Entheogenic Mushrooms Essay

Second women in medicine until the 19th century women were excluded from almost all professional medicine. Yet they provided almost all medical care. Ordinary people could not afford qualified doctors, treatment and care were provided by the woman of the house, or by a local woman skilled in the art of healing. In prehistoric, hunter-gatherer societies, women could not hunt if they were bearing or caring for children, so they collected plants and grubs. It is probable that the women had greater knowledge of the healing powers of herbs, although evidence is slight. Mothers passed down their knowledge to their daughters. In Western Europe, especially skilled healers were highly respected as ‘cunning’ wise women. Sometimes their herbal knowledge was confused with witchcraft. As most people were illiterate, there are very few records of women 's huge contribution to medicine. The surviving records were written by men, and concentrate on the all-male medical profession. In the 19th century there was a dramatic change in the status of women. Until this time, men controlled all ‘civilized’ societies. In Christian countries men used arguments from the Bible to justify women 's inferior status. Women were expected to be housewives and mothers, and were deliberately excluded from almost all other types of work. For example, by the 17th century, even professional midwives were male. In 19th-century Europe, women began to enter the male-dominated world. In

Side Effects of the Drug Psilocybin There have been many experiments and personal testimonies documenting the side effect behavior changes and effects reported by users of the drug Psilocybin from ancient history until more modern times. For instance, the Aztecs believed that they were capable of moving back and forth between the earthly and supernatural realms (Schwartz 1988). This travel between realms was often associated with hallucinatory trances guided by their god for the entheogens-the Prince of Flowers. The Aztecs called this ritual "the flowery dream;" this was induced by sacred mushrooms (Erowid). The trend towards experimenting with Psilocybin to determine its effects on the body started in the

Taboo subjects like masturbation and orgasms are topics that Alfred Kinsey dedicated his study too. Kinsey’s research produced astonishing results that shocked America to its core, thus forever changing the general beliefs surrounding sexual behavior. Alfred Kinsey controversial sex study caused the breakdown of morality in America by presenting bias beliefs, corrupting public norms, and negatively influencing the culture.

Women were considered the majority of “healers,” or doctors, in Europe during the Middle Ages. It was said that these women who practiced medicine had the power over life and death and that was a power that belong to God and only God. In order to combat this, they turned to the universities for help, which in turn banned women from practicing medicine and only allowed their male counterparts to study medicine. What is interesting about this is that women were also expected to provide cures for most illnesses. Oftentimes, these women would use natural herbs to create their medicines, but once the fear of witchcraft began to increase, women who were known to possess or have experience with these herbs were immediately deemed witches who were working for the Devil.

His trip to Mexico to take the psychedelic fungi with the shamans of Oaxaca caught the public’s imagination and is often cited as the root of the counter-culture’s interest” (O’Neill, 2014). Wasson, a New York banker and vice president of J.P. Morgan, along with friend and New York society photographer Allan Richardson, states being “the first white men in recorded history to eat the divine mushroom” and defined his experience as profound and spiritual. A small excerpt from Wasson’s Life Magazine essay helps to explain his event, “The visions were not blurred or uncertain. They were sharply focused, the lines and colors being so sharp that they seemed more real to me than anything I had ever seen with my own eyes. I felt that I was now seeing plain, whereas ordinary vision gives us an imperfect view; I was seeing the archetypes, the Platonic ideas, that underlie the imperfect images of everyday life. The thought crossed my mind: could the divine mushrooms be the secret that lay behind the ancient mysteries? Could the miraculous mobility that I was now enjoying be the explanation for the flying witches that played so important a part in the folklore and fairy tales of northern

The article that I have chosen is called “Furniture Of The Future May Be Grown From Mushrooms” by Sarah Benton Feitlinger. The article states that our future furniture may be made out of mushrooms. This all started when an Ecovative team in New York, was making an eco-friendly wrapping for a package, out of mushrooms in 2009. Now the company wants to make the wrapping material into furniture. They are thinking to make furniture out of mushrooms. I was reading the article and I think that this will negatively affect the environment and us humans because some people don't like the fact that mushrooms are in there furniture. Why I think this, is because some people might be allergic to mushrooms, mushrooms

