Entrapment And Mental Decay In Gothic Literature

The faculty of consciousness and thought- that inner voice of reason constraining one from happiness, or perhaps protecting one from the inherent fear, death, and gloom embodying the earth. This is what gothic literature writers across the centuries have worked so hard to convey; human thought in it’s most primal form. It is the darkness present in people’s hearts and minds that claws at them, torments and traps them; it drains the soul from their body leaving nothing behind but a broken mind. In the 1700’s these topics frequently arose through a literature movement known as romanticism. Most gothic literature writers including Edgar Allen Poe and Horacio Quiroga would agree on the basis that darkness that ends people; it breaks them down, it physically and mentally destroys them. The aforementioned elements are portrayed through “The Black Cat,” “The Feather Pillow,” and “The Raven.”

Edgar Allan poe is one of the most incredible gothic writers, with a library of many famous works. He is famous for his dark and ominous way of narrating, as well as his brutal and obscure endings to his tales. Arguably his most famous works are the poem entitled “The Raven” published January 29th 1845, and his short story “The Tell-Tale Heart” published a few years earlier on January 1843. Both of these pieces of literature pulled the listener directly into Poe's mysterious world, with suspense and intensity in every line. “The Raven” and “The Tale-Heart’ written by Edgar Allan Poe both develop the gothic theme of madness by using dark imagery, similar symbolism, and torment.

Through the use of an un-named narrator in his poem entitled “The Raven”, Poe darkly conveys feeling understood by many: hopelessness, lost love, and death. The poem follows the un-named narrator, as he reflects on, as well as struggles with, the realization of his lost love, Lenore. Like many, he tries to detract his overwhelming feelings for Lenore by investing his time in studying books. Despite his greatest efforts, he is unsuccessful. Much to his surprise, his solitude is interrupted by an unanticipated visitor. Throughout the poem, Poe uses imagery, tone, symbolism, and rhyme as a means of conveying his overall themes of undying devotion and lingering grief.

The poem, “The Raven,” written by Edgar Allen Poe shows the deep depression and confusion that the narrator is experiencing since the death of his beloved wife. The gloomy setting of the poem predicts the visit of the Raven, whom is a sign of misfortune, darkness, and death. Throughout the poem, the narrator is continually mourning his wife, Lenore. He secretly hopes that the Raven will bring good news regarding his wife and his future; however, the Raven informs him that he will forever remain depressed. Furthermore, Poe uses setting, strong word choice, and symbolism to illustrate the Raven as the messenger of darkness and explain the narrator’s emotional state.

Within the poem “The Raven” written by Edgar Allen Poe, is a speaker who lives alone. The speaker within the poem must confront the reality of his circumstances, by admitting the death of his wife named Lenore. Throughout the poem, Edgar Allen Poe describes the vicious cyclical combat of grief through the speaker, as he imagines faint whispering and tapping on his door. Within his psychotic episodes, the speaker witnesses a talking raven. The raven acts as a symbol of truth concerning the death of Lenore. Only to leave the speaker with the inability to accept his wife’s death.

In Poe’s “The Raven”, Poe’s “The Black Cat”, and Irving’s “The Devil and Tom Walker”, there is a heavy focus on the element of mental decay; this gothic element is used in these stories to accentuate what is happening in these characters’ lives and the toll it takes on them mentally. For example, in “The Raven” the man is dwelling on the past with a constant feeling of “Sorrow for the lost Lenore” (Poe 426). Whom is presumably his lamented wife. These thoughts drove him to insanity, causing him to start hearing a raven constantly mocking him with “croaking (of) ‘Nevermore’” (Poe 439). On the other side of the spectrum, in “The Devil and Tom Walker”, Tom Walker’s wife was not only very alive, but instead of being described as a “rare and radiant maiden whom the angels name Lenore” (Poe 436) she is depicted as “tall termagant, fierce of temper, loud of tongue and strong of arm” (Irving 325), additionally, “his face sometimes showed signs that their conflicts were not confined to words” (Irving 325). Tom Walking was described to be just as atrocious as his wife; although he has not always been that way, but over the years, Tom Walker’s home conditions were so terrible “he didn’t even fear the devil” (Irving 325). Coming back to the concept of obsession with a dead entity, there is “Black Cat”, in this gothic masterpiece, the narrator “one morning, in cold blood, slipped a noose about [his cat’s] neck and hung it to the limb of a tree” (Poe 2) and he did this for no other reason than to fulfill his own “Spirit of perverseness” (Poe 2) to commit such a taboo act. In doing so he became obsessed with the cat, when he went back to the ruins of his house once engulfed by flames, he found that on the one standing wall was

In the Gothic stories The Black Cat, Prey, and The Devil and Tom Walker all have similar themes. These short story themes all intertwine with each other in some for or fashion. For example, all three stories use violence and Entrapment as a common theme in order to convey a certain message.

