Equus

As can be seen in the lack of domesticated horses in the new world prior to the discovery of the new world the Europeans mobility is an integral part of societal growth, for after horses were introduced to the Native Americans many tasks were made much simpler such as hunting buffalo, increasing trade. It may seem a little irrational to include horses in the sphere of technology because horses are living things, they weren’t created in a lab, but to the Native Americans these horses were so unique to them and so important to the development of their society that the impact that horses had on the natives could easily be compared to the impact that the computer

The horse (Equus ferus caballus)[2][3] is one of two extant subspecies of Equus ferus. It is an odd-toed ungulate mammal belonging to the taxonomic family Equidae. The horse has evolved over the past 45 to 55 million years from a small multi-toed creature, Eohippus, into the large, single-toed animal of today. Humans began to domesticate horses around 4000 BC, and their domestication is believed to have been widespread by 3000 BC. Horses in the subspecies caballus are domesticated, although some domesticated populations live in the wild as feral horses. These feral populations are not true wild horses, as this term is used to describe horses that have never been domesticated, such as the endangered Przewalski's horse, a separate subspecies, and the only remaining true wild horse. There is an extensive, specialized vocabulary used to describe equine-related concepts, covering everything from anatomy to life stages, size, colors, markings, breeds, locomotion, and behavior.

From its early stages as a 40 cm tall, 25 kg Eohippus to its current state as a 1.6 meter tall, 500 kg beast, every step can be traced through an abundance of fossils located mostly right here in the United States. While the changes in equids from their beginnings until now are drastic, I found it interesting that it was not necessarily gradual. Most of the changes in size, structure and teeth did not happen until the Miocene, upon which the development was rapid. Figure 5 shows the mass of Equid genera in comparison to when they lived. For the first half of equid development, barely any change occurred. This displays how important environmental factors are in the evolution of species; without the emergence and prominence of open grasslands in the Miocene, horses as we know them today would almost certainly not

The ancient Botai culture in Kazakhstan first domesticated horses 5,500 years ago, and its economy was equine-based. Horses were used for labor, transportation, milk, and consumption. Even at that early time, if the horses did not succumb to the rigors of daily life, work-related injuries, or battle, then they were sold for salvage. The money received from the salvage was reinvested in a younger, stronger horse. The salvaged horse would go to the rendering plant for leather, horsehair furniture, glue, gelatin, cosmetics, or to the butcher

Thoroughbreds are bred for their speed. They’re known as the “English Horse,” because they evolved in Britain in the 17th and 18th centuries. Thoroughbreds were named because of the way they were bred. They were called “thoroughbreds” because they were purebred. “The name , “Thoroughbred,” is a direct translation of the Arabic word Kehilan (“IHWT Irish Horse Welfare Trust”).” The origin of the breeding of thoroughbred back in the ancient times was found that the three main descendants weren’t very fast horses. The gene that made these horses so quick came from an anonymous mare that was raced more than 300 years ago. They think that this mare may have been part or mostly Shetland. Thoroughbreds are often described as the highest class of light horse imaginable. “The Irish Thoroughbred has won many major races throughout the world (“IHWT Irish Horse Welfare Trust”).” Thoroughbreds are usually about 16 hands tall, (1 hand is equal to 3 feet). They are long and sleek, with long legs which allows them to move quickly. Their most common colors would be brown, bay, chestnut, and black. They have a straight profile and all though they have Arabian ancestors, they do not show any of their distinct profiles. “Thoroughbreds are bred

Started off as hunters and gatherers, and they lived off the land until horses were introduced to them

Thesis : Paint horses are the most veritile breed because they have the breeding to be race

Though there is a controversy over the exact date horses were domesticated and ridden, the best estimate is around 4500 B.C. There is evidence that 6000 years ago near the Dnieper River and the Don River, people had been using bits on their horses, because a stallion that was buried there had shown signs of consistent wearing of his teeth from a bit. Chariot burials form about 2500 B.C. show evidence of horses being used as working animals. Chariot warfare was followed by the use of horses in cavalries. The horse played an important role throughout human history all over the world, both in warfare and peaceful pursuits like transportation of goods. Horses lived in North America, but died out at the end of the Ice Age. However horses were brought

Domestication of the horse took place 5-6,000 years ago, near the end of the Neolithic period. It is almost certain that it first took place in Eurasia, through the nomadic Aryan tribes, around the Black and Caspian Seas. It is from this point in the history of the world that the existence of truly wild horses begins to decline; their place taken by domestic stock.

The domestication of the horse has profoundly affected the course of civilization. Horses provided meat, milk, and enhanced transportation and warfare (Vila et al., 2001). Horse remains become increasingly common in archaeological sites of the Eurasian grassland steppe dating from about 6000 years ago, suggesting the time and place of their first domestication (Clutton-Brock 1987).

Horses have been around for more than 50 million years. Once horses and humans came together they have been clicked since in many ways (Walter). Humans had made horses broken to do about anything for about 6,000 years (Walter). Over the time of breeding and cross-breeding we have made powerful horses from large Percheron to the little miniature ponies (Walter). Some examples are the things that horses had changed human history from battlefield to farming to packing out in the West (Walter). People nowadays had really relied on a horse to let them, let things go that is on their minds and they are most spirited and kind-minded companions anyone can have (Walter).

The Quarter Horse and the Thoroughbred have been in existence since the seventeenth century and are perhaps the most well-known horse breeds of the twentieth century. These spectacular horses are used to compete in sporting events and have tremendous abilities. They are prey animals that routinely weigh over one thousand pounds, have similar colors, and are made for riding. Both are routinely more than fifteen hands in height and are measured from the ground at their front legs with one hand equaling four inches. Reaching speeds in excess of forty miles per hour, they can easily jump heights of five feet. Each has won North American and world championships, earning themselves fame and their owner’s fortune for their accomplishments. Although these animals can be similar in size and appearance, there are differences in their abilities and personalities.

In 1996, Dennis and Cindy Thompson, a couple on a business trip to Great Britain, spotted a black and white magical horse, Cushti Bok, in the middle of a field. Cushti Bok became the first Gypsy stallion to be imported to America. It was love at first sight for the couple and the this marvelous horse. They immediately met with the owner of this horse, who would soon invite them to a 300 years old traditional fair, the Appleby Fair. By 2015 over 4,000 Gypsy Vanner horses were registered horses. The Gypsy horse society was the first to register this breed, to recognize a selectively bred horse by the Gypsies of the British aisle. The Gypsy Vanner Horse Society (GVHS) has studied not only the horse, but also the people who have bred them. This

The first known ancestor of the horse lived around 55 million years ago. This dog-sized animal was called the Hyracotherium, and the fossils were found in North America. This animal is said to look nothing like a horse, instead it had dog-like characteristics such as an arched back, short snout, and long tail.

The vast landscape of the steppe also led to the Mongols’ extensive use of horses to follow their huge herds. The isolation from settled civilization meant clans depended on their animals for food, clothing,