Endocrine Systems : Hormones And The Endocrine System

The characteristics of the endocrine system that makes its reactions different from those of the nervous system is that: the endocrine system is slower at communicating than the nervous system, the endocrine system hormones only reacts to cells with distinctive receptors for that hormone, and the endocrine system hormones practically reaches all cells in the body.

The endocrine system includes of specific tissues and glands which secrete chemical messengers to the body called hormones. The glands are aided by the nervous system and chemical receptors in the blood and other hormones produced by other glands. Hormones regulate many functions of the body such as cellular metabolism, reproduction, sugar and mineral homeostasis and digestion.

Homeostasis is the ability to maintain a constant internal environment in response to environmental changes. The nervous and endocrine systems control homeostasis in the body through feedback mechanisms involving various organs and organ systems.

*Endocrine glands produce – hormones, they work with other hormones to perform many functions including: control water & electrolyte balance, regulating carbohydrate metabolism, working as neurotransmitters, maintaining stress & inflammation, regulate reproductive functions

Homeostasis imbalance can result from three main influences; internal influences, external influences and exposure to environmental toxins. The homeostatic system responds to environmental fluctuations to maintain internal equilibrium and balance (homeostasis). For example, if the environmental temperature drops or increases dramatically the homeostatic system will respond to return the body to the optimum temperature (set point) of 37 degrees Celsius. The body uses a negative feedback system regarding temperature to maintain homeostasis, this is called thermoregulation. If the body temperature starts to drop towards becoming hypothermic body will react to return the body to homeostasis. First, the temperature receptors in the skin detect the

A hormone is a type of chemical messenger that allows communication between cells. Hormones are concealed by the glands of the endocrine system and they help to maintain homeostasis and to regulate reproduction and development. Glands of the endocrine system secrete hormones right into the extracellular environment. The hormones then diffuse to the bloodstream by capillaries and are transported to the target cells. Hormones are molecules that generally apply effects at sites other than that from which they were produced and secreted.

In the human body the internal temperature is maintained at 37 degrees Celsius and this is maintained as a result of homeostasis. Homeostasis is the process of balancing or keeping a stable internal environment in the body. A majority of organ systems in the body contribute to homeostasis, however there are two very important organ systems that play a massive role within this process, and they are the endocrine and nervous system. Both are crucial as they permit communication in the body and the integration of cells as well as tissue functions.

Homeostasis is any way that the body tries to make it stay normal. If it works you live if not you die. When humans get hot we sweat, that is the body trying to remain the same temperature. When humans get cold we shiver, to warm ourselves

The uterus of the rat that received injections of estrogen was found to weigh more than that of the rat that received injections of saline.

The endocrine system is a group of glands distributed throughout the human body. This group of glands secretes substances called hormones. These hormones are dumping into the bloodstream (Shier, Butler & Lewis, 2009). The endocrine system does not have a single anatomic location. It is dispersed throughout the human body. The final purpose of this process is to control, regulate, and coordinate the functioning of the human body. Some body functions can be activated or inhibited by hormones, which are secreted in very small quantities. The hormone related diseases may be due to hyper secretion, or a hypo secretion. The hormones secreted by the endocrine glands regulate growth, development and function of many tissues, and coordinate the

Figure 2: The figure below illustrates how the interior structure of the pituitary gland and hypothalamus facilitate for hormone secretion. The pituitary gland consists of the posterior and anterior lobe. It is lined with

Normal Body Temperature – For chemical reactions to continue at life-sustained rates, normal body temperature must be maintained.

Your endocrine system incorporates eight main organs all through your body. These organs make hormones, which are chemical messengers that go through your circulatory system to tissues or organs. Hormones work gradually and influence body forms from head to toe. Here in this post, you’ll get the whole information of common disease. These include:

Within field studies, the best way to understand the workings of the endocrine system usually involves injecting a specimen with a hormone or removing the gonads of the specimen to observe changes in hormone concentrations (Mazur, Booth, & Dabbs, 1992). However with human subjects this kind of procedure proves to be rather unethical, and therefore researchers have found that the best way to observe a particular hormone, such as testosterone, is to observe what occurs when an individual is subjected to competition (Mazur et al., 1992). It has been observed that as an individual, male or female, participates in a competitive event, their testosterone levels are subject to rise (Booth, Shelley, Mazur, Tharp, & Kittok, 1989). This notion is further supported through the observation of rising testosterone levels in those individuals who win their event. In fact it has been suggested that an individual’s testosterone level increases in order to maintain an aura of dominance, and thus the act of winning a competition increases the level of testosterone in order to maintain that dominance and level of competitiveness over the game (Booth et al., 1989). While testosterone levels increase with victory, defeat often inspires the decrease of testosterone levels as well as feelings of competitiveness (Booth et al., 1989). This phenomenon is not limited to just those individuals competing in an event; in fact it has also been observed that even those watching a particular

Temperature varies throughout the day which is controlled by the hypothalamus, however the balance of heat produced and heat lost maintains a constant body temperature. Above in diagram 1, the flow of how Thermoregulation works to make changes in temperature for the body is shown. In human being body temperature is controlled by the thermoregulatory center in the hypothalamus. The hypothalamus activates one of several mechanisms to either increase or decrease your temperature. (Biology Reference, 2014) When the body needs to cool down the hypothalamus tells the body to sweat, which cools your skin as the sweat evaporates. Another method of cooling is vasodilation, Figure 2, the hypothalamus sends the message to central nervous system to enlarge the capillaries which increases blood flow at the skins surface. This lets the body release heat via radiation. (Healthline.com, 2014)In the case that the body wants to warm back up the nervous system lowers sweat production to help maintain heat generated by the body and the central nervous system signals the capillaries to constrict so that blood flow is decreased and heat loss is reduces. Another form of warming up is shivering, the contracting and relaxing of muscles rapidly so that heat can be attained from cell respiration. (Biology Mad, 2014)