Gothic literature contains many thematic elements such as horror, death, and even at times romanticism. This type of literature incorporates various different elements, in order to evoke the emotions of terror. There are many authors who are extremely talented and are still remembered and read in classrooms today. These are authors like Edgar Allan Poe, best known for his mysterious poems and short stories, Richard Matheson and Horacio Quiroga, who have all incorporated psychological problems and violence themes in their short stories in order to fascinate the readers and add suspense to the story. These three gothic authors correlate the themes of violence and the psychological/ mental issues in order to depict anticipation and terror

Dark romantic writers explores the evil sides of humanity, such as Edgar Allan Poe, when he exposes readers to the dangers of loss and isolation. One midnight when the narrator was reminiscing over his lost Lenore, a raven flew in his window and confronted him. He loses himself and reality the more he talks with the raven, as he longs to see his lost love, Lenore. In stanza fourteen of “The Raven,” Poe uses several allusions and imagery to show the narrator’s growing mental instability and paranoia due to living in solitude and his never ending love for the missed Lenore.     Poe uses imagery to identify the point when the narrator starts going crazy.

Edgar Allan Poe’s “The Black Cat” is a tale of a man who suffers from alcoholism. In this tale the protagonist whose name is never revealed is deranged by his addiction. The story begins with the narrator describing his love for all his pets. He says “I was especially fond of animals, and was indulged by my parents with a great variety of pets. With these I spent most of my time, and never was so happy as when feeding and caressing them.” (Poe p.1) Although, the narrators’ personality alters when his beloved black cat becomes a falling victim to his atrocity. After arriving home intoxicated one night the man seized his cat Pluto and proceeded to carve out one of the cats’ eyes from the socket. As he awoke the next morning to this frightful

Throughout all the short stories and poems wrote by Edgar Allan Poe, some connections can be made on the content. The Black Cat, and The Raven, are two narratives wrote by Poe, that unveil the themes and symbols he often uses in his work. Poe is on the mysterious side, but he is also taking the life he is given, and making his narratives raw and realist by some degree. Poe uses techniques that left him express his imagination through writing. There are many different ideas and questions rising from all his work. The Black Cat and The Raven, are two narratives that use similar themes and symbols that allow readers to receive a small connection of the madness inside of the narrators.

Although now seen as the father of the modern horror story, Edgar Allan Poe was previously viewed as a drunken failure. Within Poe’s writings much of his own life riddled with guilt, anxiety, alcohol, depression and death shines through resulting in works that appear unrelated yet once dissected prove similar. This is true for Poe’s works “The Raven” and “The Black Cat”. Poe’s examples of gothic fiction share the use of the color black and a rapid digression of the narrator 's sanity while seemingly unveiling Poe’s internal pain. Despite these similarities, Poe’s works also differ immensely. “The Black Cat” focuses around death while “The Raven” is fixed around discovering the reasoning for a bird 's arrival. Moreover, gothic themes seen within “The Raven” do not necessarily remain constant when compared to “The Black Cat”.

“There was an iciness, a sickening of the heart- an unredeemed deadness of thought which no goading of the imagination could torture into aught of the sublime” (Poe 28). One’s own mind can play all sorts of games on you if not controlled correctly. The gothic elements that composed the creation of a gothic literature story were dispersed throughout the works of Morgenstern, Irving, Hawthrone, and Poe. Their fictional stories, Night Circus, “The devil and Tom Walker”, “Dr. Heidegger’s experiment”, and “Fall of the House of Usher” all include spirits, mystery, and entrapment among their works of gothic

The term gothic is often portrayed as dark, mysterious, horrific, and suspenseful. During the eighteenth and nineteenth century gothic writing became a successful genre in the world of fiction. Many fictional works during this time period were gothic and known for being dark and creepy leaving the reader in a state of pleasing terror. Edgar Allan Poe became one of the most popular gothic poets of his time, and mostly known for the unusual and disturbing themes throughout his poems. A common theme throughout his two works, “The Raven” and “The Cask of Amontillado”, was sanity and where the narrator lacked thereof. “The Raven” begins with a man being disturbed by a knock at his door and is eventually driven mad by a raven who can only recite

“The Black Cat” is one of Poe’s most memorable stories. The story first published in 1843, edition of The Saturday Evening Post, is a study of the psychology of guilt, paired with other works by Poe. The start of the narrative should intrigue readers, by the imagery that is recognized by writers. John Cleman wrote the article “Irresistible Impulses: Edgar Allan Poe and the Insanity Defense” analyzing the work written by Poe and his usage of themes and symbols. At the beginning of this article, Cleman stated this: “Near the beginning of the tale, the narrator says he would be “mad indeed” if he should expect a reader to believe the story, implying that he has already been accused of madness” (630). Poe is creating a sense of confusion for the readers and making them think more about the story before reading. The story is centered around a black cat and the idea of deterioration of a man. From his prison cell, the narrator is writing the story about his life, which is falling apart; He has a love for animals, and for his wife that he married young. One of the things that he takes on as a hobby, is drinking, and when he starts to drink, his personality shifts, as he starts abusing his wife and pets. The narrative is full of gruesome scenes in which he hurts his pets, including murdering them. Later, he continues the abuse and kills his wife, also. Eventually, the cops show up, and take down the wall. “Then quickly they began to pick at the stones, and in a short time they saw