Epekto Ng Bawal Na Gamot

Proteinaceous Infectious Particles, commonly known as Prions, are extremely rare misfolds of the protein PrPc, which cause fatally neurodegenerative diseases, and are theorized to be infectious only by the protein itself (U.S National Library of Medicine, 1998). This “protein-only theory” is still heavily debated today, as some scientists deny the theory, and there isn’t a significant amount of evidence on each side to qualify the theory or disprove it (Soto, C. 2011). The base “Prion” protein is encoded in the gene PRNP, while being non-infectious. Prions are most commonly found in human prion diseases, but they can also be in other animals in the form of Mad Cow Disease and Chronic Wasting Disease, classified as Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathies

Horse slaughter has been going on for a long time now and humans have increased their horsemeat consumption because of the mad cow disease. Mad cow disease is issued from the fattening foods farmers give to their cattle. In the food are sheep’s’ bones grinded into tiny, tiny bits. Ignorant till the outburst, makers didn’t know that in sheep bones there is the virus of the dreaded disease. The disease doesn’t affect sheep as it is only in their bones but when the cows eat it, it gets into their systems and is passed on through their meat to humans.

Humans have to deal with many different diseases and the ones most disliked are the ones with no cures. Like cancer, transmissible spongiform encephalopathies have no cure, but they are more rare. These diseases are prion diseases which cause the brain to deteriorate. Prions are proteins that sometimes behave like viruses, which mean that they should have some form of nucleic acid, but since they don’t, they cause abnormalities. The nervous system contains many normal prions, but when an abnormal prion comes along, it transforms all the normal prions into abnormal ones. Bovine spongiform encephalopathy is found in cattle, but it can be transmitted to humans.

Variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (vCJD) is a rare and fatal human neurodegenerative condition falling under the category of Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathy (TSE) because of having characteristic of spongy degeneration of the brain that it causes and its ability to be transmitted. First it was described in the United Kingdom in March 1996 and it has been connected with exposure to a TSE of cattle known as Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE) sometimes called Classical BSE, having been reported first in 1986 in the United Kingdom.

According to McBride morbidity and mortality are due to the following disease pro-cesses amongst the Filipino community: cardiovascular disease and diabetes, breast cancer, dementia, depression, elderly abuse, gout, TB and HIV. (McBride, 2001)

On an ordinary Saturday afternoon, my sister and I made our way to 1st St. and Central Ave. from a failed attempt at another left-to-be-unnamed cultural epicenter, which was a very disappointing trip. Little Tokyo proved to be quite the opposite, as I was able to ascertain a much deeper understanding of the Japanese culture because of it, and at the same time was able to reflect on the differences and similarities of my Filipino heritage. From what I was able to gather, the Japanese and Filipino cultures have quite a few significant differences, but have more similarities than I originally anticipated.

This disease gets its name from the German neurologist Hans Gerhard Creutzfeldt and Alfons Maria Jakob that first identified this disease. (Victor, 2015) VCJD is primarily found in the brain of the cattle. Abnormal proteins called prions have thought to be the cause of this disease in both cattle and in humans. These prions cause tiny holes that look like a sponge under a microscope. (Melissa Conrad Stöppler, 2015) Unlike most viruses and bacteria these prions unfortunately do not die when exposed to heat, ultraviolet light, and radiation. Disinfectants that are usually used to kill viruses and bacteria also do not work to kill prions. Even cooking the meat very well will not lower the risk of prions in the

The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) has tested hundreds of thousands of cattle for BSE. Researchers believe that the infectious agent that causes mad cow disease is an abnormal version of a protein normally found on cell surfaces, called a prion. For reasons still unknown, this protein becomes altered and destroys nervous system tissue (brain and spinal cord). There exists strong epidemiologic and laboratory evidence for a causal association between a new human prion disease called variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (vCJD) that was first reported from the United Kingdom in 1996 and the BSE outbreak in cattle (http://www.cdc.gov). According to The National Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease Surveillance Unit, by June 2014 it had killed 177 people in the United Kingdom, and 52 elsewhere. This essay will focus on the possible causes, effects, and treatment for this

Mad Cow Disease should be taken very seriously because it can affect the whole world, even if your country is unaffected by the disease. Mad Cow is not a new disease, for it has been around for a few decades. Precautions and regulations should have been set for European countries and the United States a long time ago. Luckily the United States has been blessed with the geographical difference from the rest of the commotion going on in the European nations. This paper discusses the history and the time of infection for most of the counties in the infected areas; furthermore, the economic agriculture affected in countries, and the economic effect on the United States; and what exactly the government and other countries are doing to protect themselves and other nation from the spread and incubation of this disease.

Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (vCJD) is a mad cow human disease which is believed to be caused by eating beef products contaminated with central nervous system tissue, such as brain and spinal cord, from cattle infected with mad cow disease. For this reason, the many

It is a rare, degenerative but fatal brain disorder affecting very a small fraction of persons. The symptoms usually arise at the age of 60 and the person dies within a year. Many researchers believe that this disorder is the result of an abnormal protein known as prion. About 5-10% cases reported in the United States share a genetic basis where this form of dementia is caused by a mutation in the gene for the prion protein. Patients with Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease suffer from the problems associated with muscle coordination, personality changes, impaired memory, judgment making, thinking disability and impaired vision. Other possible symptoms include insomnia and depression. In later stages the persons

Recently in the news has been a story about a patient admitted to a Sydney hospital, suffering from Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD). You are to write a 2000 word research report on this disease (it can include information on both CJD and VCJD relating to BSE, just make sure you note which one so that I know). In your report you should address the following:

Though a relatively new institution, the realm of public health has been fairly consistent from its conception. Using a methodology centered in evidence-based, population-approach health studies, scientists have been given the means to fight and control disease around the world. Traditionally, a communicable disease is caused by one of three foreign agents: bacteria, parasites, viruses. While quite different, these four agents have much in common, including their adherence to Koch’s germ theory, their reliance on human hosts, and methods of transmission. In the last twenty years or so, however, the scientific community has encountered a fifth type of pathogen that is completely different in size, composition, and the disease it causes – the prion. In its simplest form, a prion is a protein in a misfolded form. Essentially, this protein propagates by transmitting its misfolded state to other proteins in its host, specifically in cranial and neural tissue. The altered structure of the protein, which constitutes the prion, is extremely stable, and cannot be denatured by chemical and physical agents. The harm comes to the human or animal when the prions aggregate extracellularly in the central nervous system, creating plaques and holes in the tissue - diseases that are caused by prions are known as transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs). The recent discovery of prions, though rare in existence, pose a serious threat to the consistency of public health and the

Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs) are neurodegenerative diseases that are thought to be caused by the misfolding of prion proteins. Prions are able to replicate in the absence of nucleic acids. TSEs include: scrapie, bovine spongiform encephalopathy, Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, kuru, Gerstmann-Straussler-Scheinker disease, and Fatal Familial Insomnia. They can affect many different animals, including humans. Currently, there are no ways to diagnose, treat, or cure TSEs, as much more research is needed before these diseases are completely understood.

Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs), or Prion diseases, are a group of neurodegenerative disorders which include but is not limited to kuru, Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD), Gerstmann-Sträussler-Scheinker (GSS) syndrome, and fatal familial insomnia in men, natural scrapie in sheep, goats and mufflons. The first records of neurodegenerative disease which would later be linked to Prions were made about two hundred years ago. It was in the 1950’s it was discovered that Prion disease could be transmitted horizontally, in addition to being inheritable and spontaneous. These findings were sought out by isolated tribes of the New Guinea that were suffering from high prevalence of a particular TST called Kuru. Some additional history of Prion disease dates back to the 1980’s when an increasing number of cows in the UK became infected with Mad Cow Disease also known as Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy. This unfortunate epidemic was traced back to a food supplement that was fed to the cows, this supplement contained mean and bone meal from dead sheep. A speculation was then drawn that the BSE had been a result of the sheep that had suffered from scrapie, which is a sheep-specific Prion disease. As a result it was decided by the British government that the banning of animal derived feed supplements. This helped to decrease the disease of cattle which subsequently disrupted the spread of the disease amongst livestock and animals.