Enzyme Catalysis Lab

The preparation for the experiment started by gathering the solutions of enzyme Peroxidase, substrate hydrogen peroxide, the indicator guaiacol and distilled water. Two small spectrometer tubes and three large test tubes with numbered labels. In addition, one test tube rack, one pipet pump and a box of kimwipes were also gathered. Before the experiment, the spectrometer must be set up to use by flipping the power switch to on. Following, the machine was warmed up for 10 minutes and the filter lever was moved to the left. In addition, I set the wavelength to 500 nm with the wavelength control knob. Before the experiment, I had to create the blank solution by pipetting 0.1 ml of guaiacol, 1.0 ml of turnip extract and 8.9 ml water into tube #1. Following the creation of the blank, a control 2% solution was created.

In the experiment we used Turnip, Hydrogen Peroxide, Distilled Water, and Guaiacol as my substances. On the first activity, Effect of Enzyme concentration of Reaction Rate for low enzyme concentration, we tested three concentrations of the turnip extract, and hydrogen peroxide. For the Turnip Extract I used 0.5 ml, 1.0 ml, and 2.0 ml. For hydrogen peroxide we used 0.1 ml, 0.2 ml, and 0.4 ml. We used a control to see the standard, and used a control for each enzyme concentration used. The control contains turnip extract and the color reagent, Guaiacol. We prepared my substrate tubes separately from the enzyme tubes. My substrate tube

Students will be observing normal catalase reaction, the effect of temperature on enzyme activity, and the effect of pH on enzyme activity in this experiment. The enzymes will all around perform better when exposed in room temperature than when it is exposed to hot and cold temperatures. This is based on the fact that the higher the temperature, the better the enzymes will perform, but as the temperature reaches a certain high degree, the enzymes will start to denature, or lose their function.

The null hypothesis for the first experiment was that substrate concentration would have no effect on the reaction rate. It was hypothesized that the reaction rate would increase with rising substrate concentrations, until all active sites were bound. The null hypothesis for the second experiment was that temperature would not have an effect on reaction rates. It was hypothesized that until the enzyme is denatured, as temperature increased, so would the reaction rate.

    The objective of this experiment is to explore the effect of temperature on the enzyme peroxidase. To comprehend the effect that temperature can have on enzymes, specifically peroxidase, one must understand what enzymes are and what their function is. Enzymes are proteins that are found in cells that function as catalyst (Ms. Chang's Enzyme Notes). What is meant by this is that enzymes increase the speed of chemical reactions without changing the chemical equilibrium between reactants and products or becoming consumed or permanently modified by the reaction through lowering the activation energy barrier (Enzymes). Enzymes are necessary in order to sustain life because without them, the chemical reactions that take place in our cells would occur far too slowly (Ms. Chang's Enzyme Notes).

Investigating the temperature effect on rate of oxygen production for the enzyme catalase in the Hydrogen Peroxide Reaction using Floating Disk assay Experiment Figures: Table 1: This is the raw data collected for the measurement of time in seconds on the floating of the disk assay in nine trials observing four different temperatures. Then, calculated the average, standard deviation and 95% confidence interval. Figure 1: This bar graph represents the rate of reaction based on the floating disks in seconds. It displays the different comparisons between temperatures. It shows 95% confidence interval for error bars.

If we look at our data for the class experiment with the colder temperatures we can see that at 18℃ the average was 3.142 seconds, but as we dropped the temperature

Organisms use enzymes in order to break down potentially harmful materials in the body and to carry out chemical reactions. One such process that involves substances and enzymes in the body is processing H2O2 by the liver and other body systems into water and oxygen. In an enzyme catalysis lab, the goal was to find out how, as time passes, how much H2O2 will be left over after reacting with the enzyme catalase. Samples from various times were used in order to stop the catalysis sulfuric acid (H2SO4) was used to denature the enzyme in each sample. Using times from 10 to 360 seconds in different increments to first catalyze, the samples were left over the weekend with a parafilm covering to be titrated the next day. The titrations revealed that as time progresses, the hydrogen peroxide will continue to break down until there would be nothing left if the reaction continued to happen. As the reaction takes

There are numerous chemical reactions that occur within cells, most of these reactions would occur at a slower rate or would not occur at all if there were no catalysts present within cells. Enzymes are biological catalysts that are a type of protein which aims to accelerate chemical reactions in the body. This occurs without adjusting the resulting product that is formed and without being used up in the reaction. Therefore, the amount of enzyme within the cell stays consistent. Enzymes enable many reactions in a cell and are present in only small amounts; they are proteins that are comprised of a unique sequence of amino acids in the polypeptide chain which causes it to compose a specific three-dimensional shape.