This change in meanings associated with the phallus and vulva symbol has been present since the early phases of mankind’s development; furthermore, power and dominance of

Sigmund Freud was not hesitant to talk about the touchy subject of sex and sexuality, “Freud replied that early in his career his search for the origins of human motivation led him to three main candidates: sex, power, and aggression” (Boothby 61). In Richard Boothby 's Sex on the Couch: What Freud Still Has To Teach Us About Sex and Gender, one learns that Freud developed the ideals of the phallic symbol—this included three stages of the psychosexual: four stages: oral, anal, phallic. This phallus, as a common misconception, is not so much an elaborate word for ‘penis.’ It actually has very little to do with the penis, and more to do with what a woman actually desires, “Strength, intelligence, virility, competence, creativity, influence

Furthermore, Bordo’s writing suggests another angle of masculinity by discussing the history of the development of the phallic object. In a period of the attempt to understand the phallic object, sexuality became an issue and embarrassment for the soul. An erect penis became the symbol for the lack of self-control and irrational desires. Bordo states, “Not surprisingly, the penis began to be seen as an object of shame, a rebellious little piece of flesh that kept pursuing the body’s irrational desires,” (Bordo, 90). This depiction ceased male superiority from paralleling sexual capabilities. This argument counters Kimmel’s by suggesting that the penis does not give power to a male-bodied person, but instead, the penis needs to be hidden from view to suggest intellectual potential and respect of an individual. This type of view can be considered “masculine shame”; however, this view

Known as the Two Sex theory, devised by historian Thomas Laqueur, female sexuality would be characterized purely by a woman’s reproductive potential, where the concept of an innate maternal instinct would become the new prioritized ideal. The female orgasm was renounced by a new essence of masculine superiority. This notion can be asserted with the Phallocentric inclination of the late 18th century, examined by historian Tim Hitchcock, as period characterized by penetration and precedence of the phallus. This “both encouraged and made possible the denigration of female sexuality and perceived passivity.” Consequently this caused the de-emphasis of female sexual pleasure and desire. However, female sexual identity would reemerge with potency, attributed to social flux, the emerging field of sexology and disposition of the interwar years.

Psychoanalytical criticism is a form of literary critique, which uses some of the techniques of psychoanalysis in the interpretation of literature. One of the more prevalent Psychoanalytical theorists after Freud was Jacques Lacan. In his text, “The Signification of the Phallus,” asserts that the idea of both sexes are based on the male “being” and the female “having” the phallus, and these two differences determine the relations between the sexes while also bringing them together. For Lacan, the phallus for males represents power, authority, and desire while for females the phallus signifies lack of power and agency (182).

Sigmund Freud has two very popular theories: the psychoanalytic theory and psychosexual theory. The psychoanalytic theory consists of an id, ego, and superego, whereas the psychosexual theory is characterized by anal, phallic, latent, and genital stages. Many fairy tales can be shown illustrating these ideas he aims to prove, such as “Rumpelstiltskin”, “The Yellow Wallpaper”, and “Jack and the Beanstalk”, which drive their own respective

Nonetheless, the idea of penis envy becomes extremely important when examining Freud’s view on women for several reasons. Freud based the majority of his work on female sexual and personality development around penis envy, and Freud held the view that considered penis envy as natural and universal in all women (Slipp 16). According to Freud, the realization by the little girl that they had no penis was the defining moment in the realization of a female’s sexual identity. In The Feminist Legacy of Karen Horney, Marcia Westkott comments: “In sum, the Freudian concept of penis envy explains all one needs to understand of female behavior” (53). Freud

More specifically, Freud traces the roots of all adult behaviors back to childhood impulses and showed how conflicts related to the development of sexuality in childhood subsequently results in psychopathology or neuroses. (Good & Beitman)

Sigmund Freud and Alfred Adler are well-known and respected men in the world of psychology. Both their theories involved the study of the human mind. Freud believed that much of the human instinct was sexually based and that many problems they suffered were due to this instinct. Freud concluded that his patients' memories reached back to childhood and that many of the repressed experiences they recalled concerned sexual issues. Adler believed there was more to the individual but also knew that biology had an influence. He also believed that one’s birth order and socially affected the development of the human personality.