their way through this process by becoming aware of the importance of emotional intelligence.
This paper is aimed at evaluating my own emotional intelligence while subsequent parts of the paper will discuss how this emotional intelligence affects other aspects of human life like business, religion and politics. In this part of the paper, I will reflect on and demonstrate the skills and the knowledge needed to enable one to accurately see and understand the emotional strengths, weaknesses and nuances of other workers at the workplace.