Environgard Corporation

1. Using the current ratio, discuss what conclusions you can make about each company’s ability to pay current liabilities (debt).

A. Describe Eco-Products’ early history (1990 through 2003). Would you view the firm during that period as being a life-style business, an entrepreneurial venture, or? Why?

An investment in a tax-exempt (municipal) bond with an interest rate of 8 percent is preferable to an investment in a taxable (corporate) bond with an interest rate of 10 percent.

It can be used to pay the dividends, no matter the preferred dividend and common dividends. So the company need enough retaining earnings to pay these dividends to let the shareholders invest in the company. So there will be a retaining earnings.

* We compared our past and projected ratios to the industry benchmarks to analyze the effects of taking on different levels of debt.

b) If Olin issues $40 mm in debt to repurchase 2 million shares of equity (i.e. they replace $40 mm of equity with $40 mm of debt in their capital structure), and the interest rate on the debt is 10%, what will be the expected EPS next year?

- A firm has a market value equal to its book value. Currently, the firm has excess cash of $1,200 and other assets of $10,800. Equity is worth $12,000. The firm has 750 shares of stock outstanding and net income of $775. What will the new earnings per share be if the firm uses its excess cash to complete a stock repurchase?

1. Please conduct a financial ratio analysis using the data in Exhibit 2. How do the results reflect different strategies pursued by the 4 firms?

Shareholder’s equity would be lower than that shown in 1982 ($318,000) because the company has to pay off interest and principal for many loans. There will be little money left for shareholder’s equity.

24) A firm has assets of $250 million, of which $25 million is cash. It has debt of $100 million. If the firm were to repurchase $10 million of its stock, what would its new debt-to-equity ratio be?

When new equity is to be raised, then there will be floatation cost. The net price will be $25-$2 the floatation cost = $23.

2. Forecast the firm’s financial statements for 2002 and 2003. What will be the external financing requirements of the firm in those years? Can the firm repay its loan within a reasonable period? In order to forecast the financial statements of 2002 and 2003, the following assumptions need to be made. The growth of sales is 15%, same as 2001, which is estimated by managers. The rate of production costs and expenses per sales is constant to 50%. Administration and selling expenses is the average of last 4 years. The depreciation is $7.8 million per year, which is calculated by $54.6 million divided by 7 years. Tax rate is 24.5%, which is provided. The dividend is $2 million per year only when the company makes profits. Therefore, we assume that there will be no dividend in 2003. Gross PPE will be $27.3 million (54.6/2) per year. We also assume there is no more long term debt, because any funds need in the case are short term debt, it keeps at $18.2 million. According to the forecast, Star River needs external financing approximately $94 million and $107 million in 2002 and 2003, respectively. In order to analysis if the company can repay the debt, we need to know the interest coverage ratio, current ratio and D/E ratio. The interest coverage ratios through the forecast were 1.23 and 0.87 respectively, which is the danger signal to the managers, because in 2003, the profits even not

The number of shares outstanding will remain the same and thus, the only change in the equity side of the balance sheets for the next three years will be the change in the amount of retained earnings. This change will be equal to the net income of the company for last year because the company will not pay a dividend.

The company lost money almost every year since its leveraged buyout by Coniston Partners in 1989. The income generated was not sufficient to service the interest expenses of the company which stood at $2.62B in 1996. From Exhibit 1, we can say that interest coverage ratio computed as EBIT / Interest Expense was 1.31 in 1989 and has been decreasing over years and currently stands at 0.59. This raises a question of how the company can meet its interest payments without raising cash or selling assets.

1.One being an IPO offering, requiring the sale of less than 9% of the company. This offering will be for 3.5 million shares, with an expected sale price at between $14 and $18 per share.