Encephalitis -

Encephalitis is a neurological disorder that results in the inflammation of the brain and sometimes the meninges. It is usually due to a viral infection. Most often arboviruses cause encephalitis, by transference via mosquitos to humans and animals. When bitten by an infected mosquito the virus moves from the mosquito into the person’s blood, it then reaches the brain and spinal cord, it multiplies within the central nervous system thus inflaming and damaging nerve cells, this interferes with signals from the brain to the rest of the body. The herpes simplex virus type one can commonly cause encephalitis. HIV has also been noted as an increasing cause of encephalitis. Viral infections like: mumps, chicken pox and measles can also cause encephalitis, but rarely.

People suffer from many different mental diseases that lead to death. One of these diseases is CTE. This disease is found most commonly in athletes, military veterans, and others with the history of repetitive brain trauma. These athletes are mostly football players who suffer from repetitive brain injury from head on collisions. CTE stands for Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy which is a progressive degenerative disease of the brain found in people with a history of repetitive brain trauma. Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy or CTE is a very consequential condition that should be taken seriously to help prevent health disorders in the future.

According to the CDC (2015), the Japanese encephalitis virus is a flavivirus just like the yellow fever and West Nile virus. Flaviviruses are mostly transmitted through bug bites, such as an infected mosquito.

Edgar Allen Poe died at only 40 years old but of what? Poe suffered from hallucinations, confusion, and hydrophobia. All three are signs of rabies. I believe that Poe died from rabies because, there is more evidence of rabies than there is of alcoholism.

This infection accounts for many of the cases of convulsions associated with fever in infancy (febrile seizures).

Chronic encephalopathy (CTE) is a form of a neurodegenerative disease that results from recurrent concussions or mTBIs. As a result, the long-term prognosis of such injury can often lead to an early onset or impairment in overall cognitive functioning, as well as an increase or development of psychological or psychiatric disorders. Some of the more common symptoms associated with CTE generally include difficulty with collective and recollective memory, a decline in cognition, increased or sudden depression, suicidal thoughts and/or behaviors, minimal to no impulse control, parkinsonism, depression, and new onset of violent or aggressive disposition (Edwards & Bodle, 2014). Historically, however, the condition now known as CTE was originally referred to as “punch

disease and Alzheimer’s. Severe infection that has spread to the brain, epilepsy, stroke, and the late

Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis is an immune-mediated inflammatory demyelinating condition that affects the white matter of the brain and spinal cord. ADEM also attacks the nerves of the central nervous system and damages their myelin insulation, which destroys the white matter. It is often triggered after the patient has received a viral infection or sometimes exceedingly rarely specific non-routine vaccinations. It affects children more than adults but can affect anyone. More than half of patients have an illness usually an infection two to four weeks before developing ADEM. Most of these illnesses are viral or bacterial, often no more than an upper respiratory tract infection. In children with ADEM, prolonged and severe headaches occur. In addition, the patient develops fevers during the ADEM course.

Dementia is one example of a neurological disorder. Jeffrey L. Cummings, and Michael R. Trimble (1995), explain that, “Dementia is a clinical syndrome characterized by an acquired persistent impairment in at least three of the following domains of function: language, memory, visuospatial skills, executive abilities, and emotion” (p.136). Patricia Lacks states in, Screening for Brain Dysfunction (1999), that Bondi, Salmon, and Kaszniak (1996, p.167) revealed that, “Recent research on dementia caused by Alzheimer’s disease suggests that the ‘hippocampus and entorhinal cortex are involved in the earliest stage of the disease and that frontal, temporal, and parietal association cortices become increasingly involved as the disease progresses”

Clinical syndromes are never pathognomonic for a paraneoplastic aetiology and a high index of clinical suspicion is important. Symptoms can be atypical, psychiatric or even fluctuating and PNS should often be in the differential diagnosis of otherwise unexplained severe neurological syndromes. Radiologic findings are especially important to rule out other possible causes; in case of PNS they often render aspecific findings. As an exception, CT and MRI reveal temporal lobe abnormalities in 65-80% of patients with limbic encephalitis (LE)(Dalmau and Rosenfeld 2008) and often some degree of cerebellar atrophy is seen in the chronic stage of predominantly cerebellar syndromes. In patients suffering from paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration (PCD),

belonging to the genus Alphavirus and family Togaviridae. The majority of infected individuals experience sudden onset of fever, chills, headache, and decreased consciousness for several days1. EEEV infection progresses rapidly to neurological disease with symptoms such as seizures, paralysis or coma becoming visible 4-10 days after infection. Approximately 30-80% of people infected with EEEV die, and the majority of those who recover are left with mild to extensive long-term neurological damage1. There are currently no licensed vaccines or treatments available for EEEV. Existing vaccines are limited to US military forces and laboratory researchers

There are many similarities between encephalitis and meningitis. First, both encephalitis and meningitis cause inflammation of the brain. Encephalitis affects the nervous system and meningitis does too. Second, encephalitis and meningitis have the same general symptoms. For example, the symptoms of encephalitis and meningitis are high fever, headache, and decreasing in concentration. Like encephalitis, meningitis is caused by a viral infection. People who are at risk of getting encephalitis have weakened immune systems, just like people who are at risk of getting meningitis do. The treatment of encephalitis the same as meningitis. It depends on the bacteria that causes them, but in general, they

Infrequent findings attributed to monkeypox were necrotizing conjunctivitis and thyroiditis. We detected antigen within conjunctival epithelial cells and fibroblasts. Because of the limited extent of the thyroid lesion, insufficient material was available for IHC.

Meningitis is an inflammation of the meninges, membranes that surround the brain. This can extend as far as infecting the cerebral spinal fluid on top of causing the tissue to swell. Meningitis comes in two major forms; bacterially and virally. However, having bacterial meningitis is much more severe than viral meningitis. There is a lot more danger in having a bacterial infection within the brain than a viral infection within the brain. What makes bacterial meningitis so lethal is that “even when the disease is diagnosed early and adequate treatment is started, 5% to 10% of patients die, typically within 24 to 48 hours after the onset of symptoms. Left untreated, up to 50% of cases may die, (6) or there

Encephalitis is a condition caused by viruses which cause the brain to become inflamed. There are two types of encephalitis one is called primary because the viruses affect the brain itself. Secondary is the viruses travel from some other part of the body that has been affect to the brain. When the virus reaches the brain it begins to multiply causing inflammation. The brain’s white matter can be destroyed. This destruction causes cell death, hemorrhage and edema. The edema begins to compress the blood vessels this causes intracranial pressure (Mayo Clinic, 2011).