Chagas disease is an endemic infection in Latin America caused by the parasite Trypanosoma cruzi. Nowadays, it affects millions of people worldwide including thousands in Europe and Oceania. Megacolon, that represents the most frequent complication of the digestive chronic form, happens due to lesions of the enteric nervous system, followed by motility disorders. The neuronal lesions seems to initiate right in the acute phase and persist for a long period during the chronic phase, being that the mechanisms involved on such process are still debated. Among the cells of the immune system possibly involved in this pathological process, we emphasize the mast cell (MC), due to its well known role in the bidirectional communication between the immune
When there is a problem in the colon, and these cells are inflamed and infected, they
As you can see, the three chosen sources show the impact of disease on the Aztec population and how their religion was uprooted. Sources 2 and 3 focus on the devastation that came with diseases that the Europeans brought and Source 5 informs us on the Spanish religion on their methods of converting people.
Fever, swelling around initial infection site, parasites in blood, sometimes asymptomatic, rarely debilitating or life threatening problems can occur.
This document will discuss how demographics disease trends affect the delivery of health care. Starting with current age composition of the United States population and how future changes will occur in the next 10 to 20 years. Next will be identifiable factors that support environmental and changing demographic trends. Providing examples of relevant diseases and how the aging trend will increase or decrease health issues and how to reduce health complications because of age. The current rate of obesity will be discussed and how it will change in the next 10 to 20
On June 6, 2016, at approximate 4:31 PM I, Officer, McMillom #135 of the MISD PD was dispatched to Willie Pigg Auditorium in regards to an unknown B/F on stage with at Taser.
Cells move from the blood into the intestines and produce inflammation which is a normal immune system response. The inflammation does not subside, leading to chronic inflammation, ulceration, thickening of the intestinal wall, and eventually causing patient symptoms.
The book chosen was “The New Killer Diseases”, because it seemed to be interesting and covered a great deal of information that was learned in class. The book discusses how we should fear the unknown when it comes to fighting the new killer diseases that could evolve and spread at any moment. It is scary to think at any moment that a new disease could develop causing an epidemic. The examples of stories of patients that were discussed made the book more interesting and easier to understand the concepts of the new diseases. The scientific research throughout the book gives readers a clear understanding how germs threaten all of mankind. We need to protect ourselves, families, and encourage the public to stay up to
In 1854 cholera swiftly took over in just one street in London killing over 600 people in a little more than a week. Cholera first started in India and spread to England when the british arrived there. Now that you know this let’s find out what cholera even is first of all.
Cholera remains a drastically severe disease, killing hundreds of people each outbreak. When ingested, it attaches to the mucosal lining of the intestines and disrupts the normal flow of ions so that there is more sodium, chloride, and water in the intestinal lumen than normal and results in massive diarrhea. Cholera has made a global impact and been endemic in almost all parts of the world. Cholera control strongly emphasizes sanitation, clean drinking water, isolation, and careful food preparation. Two ways our body works against cholera as a self-limiting disease are sloughing cells and the secretory immunoglobulin (sIgA) antibody produced by mucus throughout our body. There are
The video presented by Steven Johnson gives us a glimpse of a cholera outbreak that happened in the city of London during this time period. He begins by describing the living conditions in the early days of London. He mentions filth and refuse being thrown in the basement of houses and in the streets, he mentions livestock roaming freely, and he explicitly described the stench which was so abhorrent, that it was offensive just to walk around the city. Initially the emerging public health system believed that the stench was causing the disease thus they implemented the “nuisances act” an early public health intervention which instead of making things better just aggravated the problem.
Crohn’s disease is an inflammatory condition that is immunologically mediated. Even though the etiology of the disease is not yet determined, results from different researches such as human genetics, clinical tests and basic science have given significant insights in the inflammatory disease pathogenesis. In addition, the studies reports that Crohn’s disease is heterogeneous disease that is characterized by different genetic abnormalities that results to T cells responses. The research paper has highlighted various signs of the disease that indicates that T cells usually response to the environment. For instance, the paper states that T cells are important to an individual’s immunity and has both protective and harmful immune response. The research paper has a purpose statement that provides the theme or the question that is being examined in the paper. The paper also reviews both the Crohn’s mechanism and the assumed pathophysiological mechanisms. Assumed pathophysiological mechanisms include intestinal permeability, infectious agents, pro-inflammatory moles and the abnormal immunological response. On the other hand, signs and symptoms of the Crohn’s disease include diarrhea, weight loss, abdominal pain and fever.
Chagas disease (T. cruzi) is a deadly disease triggered by the parasite, Trypanosoma cruzi (T. cruzi). This disease is commonly found in Latin America but it is also an endemic in America. A qualitative chemiluminescent immunoassay (ChLIA) was used to test the blood donations. It aided in detecting any antibodies to the T. cruzi virus in the human serum and the plasma specimens. The reactive donations with the disease were tested further by a second screening test and a confirmatory test. These tests were used to contained positive results. Those reactive blood samples are then destroyed and not used for transfusion.
The Spanish knew of the disease and were able to use it to their advantage in battle. They knew their army would be immune to the disease due to them enrolling locals. If attacked by the enemy all they had to do was hold out for two months and allow yellow fever and malaria to defeat their enemy (McNeill, 4). This could be considered one the earliest cases of biological warfare. The Spanish didn’t create the diseases however they knew enough about them use it as an advantage in battle. This allowed them to keep a strong hold on their assets in South America and the Greater Caribbean during the early twentieth century.
Hello Nathan, I enjoyed your post. Chagas is a major disease and I must say it will be interesting to see how the house projects research goes. It is apparent that this aid the Latin America countries in need while including their socio-economical status. Use resources indigoes to the population of countries at hand. It is apparent that close living quarters within humans to humans such as over crowding, and close living of humans to animals aids not just Chagas disease but many. Chagas disease is a disease that can be stopped but is an extremely challenging challenge.
Of the many diseases spread by insects, none are actually caused by the insects themselves but by other organisms passed on when they feed or bite. Insects are capable of spreading diseases caused by many different types of microorganisms including bacteria, viruses, protozoan and others. Mosquitoes have earned the title of "the most deadly creature on earth." This is due to the fact that they spread serious epidemic diseases such as Malaria, Yellow Fever, African Sleeping Sickness, and West Nile Virus.