Energy Systems P7

Task 2 – Describe (P3) or explain (M1) the concept of energy intake and expenditure in sports performance.

1.The 100m sprint is an anaerobic exercise of maximal intensity for a sub 10 seconds duration with energy coming predominately from the Phosphagen energy system with the glycolytic energy system also contributing. Energy is stored in the chemical bonds of Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) that is stored in skeletal muscles and is used to power muscular activity (4).

Brooks GA, Fahey TD, Baldwin KM (2005). Exercise Physiology: Human Bioenergetics and Its Application. 4th Edition

i) identify the components of fitness required to play these sports effectively (minimum of three)

Badminton requires a high level of energy to quickly move around the court, deliver effective shots and sustain a match. Knowing how this energy is generated is crucial.All other things being equal, the player with more stamina will most likely win a match in baminton. This is because while good stroke skills, effective shot placements and fast footwork are important characteristics in a good player, fitness is necessary in executing and sustaining these movements for the duration of a match. As a player's energy is depleted, his or her ability to perform also goes down.

There are three main energy systems used in a game of touch football which consist of the creatine phosphate (ATP PC) system, lactic acid system and the aerobic system. Each system plays a vital role during game play. Every muscle in your body requires energy to perform all movements, and to do this, the energy is produced by the breakdown of a molecule called adenosine triphosphate (ATP). ATP is found in all cells which is a chemical form of muscular activity and performs mostly all functions in the human body. It contains 3 phosphate groups and adenosine. ATP is stored in the muscles and lasts for approximately 10-30 seconds. Carbohydrates, fats and proteins, are all producers of ATP from the food we eat; however Creatine Phosphate is

D1 outline the relationships between the cardiovascular, respiratory and energy systems before, during and after a sporting activity

In this task I will be examining how the different body systems use energy and why the body needs energy. I will also be analysing cellular respiration which is the process in which energy is made, along with the by-products and anabolism and catabolism. Later on in this task I will be analysing how ATP is used in muscle action, protein production and how we as mammals use the energy released as heat.

P4- Explain the physiology of two named body systems in relation to energy metabolism in the body.

This report will discuss the work of the energy interplay system in relation to a subject’s result in the 20 metre beep test . Energy system interplay refers to the work done by the three energy systems (ATP-PC, Anaerobic and Aerobic) to provide the body with the necessary amount of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to complete certain physical activities depending on their intensity and duration.

Your body requires energy in order to be able to perform tasks. Energy comes in many different forms. They are chemical, light, sound, heat and mechanical. You can get energy from different food substances i.e. glucose, fatty acids, sugars and amino acids. To be able to get the energy from these food substances energy needs to be released with oxygen. This is known as aerobic respiration. The role that energy plays in our body is the process of moving molecules in and out of our cells while breaking down the larger molecules and building new molecules. The cardiovascular system transports oxygenated blood around the body and to the cells. It will then collect the deoxygenated blood which is ready for the excretion from the cells. The cardiovascular system will deliver the nutrients oxygen and glucose via the blood stream. Oxygen is need for aerobic respiration to occur. The cardiovascular system will pump oxygen and nutrients carrying blood throughout the body. The glucose molecules that are carried by the blood are transported into the cells. Along with the oxygen that is diffused into the cells they are used in respiration to produce ATP. The respiratory system is responsible for bringing in oxygen as well as using it to burn the nutrients that we need for energy. The respiratory system contains alveoli which allow the diffusion of oxygen into the blood stream

4. Rowing full speed is putting maximum demands on Jim's muscles. What metabolic process is providing most of the energy for Jim’s muscles at this point and why do Jim's muscles feel like they are burning? (5 points)

P4: Explain the physiology of two named body systems in relation to energy metabolism in the body

In this assignment I will be reviewing the different effects of exercise on the body system including the acute and long term using the pre-exercise, exercise and post-exercise physiological data which I collected based on interval and continuous training method. I will also be including the advantages and disadvantages of these, also the participants’ strengths and areas where they can improve on.

However, if intense physical demands such as cycling, swimming or running are placed on the body, the systems respond by producing much higher levels of ATP to ensure that our immediate energy needs are met. When doing these exercises ATP then becomes ADP, as there is a loss in the phosphate molecules. The body has two main energy systems, the aerobic energy system which utilises fats, carbohydrate and sometimes proteins for re-synthesising ATP for energy use.