2. Place equal amounts of liver into 2 clean test tubes and add 1 ml of hydrogen peroxide into 2 other test tubes. Place one test tube of liver and one of the hydrogen peroxide into an ice bath. Put the other 2 test tubes into a warm bath. After 3 minutes, pour each test tube of hydrogen peroxide into the corresponding tube of liver.

The independent variables are the range of temperatures and the range of hydrogen peroxide concentration. The dependent variable is the rate of catalase activity. The Catalase was taken from beef liver and was placed into a shaking thermostat machine to test for the amount of oxygen. The range of temperatures tested were 9.2 degrees to 30 degrees Celsius. The thermostat was filled with water at a specific temperature while the catalase was placed into six different bottles. A concentration of hydrogen peroxide was also added. With all firmly in place, the thermostat machine shook them for around a hundred times per minute. The entire reaction was examined at the pH of 7. The amount of oxygen was recorded for each temperature range and concentration. In conclusion, the catalase activity is the highest between 0 degrees and 10 degrees C because the amount of oxygen recorded was the greatest. When the temperature rose, the rate of catalase decreased. Between 10 to 20 degrees C, the catalase’s activity was smaller than the activity produced between 0 degrees and 10 degrees. Finally, between 20 to 30 degrees C, the catalase production rate was the lowest out of the three temperature ranges. Also, when the temperature was decreased while the H2O2 concentration was increased, the catalase’s activity was high and it plateaued for some time possibly due to the amount of H2O2. To conclude, when

By doing this, it lowers the amount of time the hydrogen peroxide solution is exposed to oxygen atoms within the atmosphere and slowly reacting with it. This will mean when each trial is completed, a new fresh source of hydrogen peroxide will be introduced, ready to be placed into the 50mL measuring cylinder and used in a second and a third trial. This then lowers the decomposition of the hydrogen peroxide compared to if the hydrogen peroxide was left out to react with the oxygen atoms, ensuring the amount of hydrogen peroxide substrate molecules binding to the catalase enzyme activation site will be more precise for every trial. A result of this improvement would be the foam height produced for each trial being much more consistent with other values in the data collected. Thus, reducing the scatter in the data points and reducing the effect of random error on the results. This also would result in the percentage range being lowered, and although 80% of the increments received a percentage range lower than the 10% confidence level, there must be full reliability in reliability in all results

The hypothesis was supported by the results since hydrogen peroxide at 35 degrees resulted in the quickest displacement of 100ml of water as predicted. The slowest time was produced by hydrogen peroxide at 20 degrees. As the hydrogen peroxide reached 40 degrees, the reaction rate became to slow down, which clearly demonstrates that the reaction rate will increase with rising temperatures until it reaches or passes its optimal temperature where it begins to denature (40 degrees)

We held four controlled experiments which are controller, temperature, HCl Acid, and NaOH Base. We controlled the amount of catalase to 10 mL and H2O2 solution to 4 mL. First we mixed catalase with H2O2 solution and used O2 sensor to gather

Hydrogen peroxide is a toxic byproduct of cellular functions. To maintain hydrogen peroxide levels the catalase enzyme deconstructs hydrogen peroxide and reconstructs the reactants into oxygen gas and water. The catalase enzyme is found inside cells of most plants and animals. Regulating the levels of hydrogen peroxide is crucial in homeostasis and analyzing it’s optimal conditions for performance is just as important. To understand the optimal environment for this enzyme, they are put into different environments based off protein activity (enzymes are proteins). Catalase samples will be put into different hydrogen peroxide environments based off pH and temperature. The more active the enzyme, the more oxygen and water it will produce. Enzyme activity can be seen through the release of oxygen in the hydrogen peroxide. Since oxygen cannot be accurately measured, the data will consist of the longevity of the reaction in different environments. If the pH is higher than 7, then the reaction rate will increase due to the ample amount of hydrogen ions in the hydrogen peroxide. However the pH level cannot be higher than 10 or else there will be too many hydrogen atoms in the peroxide for the enzyme to be able to deconstruct them. If the temperature is increased, then the reaction rate will increase due to the ample amount of energy and movement in the hydrogen peroxide and enzyme.